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J Kieler

Publications and source records attributed to J Kieler.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Numerical evaluation of changes in the cytoplasmic microtubule complex of C3H mouse cells by optical diffractometry and of changes in cell shape by Fourier analysis.

MO mouse cells in culture on glass were treated with taxol, or nocodazole, or incubated at 4 degrees C to alter their cytoplasmic microtubule complex (CMTC). From each treated group and from an untreated group, 30 cells stained with an antiserum against tubulin, were photographed under the photomicroscope, and negatives were analysed by optical diffractometry. Differences between groups of cells were tested by variance analysis. Phase-contrast micrographs of the same cells were used for Fourier analysis of cell shape. Both types of analyses provided numerical objective data about changes in the CMTC and in cell shape that were typical for the kind of treatment. We conclude that optical diffractometry of immunostained cells and Fourier analysis of cell shape are complementary to photomicroscopy for the study of the CMTC in cell populations cultured on an artificial substrate.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1986

Fourier analysis of the cell shape of paired human urothelial cell lines of the same origin but of different grades of transformation.

The rationale of the present investigation is the observations made by many authors of changes in the molecular structure of the cell surface during the multistep process of malignant transformation. These changes may influence cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions and thereby cause changes in cell adhesiveness and cell shape. The aim of the present work was to investigate whether the development of various grades of transformation in vivo and in vitro of human urothelial cells is accompanied by significant changes in cell shape as measured by Fourier analysis. The following transformation grades (TGr) have been defined (Christensen et al. 1984; Kieler 1984): TGr I = nonmalignant, mortal cell lines that grow independently of fibroblasts and have a prolonged life span. TGr II = nonmalignant cell lines with an infinite life span. TGr III = malignant and immortal cell lines that grow invasively in co-cultures with embryonic chick heart fragments and possess tumorigenic properties after s.c. injection into nude mice. Comparisons of 4 pairs of cell lines were performed; each pair was of the same origin. Two pairs--each including a TGr I cell line (Hu 961b and Hu 1703S) compared to a TGr III cell line (Hu 961a or Hu 1703He)--were derived from two transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) containing a heterogeneous cell population. Two additional cell lines classified as TGr II (HCV-29 and Hu 609) were compared to two TGr III sublines (HCV-29T and Hu 609T, respectively) which arose by "spontaneous" transformation during propagation in vitro of the respective maternal TGr II-cell lines.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1986

Activation of killer cells from blood of urinary bladder carcinoma patients by short-term treatment with recombinant interleukin 2.

Highly purified recombinant human interleukin 2 induced cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from urinary bladder carcinoma patients and from control healthy donors when added during an 18-h 51Cr microcytotoxicity assay against bladder carcinoma (T24) target cells. Similar levels of killer cell activation were detected in mononuclear cell preparations from bladder carcinoma patients and control healthy donors; hence, no defect in the responsiveness of bladder carcinoma patients' lymphocytes to interleukin 2 could be observed. The effect of the recombinant interleukin 2 was dose-dependent. Addition of monoclonal antibody 7E9 directed against cell-type restricted antigen associated with the T24 target cells and capable of inducing antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity could not increase the cytotoxicity-inducing effects of interleukin 2.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Local treatment with human recombinant interleukin 2 inhibits growth of MC-induced sarcomas in syngeneic mice.

In previous communications we have demonstrated that crude rat interleukin 2 and partially purified mouse interleukin 2 were capable of inhibiting growth of transplantable, MC-induced mouse sarcomas in syngeneic recipients. Here we report that repeated peritumoral injections of highly purified human recombinant interleukin 2 can inhibit growth of these mouse sarcomas and prolong survival of tumour-bearing mice. These findings taken together and the ready availability of high doses of recombinant human interleukin 2 substantiate our proposal for initiation of clinical trials using local administration of the interleukin 2 (Bubeník et al. 1983) in selected cancer patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Monoclonal antibodies against human urinary bladder carcinomas: selectivity and utilization for gamma scintigraphy.

Mouse monoclonal antibodies to human urinary bladder carcinoma cells have been examined by indirect membrane immunofluorescence using a panel of 27 human cell lines. Two of the monoclonal antibodies, 7E9 (IgG3) and S2C6 (IgGl), were found to distinguish between urinary bladder carcinoma cells and normal urothelium. The third monoclonal antibody, T24.06.5(IgGl), discriminated among cell lines of urothelial and non-urothelial origin but did not distinguish between urinary bladder carcinoma and normal urothelial cells. None of the of the antibodies was found to be strictly selective, and occasional cross-reactions with unrelated cell types were observed. The monoclonal antibody 7E9, showing the highest degree of selectivity, was further examined by an indirect immunoperoxidase technique on frozen tissue sections from 19 patients. The antibody reacted with all (7/7) bladder carcinomas examined and gave negative results with control normal bladder mucosa (0/8) and unrelated tumor tissue (0/4) sections. The 7E9 antibody was purified by protein A affinity chromatography, labeled with 131I and used for gamma-scintigraphy in nude mice xenografted with human urinary bladder carcinoma T24. The 7E9 antibody was capable of locating the T24 xenografts in nude mice; it localized preferentially in the T24 tissue compared to normal mouse tissues. The T24 xenografts could not be detected by gamma-scintigraphy with 131I-labeled monoclonal antibody against human mammary carcinoma cells and two other control antibodies. Likewise the 131I-labeled 7E9 antibody was not capable of locating human mammary carcinoma xenografts in nude mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Tumour localization of radiolabelled monoclonal antibody in mice bearing human urinary bladder (T24) carcinoma xenografts.

Selectivity of mouse monoclonal antibody 7E9 (IGG3) directed against human urinary bladder carcinoma cells has been examined by indirect membrane immunofluorescence, using a panel of 31 human cell lines. The 7E9 monoclonal antibody discriminated between urinary bladder carcinoma cells and normal urothelium or cells of non-urothelial origin, although occasional reactions with bladder carcinoma-unrelated cell types were observed. The 7E9 antibody was purified by protein A affinity chromatography, labeled with 131I and used for gamma scintigraphy in nude mice xenografted with human urinary bladder carcinoma T24. The 7E9 antibody was capable of locating the T24 xenografts in nude mice; it localized preferentially in the T24 tissue compared to normal mouse tissues. The T24 xenografts could not be detected by gamma scintigraphy with 131I-labelled monoclonal antibody against human mammary carcinoma cells and two other control antibodies. Likewise, the 131I-labelled 7E9 antibody was not capable of locating human mammary carcinoma xenografts in nude mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Fourier analysis of the shape of normal and transformed epithelial cells derived from human transitional epithelium.

The aim of this paper is to show the possibility of objective mathematical description of changes occurring in the shape of cells in the process of transformation. The evaluation of the changes in cell shape of the chosen cell lines differing in transformation grade was performed by the use of Fourier analysis of the shape. Any two-dimensional contour can be described with specific accuracy in a mathematical manner using the closed form Fourier series of cosines. The components forming the analysed shape, called harmonics, are independent and uncorrelated measures of their contribution to the total shape. The shape of each cell can be represented by the spectrum of harmonic amplitudes. To quote the paper by Healy-Williams and Williams (1981): "The observed shape is partitioned into series, where gross shape, as elongation or triangularity, is measured by the harmonic amplitudes of the lower harmonic order and increasingly fine scaled surface sculpture is measured at higher orders". The statistically evaluated results allow the objective comparison of the cell shapes of several compared cell lines differing in transformation grades. Malignant transformation is supposed to be a multistep process. The different grades of transformation could be defined by several parameters as changes in the morphology of the cells, their ability to compete with fibroblasts, their life span, their angiogenic potency, their invasiveness in vitro and their tumorigenicity in nude mice. In this paper several human urothelial cell lines of normal and tumor origin differing in their transformation grade (TGr I-III) were compared by the use of Fourier analysis of their shape. TGr I cultures have finite life span but do not need intermittent collagenase treatment to prevent fibroblast overgrowth. TGr II cultures acquire infinite growth potential, here defined as capacity to survive at least 70 passages. They are neither tumorigenic nor invasive. TGr III cultures show infinite growth transformation, increased angiogenicity and ability to invade normal host tissue in vitro. They produce progressively growing tumors in nude mice. The following human uroepithelial cell lines differing in the degree of transformation were studied and compared by statistical evaluation of the harmonic amplitudes describing mathematically the cell shape: Two cell lines derived from human transitional cell carcinoma (TCC): 1. Hu 1703S classified as TGr I, 2. Hu 1703He classified as TGr III. It was found that these two cell lines differ in all harmonics. Two cell lines derived from morphological normal human bladder epithelium: 3. HCV-29 classified as TGr II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1983

Angiogenesis-inducing ability of human bladder epithelium cell lines and "spontaneously" transformed murine fibroblasts.

Ten human bladder epithelium cell lines were tested for their ability to induce blood vessel formation after intradermal injection into irradiated ST/a mice. Cell lines that were shown to be tumorigenic in nude mice, were able to evoke angiogenesis of a higher intensity than nontumorigenic cell lines. No difference was observed between the angiogeneic ability of tumorigenic cells originating from tumors and from in vitro transformed urothelium of nontumor origin. Similarly the origin of nontumorigenic urothelial cell lines did not show any influence on their angiogeneic abilities, but nontumorigenic cell lines which had undergone "infinite growth transformation" exhibited a higher angiogeneic activity than nontumorigenic cell lines with a finite life. The angiogeneic reaction evoked by human bladder epithelium cell lines showed cell dose- and time-dependence; but it was unrelated to the growth potential of the cultured cells. Two "spontaneously" altered sarcoma-producing murine cell lines showed a higher angiogeneic activity than tumorigenic human bladder epithelial cells. The angiogeneic response to these two murine cell lines was unrelated to morphological signs of transformation and to differences in growth rate, serum requirement, saturation density, anchorage dependence, and isoimmunizing properties.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of brain tumors with anticancer pellet--experimental and clinical study (author's transl)].

Eighty three patients suffering from brain tumors have been treated by anticancer pellets containing 5-FU, urokinase, mitomycin and BUdR in dimethylsiloxan (Silastic) for three years. Constant and prolonged release of the chemicals from the anticancer pellet had already been proved in vitro. The amount of daily release were 1-3/1,000 of original volume. Tissue concentration of 5-FU was measured by bioassay system using staphylococcus 209 P strain with plate dilution method. In spite of the rapid disappearance of serum 5-FU, the local high accumulation of 5-FU was demonstrated in vivo. In rat neurogenic tumor, 1.104 microgram/g was detected on 60 days after the application of anticancer pellet containing 500 mg of 5-FU. The growth of tumor was also suppressed. The clinical study consists of 83 patients, 30 of glioblastoma, 19 of metastatic brain tumor, 13 of astrocytoma, 7 of oligodendroglioma, 4 of ependymoblastoma, 4 of malignant lymphoma and 6 of others. The median survival time of gliblastoma was prolonged to 71.5 weeks by the implantation of anticancer pellet from 40 weeks of control group. However, the median survival time of astrocytoma and metastatic brain tumor were 24 and 6 months, respectively, which have no significant difference from control groups. In the patients of metastatic brain tumor, the regrowth of metastatic foci in the brain was completely suppressed. However, most of them were succumbed from the original tumors. The concentration of 5-FU in several human tissue was measured in ten patients with different time intervals after the implantation of the anticancer pellet. Although they have different histologic patterns, the concentrations of 5-FU in human brain tumors were ranged from 0.05 to 0.67 microgram/g by 14 months after the implantation of the anticancer pellet. The adjacent cystic fluids also contain from 0.62 to 4.9 microgram/ml of 5-FU for two years. These results mean that they are keeping higher level of 5-FU than the tumoricidal level of 5-FU (0.056 microgram/g) for more than two years. On the other hand, no respective accumulation was demonstrated in other tissues. None of the patients showed any adverse reactions except a continuous slight fever up to 38 degrees C.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Chromosome #14 markers in two Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines of normal origin differ from the Burkitt lymphoma (BL)-associated 14q+ marker.

Two among ten Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines contained a 14q+ marker in a low frequency of the cells (2 and 9%). By means of "mesome-prosome" analysis of the G-band patterns of these markers; it was established that the additional chromosome segments of these two 14q+ markers came from chromosomes #3 and #5, respectively, and not from chromosome #8 as in the 14q+ marker of Burkitt lymphoma. Chromosome #8 was not involved at all in any changes in the ten lymphoblastoid cell lines studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Metabolism of chemical carcinogens by cultured human and rat bladder epithelial cells.

The metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene, aflatoxin B1, N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosoethylmethylamine, and N-nitrosopyrrolidine has been studied in cultures of normal human and rat urinary bladder epithelial cells. The cultures were incubated with radioactively labeled carcinogens for 24 h, and the metabolism was assayed by binding of reactive metabolites to DNa and by the release of metabolites into the medium. Only slight variation in binding level of benzo[a]pyrene to DNa among the three human bladder cell lines was seen, the level of binding being higher than to rat DNA. The major benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adduct (80%) in human bladder cells eluted prior to the adducts formed by reaction of 7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-epoxy - 7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenz[a]pyrene with guanine by high pressure liquid chromatography, but has yet to be identified. The benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adducts were quickly removed and only about 10% of the radioactivity remained associated with human bladder DNA 72 h post-treatment with benzo[a]pyrene. The 7,8- and 9,10-diols of benzo[a]pyrene were the major organo-soluble metabolites formed by both rat and human bladder cells. The primary benzo[a]pyrene metabolites were conjugated to a minor extent only. The highest level of modification of DNA was seen in the case of N-nitrosodimethylamine. N-Nitrosopyrrolidine was oxidized in both the alpha-and beta-position by all three cell lines, the oxidation at the alpha-position being predominant. No binding to DNA was detectable with N-nitrosoethylmethylamine, although this compound was metabolized as measured by the formation of CO2 and aldehydes. These results add the urinary bladder to the list of human organs which have been shown to metabolize chemical carcinogens into electropositive metabolites. However, qualitative differences exist between the data from bladder cells and those from other human organs.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Specificity of tumor cell stimulation of DNA inhibitory cytokine production in vitro.

ST/a splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages sensitized to tumorigenic, isoimmunizing R+ ST-L cells in vivo are stimulated to produce a DNA inhibitory supernatant in vitro when co-cultured with R+ ST-L cells. Studying the cross-reactions with various uninfected and MuLV infected cells, evidence was obtained for the gp70 specificity of this stimulation. T-cell depletion by thymectomy and whole body irradiation caused a moderate reduction of the DNA inhibitory effect of the splenocyte culture supernatant. However, macrophage depletion by silicate caused an almost complete abolishment of DNA inhibitory cytokine production, which could not be restored by the addition of supplementary non-sensitized spleen cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Serological identification of neoantigens on mouse fibroblasts which have undergone "spontaneous" malignant alteration in vitro.

ST-L1 is a cell line established from lung explants from a normal ST/a mouse. The ST-L1 cells have undergone spontaneous malignant alteration in vitro. The cells were rejected after inoculation into syngeneic immunocompetent hosts, and a syngeneic humoral immuneresponse against the ST-L1 cells has been detected. The specificity of this humoral response was investigated. The syngeneic response to ST-L1 was characterized by indirect immunofluorescence tests and by immunoprecipitation of radiolabelled cells and of a C-type virus produced by the cell lines. The specific anti-ST-L1 reactivities were found to be directed against the envelope glycoprotein of an endogenous C-type virus expressed by the antigenic cell line.

Animals↗