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Biomedical subjects

J Khan

Publications and source records attributed to J Khan.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Risk factors for chronic obstructive lung disease in Saudi Arabia.

Based on the clinical impression of a relatively high number of non smoking women with COPD at a tertiary care facility in Saudi Arabia, we performed a case-control study to reveal possible risk factors. Our hypothesis was that the extensive use of incense burners among Saudis was a risk factor of COPD. Fifty consecutive patients with COPD and 71 healthy controls were questioned about risk factors of COPD. As expected more COPD-men than control men were smokers. Very few women smoked. We found no difference in the use of incense burners between cases and controls. On the other hand, two-thirds of the COPD-women and only 1/20 of the control women had been exposed to indoor open fire for more than 20 yr (P < 0.05). Accordingly, indoor exposure to open fire of wood or biomass seems to be a risk factor of COPD among Saudi women.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Total lung collapse after pulmonary infarction.

A case is presented of total lung collapse secondary to intrabronchial blood clot as a complication of pulmonary infarction. The blood clot was removed at bronchoscopy with complete re-expansion of the lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Castleman's disease of the chest. Magnetic resonance imaging features.

The value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of vascular abnormalities in the chest is well established. To our knowledge, however, MRI in Castleman's disease of the chest had not been reported previously. We present a case of Castleman's disease of hyaline vascular type involving the pulmonary hilum where MRI was equal to computed tomography in showing the extent of the disease, but was more informative in demonstrating its relationship with vascular structures.

Castleman Disease↗
PubMed1994

CT-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of mediastinal tuberculosis.

Twenty-two patients with mediastinal tuberculosis were reviewed. The most common symptoms were chest pain, cough, fever, and weight loss. Results of the physical examination were unremarkable. The chest radiographs of all 22 patients showed abnormal mediastinum with no evidence of extramediastinal disease. Most (62%) had right-sided paratracheal lymphadenopathy. Mantoux skin test was positive (> 15 mm) in all patients, whereas sputum smears and cultures for acid-fast bacilli were negative. Computed tomographic (CT) guided fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB) were performed in 12 patients using 22- to 25-gauge needles. Ten patients had fiberoptic bronchoscopic (FOB) examination with brushings and biopsies. Mediastinoscopy (n = 8) or thoracotomy (n = 6) was performed in patients where either FNAB or FOB was not diagnostic or where lymphoma was suspected clinically. The rates of true-positive diagnoses were 20%, 66%, 75%, and 100% for FOB, FNAB, mediastinoscopy, and thoracotomy, respectively. The rate of false-negative for FNAB was 34%. Only one patient developed nonsignificant pneumothorax after FNAB. These findings suggest that CT-guided FNAB is a useful and safe procedure and should be considered in the initial evaluation of patients suspected of having mediastinal tuberculosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Pulmonary metastases of gestational trophoblastic tumor. Risk factors for early respiratory failure.

Between January 1980 and December 1990, 75 (57.3%) of 131 patients with metastatic gestational trophoblastic tumor had pulmonary metastases detected on plain chest roentgenography at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre. Pulmonary involvement was commonly extensive, with 32 (42.7%) patients having > 10 pulmonary metastases and 45 (60%) patients having a pulmonary lesion > 5 cm in diameter. Greater than 50% lung opacification, mediastinal involvement and pleural effusion were present in 25 (33.3%), 25 (33.3%) and 36 (48%) patients, respectively. Eight (10.7%) patients developed early respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation within one month of presentation. The development of early respiratory failure was significantly associated with the presence of dyspnea, anemia, clinical pulmonary hypertension, cyanosis, > 50% lung opacification, mediastinal involvement and bilateral pleural effusion. Because all patients requiring mechanical ventilation died, the use of extracorporeal perfusion should be considered in patients with early respiratory failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Neutropenic enterocolitis associated with Clostridium tertium.

A 15 year old boy being treated for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia developed severe diarrhoea and abdominal pain which worsened despite empirical antibiotic treatment. A right hemicolectomy was performed. The caecum and ascending colon showed changes typical of neutropenic enterocolitis. Clostridium tertium was isolated from faeces, blood cultures, and from the resected gut wall, with no evidence of other organisms capable of causing such a condition. As far as is known, this is the first reported case in which neutropenic enterocolitis has been associated with well documented C tertium infection, an organism previously described as a cause of bacteraemia in neutropenic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Karachi, Pakistan.

We determined the primary and secondary resistance of isolates of M. tuberculosis to the standard antituberculous drugs in Karachi (Pakistan). Primary resistance to one or more anti-tuberculous drugs was found in 17% of 123 isolates of M. tuberculosis (obtained from patients with no history of previous treatment for tuberculosis). Secondary resistance was found in 36% of 33 isolates (obtained from individuals who had received anti-tuberculous treatment in the past). The drug to which organisms were most commonly resistant was isoniazid (11% primary resistance, 30% secondary resistance). Fifteen per cent of isolates obtained from previously-studied patients showed secondary resistance to rifampicin. We discuss the importance of these findings for tuberculosis treatment and control.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1993

Sarcoidosis in native Saudis.

Sarcoidosis is believed to be rare in Saudi Arabia. We report twenty cases of sarcoidosis among native Saudis followed-up at our tertiary care centre. The majority (55%) of these patients were referred as either tuberculosis or lymphoma. Twelve out of twenty patients had been or were being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis at the time of presentation. The clinical presentation of these patients was similar to the western pattern of disease with some differences such as severe constitutional symptoms (52%), relative frequent eye involvement (35%) and common occurrence of stage II changes on chest film (70%). Mantoux skin test was negative in nineteen patients (95%). Histological evidence of non-caseating granulomata was obtained in 19 patients. A positive correlation (p < 0.034) between constitutional symptoms and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) levels was noted. Thirteen patients (65%) were treated with oral steroids while topical ophthalmic steroids were used in seven patients (35%). Functional and radiographic deterioration was observed in four patients (20%). Three patients went into respiratory failure including a patient who developed Hodgkin's lymphoma six years after the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. The epidemiology of sarcoidosis among native Saudis requires further studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The effects of a pressure relief mattress on postnatal head molding in very low birth weight infants.

Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants often develop postnatal head molding (PHM)--an elongation of the skull--when a standard, firm mattress is used. This study was undertaken to determine if a pressure relief mattress (PRM) might reduce the severity of PHM. One hundred twenty-eight infants (birth weight range 567-1,490 gm, mean 1,084; gestational age range 24-36 weeks, mean 28.5) with no congenital or acquired anomalies affecting head growth were randomly assigned to a control group (standard, firm mattress) or a study group (PRM). Study infants were placed on the PRM within 72 hours of birth. Occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) and anterior-posterior (AP) and biparietal (BP) diameters were measured at day four, seven, and then at one week intervals of life until the infant reached 2,000 gm or was discharged. An electronic digital caliper with an accuracy of 0.025 mm was used to obtain the AP and BP measurements. T-tests revealed no significant differences in head shape between the two groups. In conclusion, the pressure relief mattress did not reduce PHM in VLBW infants.

Bedding and Linens↗
PubMed1992

Marriage delays in Pakistan: analysis of selected view points.

The authors explore reasons for the observed increases in marriage age in Pakistan. "Using anecdotal data from urban Pakistan, an attempt is made in this paper to analyse the perceived reasons that cause delay in marriage as well as some suggestions made by the respondents of this study to overcome the delay if necessary. In [pursuing] this objective, regional and gender variations with regard to reasons and suggestions are discussed."

Asia↗
PubMed1990

Spinal cord dysfunction complicating meningococcal meningitis.

A 29 year old male developed paraplegia during the acute phase of meningococcal meningitis. Possible mechanisms for this unusual complication are discussed and the literature regarding spinal cord complications of pyogenic meningitis is reviewed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Job satisfaction among public health nutrition personnel.

This study investigated the job satisfaction of public health nutrition personnel and examined specific factors related to that satisfaction. The 584 persons who responded to a mailed questionnaire were, on the whole, moderately satisfied with their positions in public health. Satisfaction with the "kind of work" they did and satisfaction with coworkers were the major factors contributing to overall job satisfaction. Of the job components examined, respondents were the least satisfied with the pay they received. Older respondents who had been in the profession a longer time were more satisfied with their jobs than their younger counterparts.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The relationship between scholastic progress and nutritional status. Part I. A study of 488 school beginners.

The reading progress of 488 Chatsworth Indian school beginners, in relation to their nutritional status, was assessed. It was found that the majority of the children were grossly growth-retarded and some 90% of them could be classified as slow learners. The significance of these findings is discussed. It is recommended that dietary supplementation be introduced for preschool as well as for school-going children in communities where growth retardation is prevalent.

Achievement↗