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Biomedical subjects

J King

Publications and source records attributed to J King.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Drug compliance--a study of patient behavior based on medical records.

Studies concerned with medication compliance after initial prescription dispensing have been frequently cited in the literature; however, little research has been done on the initial filling of the prescription order. In order to ascertain the degree of compliance at the initial filling level, a study was carried out on a population associated with a neighborhood health center. Overall, the study indicated an initial filling compliance of 94 percent, which was affected by the site of patient encounter, the chronicity of the disease, and the specificity of the medication in relationship to the disease state. It was concluded that: prescriptions for chronic medications are filled at a higher rate than those for acute illnesses; specific medication for a specific illness has a much higher compliance rate than nondisease specific medications; ease of access to a pharmacy is related to a higher compliance level; and frequent patient contact for a specific disease tends to increase compliance.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Ischaemic optic neuropathy.

Ischaemic optic neuropathy is a well recognised cause of sudden visual loss in middle and late life. It is characterised by painless visual impairment, pale swelling of the optic disc and nerve fibre bundle field defects. Although some cases are due to cranial arteritis, the majority of patients suffer from non-arteritic diseases, particularly hypertension. The present study consists of a reveiw of 22 cases of ischaemic optic neuropathy. Apart from cranial arteritis and vascular disease, migraine and trauma appear to have a causal relationship to the disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cerebral arteritis associated with heroin abuse.

A twenty-year-old man suffered a left homonymous hemianopia after self-administration of heroin. Investigations revealed right occipital infarction with angiographic changes of arteritis in the posterior cerebral arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The structural organization of DNA packaged within the heads of T4 wild-type, isometric and giant bacteriophages.

We present electron microscopic and X-ray diffraction evidence concerning the structural organization of condensed DNA within a series of T4 bacteriophage with the following head morphologies: prolate (wild-type), isometric and giant (with greatly increased axial ratio). In all cases, the DNA helix segments are locally parallel and 27 A apart. For the giant particles, we show that the DNA forms a large coil whose axis is perpendicular to the axis of the phage tail. This evidence, combined with previous results from a series of isometric bacteriophages (Earnshaw and Harrison, 1977), leads to a model for the organization of condensed DNA that may apply to most dsDNA-containing bacteriophages.

Coliphages↗
PubMed1978

Nutrition, sex, gestational age, and hair growth in babies.

Hair growth measurements are a sensitive indicator of nutrition and we have assessed their value in the perinatal period. The proportion of growing roots and their diameter were studied at birth in 114 babies and repeated 3 weeks later in 29 low birthweight babies. Intrauterine malnutrition resulted in thinner roots but the changes after birth were not related to nutrition and these measurements will not be useful in feeding studies in this period. At birth, gestational age and sex affected the hair root, and it may be important to recognise these differences if the hair root is used in biochemical screening tests. We have used a new simple technique for measuring the root diameter using an image-splitting eye-piece.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Alpha heavy chain disease (report of 18 cases from Iraq).

The clinical and pathological features of 18 new patients with alpha heavy chain disease seen at two referral centres in Baghdad, Iraq, are described. The series included 14 males and four females ranging in age from 14 to 47 years. Almost all patients presented because of long-standing abdominal pain and diarrhoea. The tissue diagnosis and extent of the disease were established at laparotomy in most patients. Peroral jejunal biospy was used in a number of patients, mainly for follow-up. The serological abnormality was confirmed by immunoselection technique. Most of the patients had extensive thickening of the bowel wall and/or tumour masses of the small intestine and mesenteric nodes. Histopathological sections showed muscularis. Preliminary results of the treatment, including two long remissions, are reported. In general, our observations agree with those made by other authors, mostly from the Middle East and Africa. We believe that a high index of clinical suspicion, routine use of the immunoselection, and recognition of the early pathological changes may hopefully lead to the detection of more cases before the frank neoplastic phase of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Influence of detergents and organic solvent extraction on human gamma-glutamyltransferase activity.

Human serum and urinary gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) have been found to react differently towards the detergents Triton X-100 and sodium lauryl sulphate (SDS). Serum gamma-GT was virtually unaffected by Triton X-100 at a concentration of 5% whereas urinary gamma-GT was 10-15% activated under similar conditions. There was a 100-fold difference in the response of serum and urinary gamma-GT to SDS. The enzyme activity in urine was completely destroyed by 0.02% SDS, whereas it required 2.0% to destroy the serum enzyme. These latter differences, however, were found to result from the environments of the serum and urinary enzyme rather than to intrinsic factors within the molecule. Extraction of serum gamma-GT from normal individuals with n-butanol resulted in little or no loss of activity from the aqueous phase, whereas more than 30% activity was lost from normal urines. Extraction using various mixtures of butanol and di-isopropyl ether (DIPE) produced largely similar results, except that 25% DIPE: 75% butanol mixture produced a marked loss of activity from serum. It is suggested that gamma-GT activity in human body fluids may be dependent on the presence of a lipid fraction.

Butanols↗
PubMed1978

Is the adherent, non-specific 'suppressor' cell from rodent spleens an in vitro artefact?

Mitomycin C-treated cells from the spleens of mice pre-treated with BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, cyclophosphamide or methylcellulose will inhibit the mitogen responses of normal cells in vitro, but extended dose-response studies have shown that such cell populations will also enhance the response if added in very small numbers. The number of cells giving peak enhancement is proportional to the percentage of the spleen cells which are adherent at 72 hr. Such late-adhering cells are not removed by conventional adherence column techniques. The concept of the adherent suppressor T cell is discussed in the light of these findings.

Adhesiveness↗