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Biomedical subjects

J Kuikka

Publications and source records attributed to J Kuikka.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Analysis of left ventricular function from gated first-pass and multiple gated equilibrium acquisitions.

99mTechnetium-sestamibi is a new myocardial perfusion imaging agent that offers significant physical advantages over 201thallium for myocardial perfusion imaging. One of these advantages is that it can be used in the assessment of ventricular function by means of first-pass radionuclide angiography (FPRNA), acquired during the injection of the tracer. In this study we compared gated list mode first-pass acquisition with 99mTc-sestamibi (FP-MIBI) to multiple gated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography (MUGA) with 99mTc-labelled red blood cells for the determination of global left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The study population consisted of 20 patients (mean age 54 years) who were submitted to stress-rest perfusion imaging. Resting FPRNA was performed using 99mTc-sestamibi and the reference data were acquired within a week with the MUGA technique. A linear correlation between FP LVEF and MUGA LVEF gave an r = 0.974 (p < 0.01). Diastolic and systolic timing and velocity parameters had lower correlations between these two methods. We conclude that global LVEF can be precisely measured with 99mTc-sestamibi when compared to usually employed MUGA technique with 99mTc-labelled red blood cells.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1992

Noninvasive detection of cardiac sympathetic nervous dysfunction in diabetic patients using [123I]metaiodobenzylguanidine.

The association between clinical autonomic dysfunction and myocardial MIBG accumulation was investigated. The study groups comprised 6 male diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy (ANP+ group), 6 male diabetic patients without autonomic neuropathy (ANP-group), and 6 male nondiabetic control subjects. The mean age was comparable in all groups, and the subjects had no evidence of coronary heart disease. Reduced heart-rate variation in a deep-breathing test was used as a criterion for autonomic neuropathy. Immediately after injection, the peak net influx rate of MIBG to myocardium was significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced in both diabetic groups. At 6 hr after MIBG injection, the MIBG uptake of the myocardium was significantly (P less than 0.05) smaller in the ANP+ group than in the control group. In the ANP- group, the MIBG uptake of the myocardium was between that of the ANP+ group and that of the control group. Our data show that reduced myocardial MIBG accumulation is associated with autonomic dysfunction in diabetic patients, but it can occur to a lesser extent also in diabetic patients without apparent autonomic neuropathy. The measurement of the myocardial MIBG accumulation is a promising new method to detect cardiac sympathetic nervous dysfunction in diabetic patients.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1991

Cardiotoxicity of epirubicin and doxorubicin: a double-blind randomized study.

24 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma were randomized into two multidrug regimens including either epirubicin (N = 12) or doxorubicin (N = 12) to establish the cardiotoxicity of each treatment modality. At cumulative doses of 400-500 mg/m2 left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at rest determined by radionuclide angiocardiography decreased significantly more in the doxorubicin (-15 +/- 11%) than in the epirubicin group (0 +/- 13%, p less than 0.005). During epirubicin therapy no clinically significant cardiotoxicity developed, but a decrease larger than 10% in LVEF was seen in 4 of 12 patients at a mean cumulative level of 450 mg/m2. During doxorubicin therapy 1 patient developed a heart failure at a cumulative level of 200 mg/m2 and, altogether, in 7 patients LVEF decreased more than 10%. The monitoring of cardiac toxicity is imperative in patients treated with doxorubicin and is advisable if the patient is expected to receive epirubicin at more than 450 mg/m2.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1991

Effect of hemodilution on maximal oxygen consumption, blood lactate response to exercise and cerebral blood flow in subjects with a high-affinity hemoglobin.

10 subjects with Hb Linköping (beta 36 Pro greater than Thr), a high-affinity hemoglobin variant, with a P50 of 2.2 kPa (16.5 mm Hg) were investigated before and 3-4 days after normovolemic hemodilution. Blood hemoglobin concentration decreased from 176 +/- 13 (SD) to 146 +/- 15 g l-1 and the red cell volume from 2.77 +/- 0.83 to 2.23 +/- 0.67 l. Maximal oxygen consumption decreased slightly by 2.7 +/- 3.8 ml min-1 kg-1 and maximal exercise power by 11 +/- 23 W; these changes were, however, not statistically significant. Maximal heart rate was unchanged (-1.1 +/- 6.4 beats min-1) while submaximal heart rate was consistently increased on comparable loads after hemodilution compared to before. The exercise ECG was normal both before and after hemodilution. Capillary lactate levels at exercise were always higher after hemodilution than before. Cerebral blood flow was normal both before and after hemodilution in all subjects but one who had a high flow. The grey matter blood flow increased slightly but significantly by 8.6 +/- 10.3 ml min-1 100 g-1 from before to after hemodilution. The results indicate that subjects with Hb Linköping have only limited benefit from their increased blood hemoglobin concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effect of induction of general anesthesia for cesarean section on intervillous blood flow.

Intervillous blood flow was measured by a new intravenous 133Xe method before and during induction of general anesthesia for cesarean section in 10 healthy mothers. The flow values showed a highly significant decrease (p less than 0.001) (35 per cent on an average) at the time of anesthesia compared with the control values. The impairment was observed in all the cases. The role of the maternal changes in hemodynamic parameters and acid-base balance as a background of this decrease is discussed.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1979

Quantitative radiocardiographic evaluation of cardiac dynamics in man at rest and during exercise.

113Inm radiocardiography in conjunction with a gamma camera and a digital computer is applied to measurements of cardiac output, stroke volume, ejection fraction, end-diastolic volume, pulmonary blood volume, pulmonary transfer time and dispersion both at rest and during muscular exercise. A modified gamma function is used in calculations of radiocardiographic curves. In twelve supine male subjects the maximal increase of cardiac output was 220%, stroke volume 30%, ejection fraction 15%, and pulmonary blood volume 30%. The present method provides a non-invasive tool for cardiovascular examinations during exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Pulmonary capillary pressure and the exercise test].

In the present work with radiocardiography the change of pulmonary capillary pressure as well as cross correlations of stroke index, cardiac index, pulmonary blood volume, pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary dispersion volume which reflects pulmonary capillary volume have been studied during muscular exercise. With increase in cardiac output the mathematical estimation showed decrease in pulmonary capillary pressure while stroke index, pulmonary blood volume and pulmonary dispersion volume increased. The pulmonary arterial pressure also rose but this increase was insignificant. The estimated decrease in pulmonary capillary pressure might be due to decreased resistance, a consequence of recruitment of new capillaries and of increase of cross sectional area of pulmonary vasculature. The radiocardiographic method used here appears to be suitable in exercise studies, and it may further be applicable in clinical studies, e.g. in evaluation of left ventricular failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Radionuclide diagnosis of venous angioma.

Venous angioma is a rare vascular anomaly of the central nervous system. Pathologically, it resembles arteriovenous malformation, but the vascular changes are seen only in the veins. In the present case, the lesion was seen better with dynamic rather than static radionuclide examination. In a computerized dynamic study, the circulation time in the lesion was significantly prolonged compared with the circulation time in the symmetrical area of the contralateral hemisphere. The peak of the time-activity curve also appeared later in the lesion area than in the symmetrical contralateral area. Thus the use of the computerized gamma camera is useful in the diagnosis of venous angioma and the method seems to have some differential diagnostic possibilities.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Placental blood flow during caesarean section under lumbar extradural analgesia.

The effect on intervillous blood flow of lumbar extradural analgesia for Caesarean section was studied in nine healthy women using xenon-133. Extradural anaesthesia was performed with lignocaine 1 1/2% 16--20 ml with adrenaline 5 microgram ml-1. Impairment of placental blood flow during the block was observed in seven patients, but the mean decrease (13% from the control value) was not statistically significant. The most notable decrease in intervillous blood flow occurred in two patients with simulateous arterial hypotension.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1978

Effect of segmental extradural analgesia on placental blood flow during normal labour.

Placental blood flow was measured during the first stage of normal labour using a xenon-133 clearance technique before and after segmental extradural analgesia. Analgesia was produced with 0.5% plain bupivacaine in eight patients and with 0.5% bupivacaine--adrenaline in 10 patients. Segmental extradural analgesia with a small dose (20 mg) of bupivacaine did not change placental blood flow significantly. The addition of adrenaline 20 microgram produced no effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

An intravenous 133Xe method for measuring regional distribution of placental blood flow.

A new method for measuring regional distribution of placental blood flow is presented. After 2-5 mCi of 133Xe saline has been injected intravenously, the counts over the placenta are registered with a scintillation camera interfaced with a digital data storage and television readout system. Using "area of interest" technique, time activity curves are obtained for different regions. Analysis of the curves is based on two-exponential curve fitting. In normal pregnancy the mean intervillous flow in 16 healthy women was 125 ml/min/100 ml and myometrial flow 17 ml/min/100 g. The intervillous flow in the central part of the placenta was 55% higher than in the marginal parts. The myometrial flow in the placental area was nearly the same as outside the placenta.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effect of fenoterol and isoxsuprine on myometrial and intervillous blood flow during late pregnancy.

The use of beta-adrenergic agonists in high-risk pregnancies has shown evidence of favorable effects on the fetus. Intravenous injections of 133Xe were given to evaluate the effects of short-term administration of fenoterol (3 microgram/min) and isoxsuprine (150 migrogram/min) on the intervillous and myometrial blood flow in a series of 48 women during the last trimester of pregnancy. Both fenoterol and isoxsuprine treatment increased the maternal heart rate significantly. There was a significant rise in myometrial blood flow when fenoterol was given, but the intervillous blood flow did not change significantly during the administration of either isoxsuprine or fenoterol. Previous oral isoxsuprine treatment did not diminish the cardiac effect of intravenous fenoterol, but the improvement in myometrial blood flow was eliminated. This result indicates that beta-adrenergic agonists may have a specific dilatational effect on the myometrial blood vessels. From the hemodynamic point of view, the beta-adrenergic agonists have a limited value in the treatment of chronic fetal asphyxia or intrauterine fetal growth retardation.

Ethanolamines↗
PubMed1977

Hemodynamic effects of oral contraceptives during exercise.

The effects of a combined oral contraceptive pill on female hemodynamics during exercise were studied in 14 young, healthy women. The increase in blood volume, stroke volume, and cardiac output during exercise was significantly greater during combined oral contraceptive therapy than when the patients were not taking the pill. The use of combined oral contraceptive pills may be advantageous to the physical fitness of female athletes.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

An intravenous isotope method for measuring regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and volume (rCBV).

The regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), intial slope index (ISI), transfer time (th) and volume (rCBV) were measured simultaneously in 43 hospital patients using a 133Xe intravenous injection method and quantitative dynamic 99Tcm brain scintigraphy. The measurements were made with a gamma camera and the data processing interfaced with a small digital computer. The following mean values and standard deviations were obtained from 50 control hemispheres standardized to the age of 40 years: (formular): see article. Good agreement was found between the blood flow values determined from the intra-arterial and intravenous injection techniques.

Adolescent↗