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Biomedical subjects

J Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to J Kelly.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

An unusual cause of bruising in an 80-year-old woman.

PRESENTATION: a previously fit 80-year-old woman presented with a 2-week history of spontaneous and extensive bruising affecting all four limbs. The severity was such that she required a transfusion of 8 units of blood. RESULTS OF INVESTIGATIONS: a markedly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time which was only partially corrected with normal plasma; tests for lupus anticoagulant were negative. Factor VIII levels were reduced and the Bethesda assay indicated an acquired inhibitor to factor VIII. She was treated with a combination of intravenous immunoglobulin and immunosuppression. OUTCOME: the response to treatment was excellent, with a marked reduction in anti-factor VIII antibody levels and resolution of the bruising over the next few weeks.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Comparative survival rates of human-derived probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei and L. salivarius strains during heat treatment and spray drying.

Spray drying of skim milk was evaluated as a means of preserving Lactobacillus paracasei NFBC 338 and Lactobacillus salivarius UCC 118, which are human-derived strains with probiotic potential. Our initial experiments revealed that NFBC 338 is considerably more heat resistant in 20% (wt/vol) skim milk than UCC 118 is; the comparable decimal reduction times were 11.1 and 1.1 min, respectively, at 59 degrees C. An air outlet temperature of 80 to 85 degrees C was optimal for spray drying; these conditions resulted in powders with moisture contents of 4.1 to 4.2% and viable counts of 3.2 x 10(9) CFU/g for NFBC 338 and 5.2 x 10(7) CFU/g for UCC 118. Thus, L. paracasei NFBC 338 survived better than L. salivarius UCC 118 during spray drying; similar results were obtained when we used confocal scanning laser microscopy and LIVE/DEAD BacLight viability staining. In addition, confocal scanning laser microscopy revealed that the probiotic lactobacilli were located primarily in the powder particles. Although both spray-dried cultures appeared to be stressed, as shown by increased sensitivity to NaCl, bacteriocin production by UCC 118 was not affected by the process, nor was the activity of the bacteriocin peptide. The level of survival of NFBC 338 remained constant at approximately 1 x 10(9) CFU/g during 2 months of powder storage at 4 degrees C, while a decline in the level of survival of approximately 1 log (from 7.2 x 10(7) to 9.5 x 10(6) CFU/g) was observed for UCC 118 stored under the same conditions. However, survival of both Lactobacillus strains during powder storage was inversely related to the storage temperature. Our data demonstrate that spray drying may be a cost-effective way to produce large quantities of some probiotic cultures.

Bacteriocins↗
PubMed2000

Schizophrenia is not disappearing in south-west Scotland.

BACKGROUND: Recent work has reported a decline in the incidence of schizophrenia, but it is unclear if these findings reflect a true decrease in its incidence or are an artefact arising from methodological difficulties. AIMS: To take account of these methodological difficulties and report service-based incidence rates for schizophrenia in Dumfries and Galloway in south-west Scotland for 1979-98. METHOD: Using both clinical diagnoses and diagnoses generated from the Operational Checklist for Psychotic Disorders (OPCRIT) computer algorithm for ICD-10 and DSM-IV schizophrenia, we measured change in the incidence rates over time. We used indirect standardisation techniques and Poisson models to measure the rate ratio linear trend. RESULTS: There was a monotonic and statistically significant decline in clinically diagnosed schizophrenia. The summary rate ratio linear trend was 0.77. However, using OPCRIT-generated ICD-10 and DSM-IV diagnoses, there was no significant difference over time. CONCLUSIONS: OPCRIT-generated consistent diagnoses revealed no significant fall in the incidence of schizophrenia. Changes in diagnostic practice have caused the declining rates of clinically diagnosed schizophrenia in Dumfries and Galloway.

Factor Analysis, Statistical↗
PubMed2000

The Cochrane Library: a resource for current reviews of clinical evidence.

The Cochrane Library is a tool for physicians and other health care practitioners seeking evidence to inform their decisions. The systematic reviews provide a high-quality synthesis of the current literature, saving time for busy people. To make the library more user-friendly, the collaboration plans to produce a consumer summary for each topic in the Database of Systematic Reviews and a cancer library aimed at the general public. In contrast to some of the questionable health-related resources on the Web, the Cochrane Library is an authoritative reference that can help physicians with everyday treatment decisions. The collaboration's commitment to keeping its resources up to date through vigorous support of reviewers should ensure that it remains a valuable Internet tool for physicians.

Databases as Topic↗
PubMed2000

Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of 10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin, a new antifolate.

The 10-deazaaminopterins are a new class of rationally designed antifolates demonstrating greater antitumor effects than methotrexate in murine tumor models and human tumor xenografts. Their design was aimed at improving membrane transport and polyglutamylation in tumor cells, resulting in increased intracellular accumulation and enhanced cytotoxicity. Compared with other 4-aminofolate analogues, 10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin (PDX) is the most efficient permeant for the RFC-1-mediated internalization and substrate for folylpolyglutamate synthetase. PDX demonstrates greater in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacy than methotrexate or edatrexate. We undertook a Phase I study with PDX to identify the potential toxicities and define an optimal dose and schedule. Thirty-three patients were enrolled, all of whom had non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and were treated previously with a median of two prior chemotherapy regimens. Initially, PDX was administered weekly for 3 weeks in a 4-week cycle. Mucositis requiring dose reduction and/or delay in the first cycle occurred in four of six patients treated at the initial dose level (30 mg/m2), making this the maximal tolerated dose for PDX given on this schedule. The treatment schedule was then modified to every 2 weeks. Twenty-seven patients were treated twice weekly with a total of 102 four-week cycles (median, 2 cycles/patient). Mucositis was the dose-limiting toxicity, with grade 3 and 4 mucositis occurring in the first two patients treated at the 170 mg/m2 dose level. Other toxicities were mild and reversible. No neutropenia was observed. The recommended Phase II dose is 150 mg/m2 biweekly. At that dose level, the mean area under the curve was 20.6 micromol x h, and the mean terminal half-life was 8 h. Two patients with stage IV NSCLC had major objective responses, and five patients had stable disease for 7 (two patients), 9 (one patient), 10 (one patient), and 13 months (one patient). PDX is a new antifolate with manageable toxicity and evidence of antitumor activity in NSCLC. A Phase II trial in NSCLC and a Phase I trial with paclitaxel are under way. These studies will also quantitate the expression of genes controlling internalization (RFC-1) and polyglutamylation of PDX in tumor cells as correlates of response.

Aminopterin↗
PubMed2000

Going wireless.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2000

A case of haemophagocytic syndrome and Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease occurring concurrently in a 17-year-old female.

An unusual case in which a young Asian female presenting with fever, lymphadenopathy and cytopaenia was found to have distinct histological features of both haemophagocytic syndrome (HS) and histiocytic necrotising lymphadenitis (Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, KFD) is presented. We review the clinical features of each of these rare, but important, diagnoses and propose the hypothesis that they may form part of a disease continuum, rather than representing separate entities.

Adolescent↗