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Biomedical subjects

J Kirkegaard

Publications and source records attributed to J Kirkegaard.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Intermittent airway obstruction in a child caused by a cervical lipoblastoma.

Severe intermittent airway obstruction was caused by a lipoblastoma in a 9-month-old boy. The tumor was located in the lower part of the neck and moved into the thoracic inlet causing compression of the trachea when he moved his head forwards. A tumor compressing or obstructing the trachea is infrequently the cause of airway obstruction in infants and children. Nevertheless, overlooking a tumor may have serious consequences when giving anesthesia due to the risk of difficulties with artificial ventilation depending on the localisation of the tumor. Every case of unexplained respiratory failure must be subject to a systematic approach that considers lung disease, bronchoconstriction, large airway obstruction, and external compression of the airway.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1997

Cancer of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Prognosis and outcome of treatment.

A retrospective study of 121 patients, 77 men and 44 women, with sino-nasal cancer, admitted to the National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, during the period 1983 1993, is presented. The median follow-up time was 21 months, (range 3 124). Forty-six percent of the tumors originated from the nasal cavity, 29% from the maxillary sinuses and 5% from the ethmoid sinuses. In 18% of the cases, the site of origin was not clear due to advanced local growth. Sixty-five patients received primary radiation therapy with curative intention of whom 5 underwent secondary surgery. Forty-nine patients underwent primary surgery, 38 of them received postoperative radiation therapy. The overall 5-year survival rate in this material was 35% and the disease-specific 5-year survival was 45%. Patients with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas had a significantly higher 5-year survival rate than patients with poorly differentiated carcinomas and patients with regional metastases had a significantly poorer 5-year survival than patients without. The 5-year local control was 48% (41/121). Six of 9 patients with regional metastases at admission were controlled locally, whereas 16 patients developed regional metastases after primary treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Cranio-orbital teratoma.

A new-born baby presented with a large, rapidly growing tumour. The tumour involved the right orbit, the anterior half of the right intracranial space and extended through the skull of the temporal region. The proptotic eye ruptured due to exposure. The tumour was extirpated when the patient was 12 days old. A large recurrence was extirpated two months later. The tumour was firmly bound to the medial aspect of the superior orbital fissure which probably was the location of origin of the tumour. Based on the size of the intracranial-and the orbital part of the tumour, it was classified as a secondary orbital teratoma. The tumour was macroscopically composed of cystic and solid areas. Microscopically it was seen to be a benign teratoma with tissue from all three germinal layers.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

[Complications after surgical treatment of malign thyroid diseases].

Eighty-eight patients with thyroid malignancy seen at the Rigshospital, Copenhagen during the period 1.5.1989-1.5.1994 were retrospectively studied. There were 64 females and 24 males. The average age was 54 years. Seventy-nine patients were operated (six with subtotal and 73 with total thyroidectomy). Thirty-six (46%) had had previous thyroid operations and 12 of these patients had preoperative fine-needle aspiration biopsies performed. The second operation thyroidectomy specimen contained carcinoma in 14 (39%) of the 36 patients. Forty-nine patients (62%) had different types of modified neck dissection performed under the operation and 31 (39%) of the operated patients had lymph-node-metastases. Among the patients who were operated at the department there were no accidental permanent recurrent nerve paralysis. Among the 36 patients who were operated at other departments there were four (11%) accidental recurrent nerve paralysis from the primary operation. Twenty (25%) of the 79 operated patients developed permanent hypoparathyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Invasive fibrous thyroiditis--Riedel's goiter. A review of the literature and a case report].

Invasive fibrous thyroiditis (Riedel's goitre) is a rare condition of an unknown aetiology. The condition was first described by Riedel in 1883. In 1904 Hashimoto described another condition of invasive fibrous thyroiditis. Since then it has been discussed if Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Riedel's goitre were one disease in different states or two different diseases. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is known to have an autoimmune aetiology and it can be seen together with pernicious anaemia. Co-existence of Riedel's goitre and pernicious anaemia has never been reported. The patient mentioned had both Riedel's goitre and pernicious anaemia, and was first treated with subtotal thyroidectomy, relapsed after one year and consequently received steroids. Such coexistence and the very good effect of steroids could be explained on the basis of Hashimoto's and Riedel's thyroiditis being one condition in different states and with an autoimmune aetiology. It is recommended that patients with Riedel's goitre are postoperatively treated with steroids.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. An unselected material from a 5-year period.

Three hundred and four patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity were treated at the Finsen Institute in cooperation with the ENT-surgical departments between 1978 and 1982. The primary treatment consisted of radiotherapy alone in 74%, surgery alone in 4%, and a combination of radiotherapy and surgery in 15% of the patients. Two per cent received other treatment (cryotherapy), 5% did not complete the planned radiotherapy, and 1% were not treated at all. Of 203 patients with tumour remnant or first recurrence, 45% were operated, 2% received radiotherapy, and 2% combined treatment. This treatment strategy made 38% of the patients free of disease in the follow-up period (3 1/2 to 8 years) or until the patients died from other causes. Fifty-nine per cent of the patients died from their oral carcinomas. Tumour size (T), lymph node status (N), and tumour stage were as expected important prognostic factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Is earlier diagnosis of oral cancer possible?].

Study of patients with oral carcinomas from the Finsen Institute in a five-year period, shows the survival to be significantly correlated to the tumour stage on referral. In order to improve the prognosis for these patients, earlier diagnosis and earlier referral for treatment to the oncological centre are necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Traditional and new treatment strategies for oral squamous cell carcinomas.

308 patients with intraoral carcinomas were treated in the Finsen Institute, Copenhagen, from 1978 to 1982. As primary treatment, 73% of the patients had radiotherapy alone, 5% had operations alone, and 14% had combined treatment. After first recurrences, 45% of 204 patients were operated on. This treatment strategy kept 40% of all 308 patients free of disease for at least 3.5 years or until death. Fifty-eight percent of all 308 patients died of their oral carcinomas. The present study shows that tumor size, lymph node involvement, and total tumor stage are important prognostic factors. Old and new treatment strategies are discussed and more use of operations using modern reconstructive techniques followed by radiotherapy is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Early diagnosis of cancer of the oral cavity, is it a possibility?].

Study of patients with oral carcinomas from the Finsen Institute in a five-year period, shows the survival to be significantly correlated to the tumour stage on referral. In order to improve the prognosis for these patients, earlier diagnosis and earlier referral for treatment to the oncological centre are necessary.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Ordinary and high-dose ipratropium in perennial nonallergic rhinitis.

The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of the topically active cholinoceptor antagonist, ipratropium, in the treatment of rhinorrhea in perennial nonallergic rhinitis, with special reference to identification of subgroups of responders and increased efficacy from high-dose therapy. Thirty-six adult patients with watery rhinorrhea as a dominant symptom completed the study, which consisted of a 2-week run-in period followed by two 3-week treatment periods with placebo and ipratropium in an ordinary dosage (80 micrograms four times a day) in a double-blind, crossover design, and, finally, an open 2-week period with high-dose therapy (400 micrograms four times a day). The number of nose blowings was 47% lower during treatment with ipratropium in the ordinary dosage than during the placebo period (p less than 0.001). There was an additional reduction during high-dose therapy that was slight but statistically significant (p less than 0.05). Ipratropium had no effect on the number of sneezes or on nasal blockage index. During ordinary-dose therapy, side effects were slight and confined to the nose, whereas the high-dose therapy caused unpleasant nasal dryness and, in a few cases, systemic side effects. It was not possible to separate responders from nonresponders by case history, physical examination, or nasal methacholine testing. It is concluded that intranasal ipratropium is effective in the treatment of watery rhinorrhea in perennial nonallergic rhinitis and that 320 micrograms a day is sufficient in most patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Orbital floor fractures: early repair and results.

In the 5-year period 1978-1982, 34 patients with facial fractures underwent repair of the orbital floor. Reconstruction of the orbital floor by means of an implant was used in 28 of 34 patients (82%). Nineteen patients (56%) had a balloon inflated in the maxillary sinus to stabilize the orbital floor. Radiographic contrast solution was used in the balloon to facilitate the postoperative radiographic control of the balloon and the orbital floor. It was possible to make a follow-up study of 30 of the 34 patients. Nine of the patients had persisting reduced sensitivity in the infraorbital nerve region and 7 patients had slight enophthalmos. Out of the 30 patients, only 2 patients had persisting diplopia of a slight to moderate degree and none found it disturbing enough to need further surgery. This series shows that good results can be expected after early surgery and active management with open reposition, reconstruction and placing of an intral balloon are recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Nasal challenge.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of histamine-induced nasal symptoms by the H1 antihistamine chlorpheniramine maleate: demonstration of topical effect.

To study whether a histamine H1 receptor antagonist inhibits allergic rhinitis symptoms by a peripheral or a central mode of action 21 normal volunteers were challenged with 500 micrograms histamine chloride in the right nasal cavity on four occasions after bilateral pretreatment with an H1 antihistamine spray and a placebo spray in various combinations. The H1 antihistamine (chlorpheniramine maleate, 0.5 mg) significantly inhibited histamine-induced tickling (P less than 0.01), sneezing (P = 0.01) and discharge (P less than 0.01), but only when it was given on the same side as histamine. This is highly suggestive of a local effect on sensory nerve endings, which prompts further studies on the topical use of antihistamines in the nose.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1983

Role of histamine and antihistamines in the nose.

The effect of an H1 antihistamine (chlorpheniramine) and an H2 antihistamine (ranitidine) nasal spray on histamine-provoked symptoms was studied in normal volunteers. Firstly it was shown that the H1 antihistamine has a marked inhibiting effect on tickling, sneezing and discharge, and secondly, that both H1 and H2 antihistamines have a weak effect on blockage. Finally, it was found that the H1 antihistamine, in the concentration used, has no demonstrable anti-cholinergic or local anaesthetic effect. It is concluded that antihistamines act locally in the nose, H1 antihistamines inhibit tickling, sneezing and hypersecretion via nervous H1 receptors, while blood vessels possess both H1 and H2 receptors.

Chlorpheniramine↗