Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Kitajima.
From the fruit of Cnidium monnieri Cusson (Umbelliferae), two glucides were isolated together with other known glucides. Their structures were clarified as glycerol 2-O-alpha-L-fucopyranoside and D-quinovitol (6-deoxy-D-glucitol), respectively.
From the water-soluble portion of the methanol extract of the fruit of Glehnia littoralis Fr. SCHMIDT ex MIQ. (Umbelliferae; "hamabofu" in Japanese), thirty compounds, including three new monoterpenoids and a new monoterpenoid glucoside, a new benzofuran glucoside, a new alkyl glucoside, and a new glucide, were obtained. Their structures were clarified by spectral investigation.
From the water-soluble portion of the methanol extract of the fruit of Carum ajowan (ajowan), which has been used as a spice and medicine, 25 compounds, including five new monoterpenoid glucosides, a new monoterpenoid, two new aromatic compound glucosides, and two new glucides, were obtained. Their structures were clarified by spectral investigation.
The flavonoids of Asplenium foreziense, A. fontanum subsp. fontanum and subsp. pseudofontanum, A. obovatum subsp. obovatum var. obovatum and var. protobillotii, A. obovatum subsp. lanceolatum, and A. incisum were isolated and identified for chemotaxonomic survey. A major constituent of all taxa was kaempferol 3-O-gentiobioside. As minor compounds, kaempferol 3,7-O-glycoside and/or kaempferol 3-O-glycoside were found in A. fontanum, A. obovatum and A. foreziense, and kaempferol 3-O-gentiobioside-4'-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside and quercetin 3-O-diglucoside in A. incisum. It was suggested that A. foreziense, A. fontanum including subsp. pseudofontanum and A. obovatum including subsp. lanceolatum are not only morphologically but also chemotaxonomically related. The East Asian A. incisum was chemically and geographically different from these taxa.
Two chalcone glycosides were isolated, together with seven known flavonol glycosides, from the leaves of Asarum canadense. The structures of the chalcone glycosides were established as chalcononaringenin 2',4'-di-O-glucoside and chalcononaringenin 2'-O-glucoside-4'-O-gentiobioside by chemical, UV, FAB MS, 1H and 13C NMR evidence.
As the glycosyl constituents of Ficus pumila L. fruits (Moraceae), three new sesquiterpenoid glucosides, pumilasides A, B and C were isolated together with benzyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, (E)-2-methyl-2-butenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside and rutin. Their structures were characterized as (1S,4S,5R,6R,7S,10S)-1,4,6-trihydroxyeudesmane 6-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, (1S,4S,5S,6R,7R,10S)-1,4-dihydroxymaaliane 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and 10 alpha, 11-dihydroxycadin-4-ene 11-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside by spectral and chemical methods.
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A patient with primary anaplastic large-cell lymphoma of the skin with characteristic clinical findings is described. The diagnosis was made on the basis of histologic and immunohistochemical findings. The phenotype of the tumor cells was not determined, but rearrangement of the T-cell receptor beta gene indicated that the tumor was of T-cell lineage. Despite high-grade malignancy of the tumor cells, the patient unexpectedly had a benign clinical course. The findings in this case suggest that regressing atypical histiocytosis and lymphomatoid papulosis type A are subsets of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma.
We report a 22-year-old man with acquired dermal melanocytosis on the hand which developed without any history of previous inflammation. He had no history of contact with or oral administration of any drugs or metals which might have caused pigmentation. Histopathologically, spindle-shaped dermal melanocytes were observed running parallel to the collagen bundles and scattered in all portions of the dermis. The dopa reaction of these cells was positive. Ultrastructurally, dermal melanocytes containing numerous melanosomes (stages II to IV) which were surrounded by the extracellular sheath were observed. Differential diagnosis of other dermal melanocytosis was discussed.
Two patients with epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica recessiva who had squamous cell carcinoma are presented. Case 1 is a 40-year-old woman who had ulcers on her left lower leg. Case 2 is a 42-year-old man who had a tumor on his left first toe. Wide surgical excision with skin coverage by autograft was performed in case 1. Amputation of the toe in case 2 was performed. A review of the cases of epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica associated with cancer reported in Japan is also presented.
Crusted scabies, an unusual clinical variant of human scabies mite infestation, is usually reported in cases of gross debility, mental deficiency, or immunosuppression. We report here the occurrence of crusted scabies in a 40-year-old man with acquired selective IgA deficiency suspected to be caused by long-term medication with phenytoin for epilepsy.
The proliferation and cell cycle phase composition of human dermal fibroblasts cultured on or in type I collagen lattices (reconstituted dermis model) were examined. On collagen lattices, as compared with conventional cultures on plastic dishes, the proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts was suppressed, being arrested at about one-half the saturation density after 10 days of culture. In collagen lattices, proliferation was further suppressed, being nearly arrested within 4-7 days of culture. Cells were analyzed for cell cycle phases by two-color flow cytometry using DNA staining and S phase cell staining with FITC-conjugated antibromodeoxyuridine antibody. After 5 days of culture, the number of S phase cells on collagen lattices was 49.3% of that on plastic dishes, with an increase in G0G1 phase cells of 79.8%. In collagen lattices, the number of S phase cells was very small (4.3% of all cells), and most of the cells accumulated in G0G1 phase. These findings suggest that the cell cycle of fibroblasts is arrested at G0G1 phase by their interaction with collagen. On the basis of these results, the reconstituted dermis model using collagen lattice is considered to be analogous to the dermis in vivo with respect to cell growth and cell cycle phase composition.
Human dermal fibroblasts were cultured in a hydrated type I collagen lattice. When collagen fibers were arranged in one direction, fibroblasts were arranged in the same direction. Cell proliferation was markedly suppressed in the collagen lattice as compared with that on plastic, with growth being arrested after day 5. No differences in proliferation were observed between aligned cells and randomly oriented cells. Flow cytometry with DNA staining was performed to analyze each phase of the cell cycle of fibroblasts. Among the 10,000 cell population, S phase cells on day 2 of culture accounted for 43% on plastic but were markedly inhibited to 25% in the lattice. On day 4, S phase cells accounted for 33% on plastic but only for 10% in the lattice. These findings suggest that cell advancement to the S phase is markedly inhibited in the collagen lattice, resulting in accumulation of most of cells in the G0G1 phase. The present study clearly showed that culture in the collagen lattice allowed alignment of fibroblasts with a definite orientation as observed in vivo and produced a status resembling that in vivo in terms of proliferation and cell cycle phase composition.
In order to study the interaction between melanoma cells and collagen, B16 murine melanoma cells were embedded and cultured in type I collagen gel. Melanoma cells cultured in the collagen gel became elongated, as compared with those cultured on plastic, and some of them assumed a dendritic form. The gel contracted very slowly but steadily during culturing of melanoma cells, as in the experiment using fibroblasts. On the 20th day of culture the area of the gel accounted for only 32% of that when culture started. This contraction was enhanced by retinoic acid, which is known to induce cell differentiation. The contractility of the gel differed between various lines of melanoma cells. The present observations raise the possibility of interaction between melanoma cells and type I collagen.
To investigate the influence of ageing on wound healing, we cultured fibroblasts derived from human dermis in type I collagen gel, and evaluated the relationship between gel contractility and ageing. Cells were obtained from children (0-15 years old, Group A), early adulthood (16-40 years old, Group B), mid-adulthood (41-60 years old, Group C), and the elderly (61 or older, Group D). Gel contractility was determined by measuring the diameter on the second day after gel preparation. Within the tenth passage, gel contraction was the most marked in Group A, but did not differ among the other groups. Gel contraction at passages 30-40 did not differ from those within the tenth passage in Groups B, C and D, but it decreased markedly in Group A to a value similar to that in the other groups. These results show that fibroblasts in childhood are more contractile than those in adulthood and are more readily affected by passages (in vitro ageing).
A 63-year-old Japanese man had phaeohyphomycosis that occurred as a solitary subcutaneous nodule on the dorsal aspect of his left hand. In the nodule there were foci of mixed granulomatous and suppurative infiltrations circumscribed by thick fibrous tissue reaction. The foci contained short septate hyphae and occasionally small rounded aggregates of irregularly branched septate hyphae, both of which were nonpigmented or rarely weakly pale brown. Fungal culture from the nodule was positive for a dematiaceous mold. The mycologic features of the mold were typical of Phialophora repens. The infection was successfully treated by excision of the nodule. This is the second reported case of infection due to P. repens.
From the fresh roots of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. var. japonicum Kitam., the following substances were identified: methyl palmitate, palmitic acid, suberic acid, alpha-spinasterol, stigmast-7-en-3 beta-ol, alpha-spinasterol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, stigmast-7-en-3 beta-ol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, bryonolic acid, cucurbitacin B, cucurbitacin D, vomifoliol, ethyl alpha-L-arabinofranoside and D-glucose. The bitter taste of Trichosanthes Root was considered to be due to cucurbitacin B and D.
From the fresh roots of Trichosanthes cucumeroides Maxim., three new triterpenoid glycosides with a bitter taste were obtained together with methyl palmitate, palmitic acid, alpha-spinasterol, stigmast-7-en-3 beta-ol, alpha-spinasterol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, stigmast-7-en-3 beta-ol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and vanillic acid. On the basis of the results of spectral and chemical investigations, these glycosides were characterized as 25-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-11-oxocucurbit-5-ene-3 beta,24(R), 25-triol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1----2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----2)-beta -D- glucopyranoside, 25-O-beta-D-(6-O-acetyl)-glucopyranosyl-11-oxocucurbit-5-ene-3 beta,24(R), 25-triol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1----2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1----2)- beta-D-glucopyranoside and 11-oxocucurbit-5-ene-3 beta,24(R), 25-triol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1----2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----2)- beta-D-glucopyranoside.