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Biomedical subjects

J Kivastik

Publications and source records attributed to J Kivastik.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Feasibility of shortened methacholine challenge in preschool children.

The aim of our study was to assess the feasibility and safety of a recently suggested tripling-dose methacholine (Mch) challenge in preschool children. Fifty-seven children aged 3-6 years were studied. Mch challenge was carried out using a tidal breathing method, with concentrations of 0.22, 0.66, 2.0, 6.0, and 18.0 mg/ml, at 5-min intervals, given by a Pari Turbo Boy compressor and Pari LC Plus nebulizer, for 1 min only. Oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) was monitored during the challenge. The challenge was terminated if there was wheeze, SaO(2) below 91%, or persistent cough. This final Mch dose was considered the provocative concentration inducing audible wheeze (PCW). Nine healthy children, 17 with cough and 25 with wheeze, completed the study. Mean output from nebulizers (SD) in these 51 children was 0.30 (0.05) ml/min. Geometric means for PCW in these groups were 2.88, 2.58, and 1.28 mg/ml Mch, respectively. The wheezing children were significantly more hyperresponsive than the coughing children (P < 0.05). A tripling-dose Mch protocol is safe and practicable in children over 3 years of age. A further reduction in nebulized dose may be needed for a more discriminatory test.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed2001

Spirometric reference values in Estonian schoolchildren.

This study was conducted to describe the relationship between anthropometric parameters and lung function in Estonian children, to determine the reference values for spirometry, and to compare these results with other data sets. The results are based on 1170 healthy non-smoking children (643 girls and 527 boys), aged 6-18 years. The spiroanalyser Pneumoscreen II (Jaeger) was used to register dynamic lung parameters. Natural logarithmic values of lung volumes, standing or sitting height and age were used in the final regression model. Prediction equations for forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), peak expiratory flow, forced expiratory flows when 50 and 75% of FVC has been exhaled, and mean forced expiratory flow over the middle 50% of the FVC for both sexes are presented. In comparison with recent data from European children the reference values were close for FVC, the differences were bigger for FEV1 and forced expiratory flows, especially in taller children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Differences in lung function and chest dimensions in school-age girls and boys.

The present analysis was undertaken to find out whether differences in the performance of the lungs of boys and girls of the same height are explicable by differences in thoracic size. We measured forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory flows (FEFs), when 50% and 75% of FVC had been exhaled (FEF50, FEF75), and standing height, chest width and depth and biacromial diameter in 1187 schoolchildren aged 6-18 years. Thoracic dimensions were usually greater in boys than in girls of the same height, except for the height range of 150.0-164.9 cm. For this height range, the pulmonary function variables (PEF, FEF50, FEF75 and PEF/FVC) were significantly higher in girls, and for FVC almost as high as the male values. For FEF50/FVC and FEF75/FVC, the female values were larger over the whole height range (115.0-184.9 cm), but even for these parameters the differences were greatest for the height range 150.0-164.9 cm. In conclusion, very similar growth patterns of lung function and thoracic parameters can suggest that differences in the lung function parameters of boys and girls of the same height may be explained by differences in the thorax size.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Lung function in Estonian children: effect of sitting height.

The present analysis formed part of the population study of Estonian school-children and was undertaken in order to examine the relationships between lung function variables, standing and sitting height. We measured forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), peak expiratory flow and forced expiratory flows when 50 and 75% of FVC had been exhaled, and anthropometric indices in 645 healthy schoolchildren, aged 6-18 years. The growth spurt in standing and sitting height occurred between the ages of 11 and 13 years in girls, and 13 and 15 years in boys. Growth spurts of lung parameters occurred during the same periods. FVC and FEV1 showed close correlations (r = 0.89-0.94) with all anthropometric parameters and age, whereas correlation coefficients for the flows were less close (r = 0.65-0.88). In boys, correlations between sitting height and lung function variables were greater than those with standing height. Using stepwise regression analysis, in boys sitting height was selected in all lung function parameters, and in girls sitting height was never selected. We conclude that there is a very close correlation between sitting height and lung function variables. The use of sitting height in parallel with standing height in predicted values for Estonian schoolchildren would make the values more exact.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Simultaneous application of differential servo-oscillometry and volume-clamp plethysmography for continuous non-invasive recording of the finger blood pressure response to a hand postural change.

Continuous blood pressure recordings obtained by the volume-clamp method (Finapres 2300 BP monitor, Ohmeda, USA) were compared with measurements made by using the modified oscillometric method (UT9201 beat-to-beat monitor, University of Tartu, Estonia) in normal subjects during a hand postural change. Changes in the local blood pressure were induced in 11 healthy volunteers by passive elevation of the hand by 40 cm and lowering it again after one minute. We did not reveal a statistically significant difference between the group-averaged responses of the oscillometric finger mean blood pressure measurement device and those of Finapres during this test. The difference UT9201 minus Finapres equalled -1.3 +/- 3.1 mm Hg (p = 0.15). Blood pressure responses were similarly tracked by both beat-to-beat finger blood pressure monitors despite the considerable variability in the shape of the subjects' individual responses.

Adult↗