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Biomedical subjects

J Korpas

Publications and source records attributed to J Korpas.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Analysis of the cough sound frequency in adults and children with bronchial asthma.

It is well known that the frequency distribution of cough sound varies in different pathological conditions. Its identification could have diagnostic value. In this study the cough sound frequency in adults (n=20, 51.7 +/- 11 yrs), children (n=21, 11.8 +/- 0.4 yrs) asthmatics and healthy volunteers (n=25, 21 yrs) was explored. All patients were suffering from bronchial asthma. They were on a stable therapeutic regime and in a quiet status. Voluntary cough sound was recorded by a microphone and a tape recorder an ddigitally processed. Overlapping technique and Fast Fourier Transform were used to estimate the sound spectra. The records were smoothed by the method of Pascal triangle. They demonstrate the mean values of cough sound spectra. The registered pseudo three-dimensional plots of cough sound frequency (1 K spectra as function in time) of adults showed that the intensity of frequencies increased from 100 to 900 Hz in 3-4 waves. These frequencies afterwards decreased and between 1 to 2 kHz a smaller elevation was present. The spectra of children resembled to the spectrum of adults but had a smoother course. The spectra of asthmatics had some specificity and differed from the spectrum of healthy volunteers.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

The effect of the pulsatile electromagnetic field in children suffering from bronchial asthma.

From the bibliography it is well known that pulsatile electromagnetic field has an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. It causes vasodilatation, myorelaxation, hyper-production of connective tissue and activation of the cell membrane. Therefore our aim was to study the possible therapeutic effect of pulsatile electromagnetic field in asthmatic children. Forty-two children participating in this study were divided in two groups. The 1st group consisting of 21 children (11 females, 10 males, aged 11.8 +/- 0.4 yr) was treated by pulsatile electromagnetic field and pharmacologically. The 2nd group served as control, consisting also of 21 children (11 females, 10 males, aged 11.7 +/- 0.3 yr) and was treated only pharmacologically. Therapeutic effect of the pulsatile electromagnetic field was assessed on the basis of pulmonary tests performed by means of a Spirometer 100 Handi (Germany). The indexes FVC, IVC, ERV, IRV, FEV1, FEV1/FVC%, MEF75,50,25, PEF, PIF and the changes of the flow-volume loop were also registered. The pulsatile electromagnetic field was applied by means of the device MTU 500H, Therapy System (Brno, Czech Republic) for 5 days, two times daily for 30 minutes (magnetic induction: 3 mT, frequency: 4 Hz as recommended by the manufacturer). The results in children of the 1st group showed an improvement of FVC of about 70 ml, IVC of about 110 ml, FEV1 of about 80 ml, MEF75 of about 30 ml, PEF of about 480 ml, PIF of about 550 ml. The increases of ERV, IRV and FEV1/FVC and decreases of MEF25,50 were statistically insignificant. The results in the 2nd group were less clear. The flow-volume loop showed a mild improvement in 14 children. This improvement in the 2nd group was less significant. The clinical status of children and their mood became better. We believe that the pulsatile electro-magnetotherapy in children suffering from asthma is effective. On the basis of our results we can recommend it as a complementary therapy.

Asthma↗
PubMed2002

The effect of the pulsatile electromagnetic field in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma.

Pulsatile electromagnetotherapy (PETh) stimulates biological tissues and processes; it modulates ion exchange across cell membranes and thus regulates the tone of smooth muscles. On the basis of these effects we hypothetized that PETh might treat COPD and bronchial asthma. We examined 117 (61 females, 56 males) adult patients who were decided in 4 groups. The 1st consisted of 16 patients with COPD who were treated by PETh and pharmacologically. The 2nd group (control) consisted of 24 patients with COPD who were treated only with medicaments. The 3rd group consisted of 37 asthmatics, treated by PETh and medicaments. The 4th group (control) consisted of 40 asthmatics treated only with medicaments. The effectiveness of PETh was assessed by lung function tests, which were performed using a Spirometer 100 Handi (Germany). We measured FVCex, FEV1, percentage of FEV1/FVCex, MEF25, 50, 75, PEF and registered the flow-volume loops. PETh was applied by apparatus MTU 500H (Therapy System, Czech Republic). It was administered 10 doses; once daily for 20 min, with a frequency of 4.5 Hz and a magnetic induction 3 T. The initial 3 doses were about 25% lower then the later doses. PETh was very effective in patients with COPD. The measured indexes improved about 200-660 ml or ml x s(-1), except FVC. PETh was less effective in asthmatics. Most indices improved without statistical significance, about 50-620 ml or ml x s(-1). The indices of FEV1/FVC and MEF25 deteriorated. The changes in controls without PETh were very small. (Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 19.)

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The expiration reflex from the vocal folds.

The authors present their 30 years' experience with expiration reflex. The reflex can be elicited from vocal folds by mechanical, chemical or electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve of man and laboratory animals, except mice and rats. It manifests itself by a short, forcible expiratory effort without a preceding inspiration which is indispensable for cough effort. The role of expiration reflex is to prevent penetration of foreign bodies into airways, expelling phlegm and detritus from subglottal area. The initial inspiration before expiration is undesired and could lead to inspiration pneumonia. The reflex is well known to laryngologists as '"laryngeal cough." Its receptors are small in number, localised mainly in medial margin of vocal folds deep in mucosa which can explain their stability in pathological conditions of the larygx. Afferentiation of the reflex is via laryngeal nerve similarly to sneezing and cough. Expiration reflex is not co-ordinated by a single "centre" but rather by a network system in the brain stem. Its motor pattern is supposedly produced by "multifunctional" population of medullar neurones in Botzinger complex and the rostral ventral respiratory group involved also in the genesis of breathing and cough. However, in cats also other neurones may play a vital role in production, shaping and mediation of the motor pattern of respiratory reflex, localised in rostral pons, lateral tegmental field or in the raphe medullar midline.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

The sensitivity of tussiphonography for assessing the effectiveness of treatment.

Our previous studies have demonstrated that tussiphonogram is suitable not only for the detection of pathological condition in the respiratory tract but also for treatment effectiveness assessment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibilities of tussiphonography in detection of already little pathological changes in the airways and lungs. Therefore the changes of voluntary cough sound indexes were compared with pulmonary function tests in selected group of asthmatics before and after a pulsatile electromagnetic therapy in which the effect of therapy on pulmonary function tests was minimal. After magnetotherapy in 18 patients with increased expiratory forced lung capacity by 7.3% and increased peak inspiratory flow by 31.7% in average the voluntary cough sound intensity decreased by 37.8%, the sound duration shortened by 11% and the sound pattern showed the tendency to normalization. The improvement of mentioned cough indexes was absent in 17 patients who were treated by magnetotherapy too, but at the same time suffered from respiratory viral infection and in 22 patients treated only with climatotherapy and antiasthmatics. Changes of flow-volume loops in patients were not in the close relation to other followed indices. The correlation analysis showed a functional connection in relative differences of cough sound indices and some pulmonary function tests. The results confirmed the suitability of tussiphonography to indicate even mild pathological changes in respiratory tract. (Fig. 4, Ref. 21.)

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Personal experience in the use of magnetotherapy in diseases of the musculoskeletal system].

Therapeutic application of pulsatile electromagnetic field in disorders of motility is recently becoming more frequent. Despite this fact information about the effectiveness of this therapy in the literature are rare. The aim of this study was therefore the treatment of 576 patients who suffered from vertebral syndrome, gonarthritis and coxarthritis. For application of pulsatile electromagnetic field MTU 500H Therapy System was used. Pulsatile electromagnetic field had a frequency valve of 4.5 mT in all studied groups and magnetic induction valve 12.5-18.75 mT in the 1st group. In the 2nd group the intensity was 5.8-7.3 mT and in the 3rd group it was 7.6-11.4 mT. The time of inclination/declination in the 1st group was 20/60 ms, in the 2nd group 40/80 ms and in the 3rd group 40/90 ms. The electromagnetic field was applied during 10 days. In the 1st-3rd day during 20 minutes and in the 4th-10th day during 30 minutes. The therapy was repeated in every patient after 3 months with values of intensity higher by 50%. In the time of pulsatile electro-magnetotherapy the patients were without pharmacotherapy or other physiotherapy. The application of pulsatile electromagnetic field is a very effective therapy of vertebral syndrome, gonarthritis and coxarthritis. The results have shown that the therapy was more effective in patients suffering from gonarthrosis, than in patients with vertebral syndrome and least effective in patients with coxarthosis. Owing to regression of oedema and pain relieve the motility of patients improved. (Tab. 3, Ref. 19.)

Back Pain↗
PubMed1990

Spectra of the voluntary first cough sounds.

The voluntary cough sounds recorded according to Korpas and Sadlonova-Korpasova were sampled at a frequency of 20.000Hz and spectra of six consecutive windows of 50ms were estimated. To digitize signals an autotrigger mode was used. The subjects were healthy volunteers as well as patients with chronic bronchitis, asthma, bronchial carcinoma (growing intraluminarly in the 1st or in the 2nd or in the 3rd order bronchi), emphysema, laryngeal nerve paralyzis or laryngotomy. The duration of averaged cough sounds of patients was longer than that of healthy volunteers. The mean power of the spectra in the successive windows showed different patterns in the same group. In the third window of healthy volunteers (0.10 s-0.15 s) a high modulus broad bandwidth (between 1-2 kHz) spectrum was found which was considered as a bronchial "flute", and was probably related to the lowest resistance as well as to the velocity of airflow of cough manoeuvre. This pattern appeared with a delay and/or it was changed in the diseased groups compared to the healthy volunteers. Due to this delay, the spectra of the fifth window (0.20 s-0.25 s) showed somewhat higher harmonics (400-800 Hz) in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), carcinoma and laryngeal nerve paralyzis than in healthy volunteers. In emphysematous patients in the first (0.00-0.05 s), in the third (0.10-0.15 s) and in the fifth (0.20-0.25 s) windows the fundamental frequency was low (156-176 Hz) compared to that of the other groups. The paralyzed vocal cords functioning as an added resistance to the expiratory effort caused a phase-shift in the cough patterns, similarly to that seen in COPD patients. Due to the cannula, the spectra of patients having laryngotomy had a lot of high harmonics. They also had peaks nearly identical to that of bronchitic patients because they suffered from serious chronic bronchitis. It was found that by examination the cough spectra of series of voluntary cough sound signals it was possible to distinguish healthy volunteers from patients. This examination would therefore be useful for screening of bronchial diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Electrophysiological evaluation of the intensity of protective respiratory reflexes].

The impulse activity of bulbar respiratory neurons and the electrical activity of main respiratory muscles were studied stereotaxically and electromyographically on 21 male and female cats anesthetized with pentobarbital (40 mg/kg, i.p.) during defensive respiratory (expiratory and coughing) reflexes. During stimulation of laryngopharyngeal and tracheobronchial receptors, a pronounced focus of excitation appears in the bulbar respiratory centre, its peripheral manifestation being powerful electrical activity of expiratory muscles (expiratory reflex) or of both expiratory and inspiratory muscles (coughing). Respiratory defensive reflexes are very powerful and stable and are retained in hypercapnia and hypoxia.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The origin of cough sounds.

We have analyzed the origin of the first and second cough sounds recorded by tussiphonography. About 10,000 tussiphonograms were performed in about 1,000 healthy and diseased subjects. Changes in the first cough sound are due to pathological processes in the airways, for example, the presence of mucus or acute inflammatory disease. The first cough sound may then become divided. In bronchial asthma the first sound is also abnormal because of the narrowed airways. The origin of the second sound becomes clear by its absence in patients after laryngectomy or in those with paralysis of the vocal folds. The reappearance of the second cough sound may indicate rehabilitation of the vocal folds. With laryngotracheitis there is a pattern of multiple sounds. In patients with cough of psychogenic origin, the second sound is absent and cough sounds "bovine". Treatment of patients with bronchodilating drugs did not improve their pathological cough sounds in spite of improvement in airway obstruction.

Asthma↗
PubMed1987

Spectral analysis of cough sounds recorded with and without a nose clip.

The voluntary cough sounds of healthy volunteers, patients with chronic rhinitis, chronic rhinitis with bronchial asthma and asthma were recorded with and without a nose clip. A gated series of signals of the first cough sound lasting 200 ms was analysed by a system with a 20 ms delay of the first signal. In the case of filtered cough sounds, low-cut digitally, the mean values of averaged spectra of the healthy volunteers showed a first peak around 350 Hz, similar to the expiratory spectra of respiratory sounds. Second and third harmonics were also identified. The mean values of averaged spectra from the patients with airway disease differed significantly in the range of low frequency components. The upper airways work as narrow-band acoustic filters determining the harmonic contents of speech as well as those of cough sounds. To minimize these effects for acoustic analytical purposes, the application of a nose clip is suggested to find the cough harmonics related to those of pulmonary sounds. The voluntary cough sounds contain diagnostic information, but to build up a quantitative, diagnostic, decision-making system, further investigations as well as standardization of recording and analysis are necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Respiratory center function in the course of the cough reflex in normoxia and hypoxia].

Impulse activity of the medulla respiratory neurons and electrical activity of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles were studied prior to, during and after coughing fit in anesthetized cats under conditions of normoxia and hypoxia. Simultaneously the intrapleural pressure was recorded and O2, paCO2, SaO2 were determined in arterial blood. Massive excitation of inspiratory and expiratory neurons as well as considerable augmentation of respiratory muscles electrical activity occurred during coughing fit. Soon after the fit the activity of neurons and muscles restored to initial level. During acute hypoxia the coughing fit shortened, the coughing seizures weakened as compared with the normoxic conditions. After the coughing fit, in result of hyperventilation during the fit, the paCO2 sharply dropped in arterial blood, the neuronal volley activity and the muscles rhythmic activity became disorganized, and apnea occurred. Within 20-40 sec rhythmic volley activity of the medulla inspiratory neurons disrupted the apnea.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The antitussive actions of the drug Ru 20201 given as an aerosol to cats.

The effect of the drug Ru 20201 (1,2,3,4,4a,9b-hexahydro,-8,9b-dimethyl-4-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propionamido]dibenzofuran-3-one upon mechanically-evoked cough from the laryngopharyngeal and tracheobronchial areas in nine unanaesthetized cats has been examined. Inhalation of 2 ml of an aerosol of a 10% solution in water suppressed coughing for 30 min. The effect was greatest on the number of cough efforts. The expiratory component of cough was suppressed more than was the inspiratory one. The effect was greater on cough from the laryngopharyngeal than from the tracheobronchial area.

Aerosols↗