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Biomedical subjects

J Kozumplík

Publications and source records attributed to J Kozumplík.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Wavelet transform in electrocardiography--data compression.

An application of the wavelet transform to electrocardiography is described in the paper. The transform is used as a first stage of a lossy compression algorithm for efficient coding of rest ECG signals. The proposed technique is based on the decomposition of the ECG signal into a set of basic functions covering the time-frequency domain. Thus, non-stationary character of ECG data is considered. Some of the time-frequency signal components are removed because of their low influence to signal characteristics. Resulting components are efficiently coded by quantization, composition into a sequence of coefficients and compression by a run-length coder and a entropic Huffman coder. The proposed wavelet-based compression algorithm can compress data to average code length about 1 bit/sample. The algorithm can be also implemented to a real-time processing system when wavelet transform is computed by fast linear filters described in the paper.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1990

[Relation of heat resistance tests and sperm survival to pregnancy and fertility in sows].

Sperm of 28 boars of the Landrace breed was evaluated with the help of the thermoresistance test (TRT). The principle of the TRT is that the sample of fresh sperm is left in a 38 degrees C bath for 120 min and after that time the activity of the sperm is evaluated. 308 ejaculates were evaluated in this way and 1342 sows were inseminated by these ejaculates after a short storage. The highest conception rate was stated after insemination with the sperm whose activity was above 50% at the end of the TRT. 366 of 400 sows became pregnant, i.e. 82.43%, whereas out of 370 sows inseminated with sperm whose activity was 0-30% at the end of the TRT only 269 conceived, i.e. 72.70%; difference was statistically highly significant. No statistically significant difference was recorded between the fertility (number of piglets per one litter) and the TRT results. A significant dependence was observed between the sperm survival after 72 hours and conception (P less than 0.05). The same significant relation was found between survival within 72 hours and TRT in fresh ejaculates. This justified the recommendation to introduce the TRT among the test used for evaluation of the quality of fresh boar ejaculate.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Morphological changes and sperm decapitation as a cause of fertility disorders in breeding stock].

Decapitation of spermatozoa was recorded in a young boar as a consequence of epididymitis and in a young dog (mastiff) and a young bull (Brown Swiss breed) as a congenital cause of the subfertility and sterility of the affected animal. Decapitation of spermatozoa as a consequence of an inflammation led to the sterility of the breeding male and affected 52 to 68% of the spermatozoa. The motility of the spermatozoa was reduced considerably (10 to 20%) and the flagella were not observed to move without the heads. In cases of congenital decapitation of spermatozoa, sperm motility in the dog and bull was reduced, but the flagella were observed to move without the heads. Decapitation affected 15 to 42% of the spermatozoa and most frequently it was accompanied by a narrowing of head base and by the presence of a protoplasmic drop, located proximally. Further developmental changes, affecting the flagella of the sperms, were observed in the dog. The mentioned morphological changes led to infertility in the dog and to a substantial reduction of fertility in the bull. After natural mating of the bull with a superovulated cow, the ten eggs obtained included four blastocysts, two were degenerated, and four were unfertilized.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Migration of protoplasmic droplets and phagocytosis of damaged sperm during their passage through the efferent ducts in boars and bulls].

Seventeen gonad pairs of boars and ten gonad pairs of bulls were examined to evaluate the migration of protoplasmic droplets and the phagocytosis of defective spermatozoa. The material for a microscopic investigation of secretions was collected from two sites in the testis and from seven sites in the epididymis. The greatest motion of protoplasmic droplets was recorded in the caput epididymidis, although the migration of droplets from the proximal section of the connective part of the flagellum towards the distal parts could also be observed as far as in the cauda epididymidis in both animals. A proximally located droplet still occurred in the cauda epididymidis in 4.5% of the spermatozoa of boars and in 1.9% of those of bulls. Absent mitochondrial spirals or swollen connective parts were observed in the imprints of testicular tissue in almost 50% of the spermatozoa whereas in the secretion of efferent ducts they were observed only in 0.3% of bull spermatozoa and about 3% of boar spermatozoa. No such defects were recorded in the epididymis head and tail in either of the two species. The marked reduction in the number of defective spermatozoa without mitochondrial spirals in the secretion of efferent ducts and after passage through the caput epididymidis testifies to the phagocytic ability of the epithelium of this part of efferent ducts.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[The effect of Oestrophan Spofa (synthetic analog of prostaglandin F2 alpha) added to the insemination dose on pregnancy and fertility in sows].

Laboratory trials were conducted to study the effect of various concentrations of cloprostenol on the motility and morphological changes of the acrosomes of boar spermatozoa. As found, a cloprostenol concentration of 250 ng per ml of semen to 2500 ng per ml of diluted semen has no adverse effect on the motility of spermatozoa and on the morphological changes of their acrosomes. The concentration of 5000 ng of cloprostenol (in the Oestrophan Spofa product) per 1 ml of diluted semen negatively influences the motility of spermatozoa. An insemination dose of 100 ml of diluted sperm treated with 500 ng of cloprostenol was used for the artificial insemination of 152 sows; 166 sows of the same farm inseminated with untreated semen were used as controls. No gilts were included in the trial. Out of the 152 test sows, 113 conceived after the first insemination, i.e. 74.35%, and the average litter size was 10.04 piglets. In the control group, 125 sows delivered their litters, i.e. 75.30% of the total number, the average litter size being 9.96 piglets. Comparing the reproduction parameters of the experimental and control groups it can be said that the treatment of an insemination dose with 500 ng of cloprostenol immediately before insemination had no influence on the pregnancy rate and on the size of litters.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Changes in proacrosin levels during preservation of ram semen].

The percentual change in the content of pro-acrosin taking place in ram semen preserved for a short and long time was examined in the period from April to October. Two diluents for keeping semen at the temperature of 16 degrees C and one diluent for keeping semen at 3 to 4 degrees C were used in short-time preservation. The content of pro-acrosin was measured 2, 8 and 12 hours after dilution. The lactoso-yolk diluent and the diluent after Milovanov (1980) were used for cryopreservation. The content of pro-acrosin was examined before and after semen freezing. In short-time preservation, no statistically significant decrease of pro-acrosin content was demonstrated in the H Milch diluent (Peter, 1975) at the storage temperature of 16 degrees C and in the diluent after Milovanov (1980) at the temperature of 3 to 4 degrees C. In the diluent prepared after Milovanov (1980) a significant decrease of pro-acrosin content during preservation was recorded at the storage temperature of 16 degrees C. When the short-time preservation diluents were compared, significant differences in pro-acrosin content were found between them. In the long-time preservation diluents a significant difference in pro-acrosin content was found before and after semen freezing; the difference between the short- and long-time preservation diluents was also significant. A positive correlation was found between sperm activity and pro-acrosin content.

Acrosin↗
PubMed1985

[Qualitative changes and the fertilizing capacity of sperm after 6 years of preservation of boar semen].

Sperm motility, acrosome morphology, changes determined by the vital-lethal test and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentration in semen plasma were evaluated in the semen of four boars; the semen was stored for six years. No statistically significant changes in the percentage of motile spermatozoa were indicated when sperm motility was evaluated after four and six years of semen storage in liquid nitrogen. Neither did the fluctuation of the changes found on the basis of the vital-lethal test go beyond statistically insignificant values. After semen sample thawing in the BTS medium, the motility of spermatozoa was found to be somewhat higher than after thawing in the INRA-ITP medium, but after the termination of the thermoresistance test both media appeared to be equally effective. The AST level of the semen samples stored for four years was just slightly up on the initial values. After thawing in the BTS medium, AST level increased by 0.03 microcatal per litre of semen plasma, and in the INTRA-ITP medium by 0.06 microcatal per litre of semen plasma. The insemination of five sows with the semen stored for six years results in conception of two sows, i. e. 40%, and the average litter size was 7.5 piglets. It can be derived from the results that six years of boar semen storage in liquid nitrogen cause no further substantial changes in the structural and functional characteristics of spermatozoa.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[The thermoresistance test of spermatozoa and fertility in bulls].

The spermiograms of 17 bulls were studied and 160 ejaculates were subjected to the thermoresistance test (38 degrees C) to evaluate sperm survival after thawing. After the first insemination of 10 682 cows, statistically significant differences were found in the fertilizing capacity of the ejaculates with various values of the thermo-resistance test. The best sperm fertilizing capacity was obtained in the ejaculates which retained progressive movement in 40% of the spermatozoa after two hours of exposure to the thermoresistance test. Out of the 1496 cows inseminated, 971 (i.e. 64.9%) got in calf, whereas after the insemination of 4216 cows with semen where only 30% of spermatozoa moved progressively at the end of the test, the number of pregnant dams was 2403, i.e. 56.98%; this difference is statistically significant (p0.05). At a lower sperm activity in the test the fertility after the first insemination was even lower. Although there was some difference in the individual fertility of bulls (54 to 67%), a positive relationship between the results of the thermoresistance test and fertility was recorded in all bulls.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[The effect of apramycin on bacterial contamination and the survival of boar semen during a short preservation period].

264 ejaculate samples taken from seven boars were tested for the bacteriostatic action of apramycin and for its effect on some sperm quality parameters during 96-hour storage. Apralan soluble powder, produced by Elanco Products Limited, was used in the trials at the concentrations of 2.5 to 500 mg per 1000 ml of diluent. The preparation was evaluated according to sperm motility during storage, according to the concentration pattern of hydrogen ions, morphological changes in spermatozoa, thermoresistance test, bacteriological tests and other examinations. The concentrations of 200 to 250 mg of apramycin in combination with 500 000 i. u. of G-penicillin potassium salt had a statistically significantly more favourable effect on the survival of boar sperm, as compared with the combination of streptomycin with penicillin.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[The effect of modifiers of surface tension on the morphology and motility of boar sperm after thawing].

The comparison of the protective action of the diluent used for the freezing of boar ejaculate with the effect of the same diluent enriched with the chemical denoted as Orvus Es Paste (OEP) or Lauryl sodium sulphate (LSS) showed that semen samples with OEP had a statistically significantly higher percentage of progressively moving spermatozoa in comparison with control (P = 0.01). Sperm motility in semen samples with LSS was better than in control only after three- or six-hour exposure of thawed samples to the temperature of 38 degrees C. In comparison with the control diluent, a statistically significantly higher number of spermatozoa with intact acrosome (P = 0.01) was found in all samples with detergents; this remained true even after six hours of exposure to 38 degrees C. The evaluation of the effect of OEP and LSS indicates that after thawing the motility of spermatozoa was higher in OEP-enriched sperms (P = 0.01) whereas the numbers of spermatozoa with intact acrosome were higher (though insignificantly) is samples of semen with LSS. After six hours of exposure to 38 degrees C the differences in the evaluated criteria reached an equalized state. The diluent with twice as much yolk as in the control diluent had varying results, although the protective effect of LSS was also observed in this case.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Level of plasma testosterone in relation to age, gonad size and sexual libido in bulls].

The level of plasma testosterone (PT) was determined by the direct RIA method with tritium-labelled testosterone. An average level of 2.25 +/- 1.46 nmol PT/l was found in 57 bullocks old 47 to 106 days. Until the age of 67 days, the level of PT was 1.11 +/- 0.69 nmol/l and from the 68th to the 110th day 2.74 +/- 1.32 nmol. In the period from the 7th to the 13th month of age, 108 bulls were found to have the PT level of 23.04 +/- 19.81 nmol/l, which was a statistically significant increase (P = 0.01) as compared with the prepubertal period. In 154 bulls old two years and older, the PT level was found to be 21.72 +/- 14.78 nmol/l. In comparison with bulls old 7 to 13 months, no statistically significant difference was recorded in PT levels. Neither was found any correlation between the gonad size and PT level and any relation between libido and PT level. In the bulls having no libido the PT level was insignificantly higher than in the bulls with pronounced libido sexualis. In all the studied groups of bulls, a comparatively high variation was found in PT values.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

[Levels of testosterone and 17-beta estradiol in the seminal plasma of bulls and boars].

The levels of testosterone (T) and 17-beta-estradiol (E2) in seminal plasma were determined by the direct RIA method with tritium-labelled testosterone and 17-beta-estradiol. Testosterone was determined in 47 ejaculates and E2 in 132 ejaculates of seven bulls whose age ranged from 10 to 26 months, and in 60 ejaculates of two breeding boars old 20 months. The seminal plasma of bulls was found to contain 2.09 +/- 1.67 nmol/l testosterone and 2.75 +/- 1.94 nmol/l E2. Without respect to the age of the sires, the marginal values of the studied steroids showed a comparatively high fluctuation so that the average values are not very different between individual animals. No relation was found between the level of steroids and the concentration of fructose; this applies to the fertile bulls as well as to the bull suffering from epididymitis with the formation of epididymal cysts. Breeding boars had 0.338 nmol/ E2 (+/- 0.3) and 6.40 +/- 4.01 nmol/l testosterone in their seminal plasma. When the obtained values are recalculated to an average ejaculate volume, 5 ml of the seminal plasma of bulls will contain about 0.013 nmol E2 and 0.010 nmol T and 300 ml of the seminal plasma of boars will contain about 0.101 nmol E2 and 1.920 nmol T.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Size of pellets and individual properties of boar semen in relation to the number of motile spermatozoa following defrosting].

The second fraction of the ejaculate of five boars of the Landrace breed was used for the experiments. Non-diluted semen was kept in hydrogen atmosphere for three hours at + 5 degrees C; then it was frozen in solid carbon dioxide into 0.1 ml, 2.0 ml, and 5.0 ml pellets and in liquid nitrogen vapours into the shape of disk or cylinder 5 ml in volume. The pellets were de-frozen on a teflon pan at 42 degrees C without addition of any other diluent. Ejaculate in which at least 25% of the spermatozoa were motile was considered to be usable. No statistically significant difference was found between the motility of spermatozoa frozen in the 0.1 ml and 2.0 ml pellets, but it can be said that on an average the motility of the spermatozoa was lower in larger pellets; this could be observed mainly in the pellets with the volume of 5.0 ml. Large differences were revealed in the freezability of the semen of different boars, irrespective of the size of the frozen pellet. Insemination of 38 gilts with semen from 2.0 ml pellets gave a 57,8 % concentration rate (22 gilts) and the average litter size was 8.25 piglets.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of various solvents and temperatures on the survival of boar spermatozoa].

The second fraction of boar ejaculate was thinned with six differently treated diluents of the Beltsville 3 type and with four diluents of the Ejadyl type containing Chelaton 3. All thinned sperm was kept at the temperature of +4 degrees C and +16 degrees C for 72 hours. At both test temperatures throughout the period of storage, diluents no. 4 and 9 (Beltsville type) and no. 8 (Ejadyl type) were found to be the best. No statistically significant difference was revealed between the mentioned diluents as to their effect. After 72 hours, progressive movement was observed, on an average, in more than 50% of spermatozoa in samples with the mentioned diluents.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of the standard of hygiene in the care for breeding boars and of the technic of semen collection on the number of pathogens in the boar ejaculate].

The microbiological examination of 48 ejaculates obtained by an artificial vagina revealed an average number of 178 000 germs per 1 ml of semen (1900 - 758 000). When the technique was changed, the manual method being employed, 23 ejaculates were obtained from the same boars and the microbiological examination revealed 44 200 germs per 1 ml of semen, on an average. In the second part of the trial 85 ejaculates obtained by an artificial vagina from 17 breeding boars were subject to microbiological examination. The average number of germs found in this case was 99 377 (10 000 - 400 000). When boar body was washed with water or with water and soap and rubbed with a sterile cloth, prior to each collection, the number of germs per 1 ml of semen decreased to 6071 (0 - 40 000). The reduction of the number of germs in the ejaculate of washed boars is statistically highly significant, as compared with semen collection from boars without washing. The number of fungus-bearing ejaculates decreased from the original 39.9% to 9.3%.

Animals↗