Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Koo

Publications and source records attributed to J Koo.

103 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the bile duct.

Three patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the bile duct are described. In two patients the tumor arose from the common hepatic duct. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct has not been previously reported. The clinical features and pathologic behavior of this rare type of tumor are similar to the usual biliary adenocarcinoma. The coexistence of Clonorchis sinensis infestation and primary pyogenic cholangitis raises the possibility of an etiologic association.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Immediate definitive surgery for perforated duodenal ulcers: a prospective controlled trial.

A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was conducted in 101 patients to evaluate the safety and benefits of immediate definitive surgery for perforated duodenal ulcers. These patients, who were judged by predefined criteria to be medically fit and to have perforations in chronic ulcers, were randomized to undergo simple closure (35 patients), truncal vagotomy and drainage (VD) (32 patients), or proximal gastric vagotomy with closure (PGV) (34 patients). Patients were followed with endoscopic assessment for up to 39 months. There was no mortality and only a few minor postoperative complications. At 39 months follow-up, the cumulative rates of recurrence were 63.3%, 11.8% and 3.8% after closure, VD, and PGV, respectively (p less than 0.001). With the exception of the one recurrence after PGV, all relapses were symptomatic, and eight of these 18 required reoperation. Relapse rates and Visick scores between VD and PGV were significantly different. Both safe as well as effective, immediate, nonresective, definitive operation is indicated for good-risk patients who have perforations in chronic duodenal ulcers.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Selective coating of gastric ulcer by tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate in the rat.

Controlled clinical trials have shown that tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate healed duodenal and gastric ulcers significantly better than placebo. One mechanism suggested is that it forms a protective coat at the ulcer base. We studied this coating action in rats with chronic gastric ulcers produced by a standardized technique for mucosal wounding at the fundoantral junction. Bismuth was identified by histochemical staining using Castel's reagent, the specificity of which was verified in vitro against 13 other metallic compounds and chemicals. Our results showed that tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate had a coating affinity for the ulcer base, but not for the adjacent normal mucosa. All rats treated with tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate 1, 2, 4, and 6 h previously, but not the control rats treated with water or those treated with four other bismuth compounds, manifested a layer of bismuth that coated the ulcer base. Light and electron microscopy of the tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate-treated ulcers--but not their controls-revealed an abundance of macrophages, which had ingested the bismuth. This unique bismuth coat may insulate the ulcer base from acid-pepsin digestion, while the influx of macrophages may expedite reparative processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Carcinoma of the gallbladder.

A retrospective study of 100 proved cases of primary carcinoma of the gallbladder admitted to the University Surgical Unit, University of Hong Kong, over a 20-year period was undertaken. The female to male ratio was 1.4 to 1. The peak incidence was in the seventh decade for the females and the sixth decade for the males. Preoperative diagnosis was made in 10 patients. "Curative" cholecystectomy was performed in 20 patients with a 5-year survival rate of 10 per cent. Palliative procedures were performed in 44 patients with a median survival of 8 weeks, which was not significantly different from that in the 30 patients who were not operated upon or had laparotomy and biopsy only. Radical resection was carried out in 6 patients, all of whom died in hospital. Gallstones were found in only 26 patients. The gallbladders of 3 patients had associated benign tumours, one of which had malignant transformation at multiple sites. One patient had chronic typhoid infection. The incidence of clonorchis infestation and primary pyogenic cholangitis in these 100 patients was not different from that of our general hospital population.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A series of hexahydro[1,4]oxazino[3,4-a]isoquinolines as potential neuroleptics.

The synthesis and stereochemistry of trans-N,N-diethyl-9,10-dimethoxy-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro[1,4]oxazino[3,4-a]isoquinoline-3-carboxamide hydrochloride (16) and a series of analogues are described. 16 and its (+) isomer had neuroleptic properties in the Sidman avoidance test in gerbils. A few closely related amides of the trans series were active but cis amides were inactive as neuroleptics.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Spontaneous perforation of the bile ducts in infancy.

The clinical features of spontaneous perforation of the bile ducts in infancy differ sufficiently from those of other causes of neonatal jaundice to allow early preoperative diagnosis as demonstrated by a report of this condition in a 6-week-old infant. Despite its rarity, the clinician should be aware of this entity because early recognition and surgery will ensure cure in almost all cases. The cause of spontaneous perforation of the bile ducts is unknown. Trauma, congenital weakness and abnormal bile are considered as possible etiologic factors.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

A human/mouse hybrid model for the study of human genetic factors influencing tumor cell growth.

Somatic cell hybridization (fusion) was carried out between cells of the murine lymphoma L-5178Y(r) and peripheral human lymphocytes. The L-5178Y(r) line is deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphorybosyl transferase (HGPRT). Using a selective medium system, it was possible to isolate hybrid cell clones having the complete complement of murine chromosomes as well as the human X chromosome on which the gene for HGPRT is located. This model system may be used to study the effect of the human X chromosome on the phenotype of the murine lymphoma.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A controlled study of human resting gastric mucosal blood flow by endoscopic laser-Doppler flowmetry.

We investigated regional variation in resting focal gastric mucosal blood flow obtained by endoscopic laser-Doppler flowmetry in patients with symptoms of dyspepsia or peptic ulcer (N = 12) and asymptomatic healthy volunteers (N = 6). Mucosal blood flow was measured for 1 min at the duodenum (first part), prepylorus, antrum and body (anterior and posterior walls), angularis, mid-greater curvature, fundus, and distal esophagus. At all sites, mean +/- SE blood flow in patients was 71.88% of the corresponding value in volunteers (1.15 +/- 0.10 and 1.60 +/- 0.13 volts, p less than 0.02, t test). In both groups, blood flow was highest in the fundus, followed by the body and lowest in the antrum; the angularis had a high blood flow, second only to the fundus. There was no correlation between age and blood flow. We conclude that regional variation in resting gastric mucosal blood flow exists in health and disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mometasone furoate 0.1%-salicylic acid 5% ointment versus mometasone furoate 0.1% ointment in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis: a multicenter study.

Topical corticosteroids and keratolytics are both used widely in the management of patients with psoriasis. A combination of the two types of agents may provide enhanced relief. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of the combination ointment mometasone furoate 0.1% plus salicylic acid 5% with that of mometasone furoate 0.1% ointment in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis vulgaris. A total of 408 patients were enrolled in this controlled, randomized, double-masked, parallel-group, multicenter comparison. Patients applied either mometasone furoate-salicylic acid ointment or mometasone furoate ointment alone to target lesions twice daily for 21 days. Severity of erythema, induration, and scaling were scored at baseline and at days 4, 8, 15, and 22. An evaluation of overall change in disease status of all treated lesions was performed at each follow-up visit. Adverse events were also monitored and scored, including signs of skin atrophy. Beginning on day 8, the combination of mometasone furoate-salicylic acid was significantly more effective than mometasone furoate alone, as indicated by the mean percentage of improvement in total disease scores, mean total disease sign scores, and the individual score for scaling. Similarly, the combination was more effective beginning on day 15, as indicated by the global evaluation of overall clinical response and individual scores for erythema and induration. Both treatments were well tolerated. Mometasone furoate-salicylic acid ointment provides more effective treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis than does mometasone furoate ointment alone and is safe and well tolerated.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Angiostrongylus (Parastrongylus) eosinophilic meningitis.

Angiostrongylus (Parastrongylus) cantonensis is the commonest cause of eosinophilic meningitis in the world. Infective third-stage larvae develop in slugs and snails. Humans are infected primarily in the central nervous system after ingesting an infected intermediate host. Damage by motile worms, inflammatory responses to foreign bodies, and possible toxicity of worm substances work in concert to produce the pathologic and clinical picture of neurologic angiostrongyliasis. This disease manifests itself by headache, paresthesias, generalized weakness, and occasionally visual disturbances and extraocular muscular paralysis. Eosinophilic pleocytosis is the major laboratory finding. Although the diagnosis of neurologic angiostrongyliasis is usually made clinically, serologic methods such as ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) can be helpful. Occasionally, living larvae can be identified histologically in the CSF, eye, or other tissue. There is no specific treatment for this disease. Corticosteroids may be useful to relieve increased intracranial pressure. The role of anthelmintic drugs, such as thiabendazole and ivermectin, is not yet known. The prognosis of neurologic angiostrongyliasis is usually good; however, fatal and chronic cases do occur. Appropriate preparation of food, control of mollusks and planarians, and elimination of rodents are important measures in limiting the further spread of eosinophilic meningitis caused by A. cantonensis.

Adolescent↗