Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to J Kelly.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Metabolic cost of ice and in-line skating in Division I collegiate ice hockey players.

This study compared the metabolic cost of ice skating and in-line skating in Division I collegiate hockey players. Heart rate and oxygen uptake were compared between the two conditions at three skating velocities: 12.5 km.h-1, 16.5 km.h-1, and 20 km.h-1. Twelve subjects were tested on two occasions: on ice (ice skating) and off ice (in-line skating). They skated for 3 min at each velocity, with heart rate recording and gas collection taking place during the final 30 s of each stage. A two-factor repeated measures ANOVA revealed that the chosen velocities affected the two conditions differently for heart rate (p < .01). No interaction between condition and velocity was found for absolute (p < .43) and relative (p < .15) oxygen uptake. In-line skating produced significantly greater heart rate values and absolute oxygen uptake values than ice skating at all three velocities (p < .05). In-line skating also generated significantly greater relative oxygen uptake values at 16.5 km.h-1 and 20 km.h-1. Results suggest that the metabolic cost of in-line skating is greater than that of ice skating for collegiate ice hockey players when skating at three velocities similar to those skated during game conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Potent effects of human galanin in man: growth hormone secretion and vagal blockade.

Human galanin (hGAL) is a 30-amino acid neurohormone that has recently been shown to differ significantly from porcine and rat GAL. We investigated the endocrine and cardiovascular effects of hGAL in eight male volunteers. On three separate occasions, each received a 90-min infusion of saline, low dose (33 pmol/kg.min) and high (132 pmol/kg.min) dose hGAL, combined with an iv glucose bolus (to assess effects on insulin and GH release). hGAL was undetectable, 1.4 +/- 0.2 nmol/L, and 3.7 +/- 0.5 nmol/L during control, low dose, and high dose studies, respectively. The half-life of hGAL was 3.5 +/- 0.5 min. GH levels rose significantly in both studies (vs. control) and were not suppressed by hyperglycemia [low dose area under the curve (AUC), 1827 +/- 348 micrograms/min.L (P < 0.05); peak, 19.5 +/- 5.3 micrograms/L; high dose AUC, 1896 +/- 401 micrograms/min.L (P < 0.005); peak, 28.0 +/- 7.5 micrograms/L]. PRL levels rose significantly with the high dose study only (AUC, 12.8 +/- 1.1 micrograms/min.L; P < 0.01). FSH, LH, and catecholamine levels were unchanged. Glucose-stimulated insulin release was not inhibited. There was a dose-dependent increase in pulse rate and a profound decrease in sinus arrhythmia, but no change in blood pressure. These cardiovascular effects have not been reported with studies in humans using GAL of other species. We conclude that hGAL may play an important role in man in modulating GH secretion and cardiac vagal tone, but not insulin release.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of liquid-junction and coaxial interfaces for capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry with application to compounds of concern to the aquaculture industry.

The application of capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) to the analysis of compounds of concern to the aquaculture industry is reported. Two different approaches to coupling the CE column to an IonSpray atmospheric pressure ionization (API) interface, viz., a liquid-junction and a coaxial arrangement, are describe and compared with regard to ruggedness, ease of use, sensitivity and electrophoretic performance. The different injection modes used in three commercial capillary electrophoresis systems were also evaluated for their applicability to CE-MS. The use of CE-MS for the analysis of a variety of classes of antibiotics used in the fish aquaculture industry, such as the sulfonamides and their potentiators (e.g., trimethoprim), is demonstrated and was used to confirm the presence of these components in shellfish extracts at the low ppm level. CE-MS was also applied to the analysis of marine toxins such as saxitoxin and its analogues which are associated with paralytic shellfish poisoning, and also the toxins responsible for amnesic and diarrheic shellfish poisoning. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) was used to provide structural information on these analytes, and the ability to distinguish isomeric compounds based on their different migration and fragmentation characteristics using CE-MS-MS is demonstrated.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1992

Determination of erythromycin A in salmon tissue by liquid chromatography with ion-spray mass spectrometry.

A reverse-phase liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method, incorporating gradient elution, is described for the characterization of residual erythromycin A and its metabolites in salmon tissue. The method uses ion-spray, a mild atmospheric pressure ionization technique which provides an abundant protonated molecule well suited for selected ion monitoring experiments. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using collision-induced dissociation was used to provide structural information. The LC/MS method was tested for the analysis of salmon tissue spiked with erythromycin A at levels between 0.01 and 1 p.p.m. A simple extraction and clean-up procedure, slightly modified from that described by Takatsuki et al. (J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 70, 708 (1987)), was used in this work. Using selected ion and selected reaction monitoring techniques, the LC/MS and LC/MS/MS methods provided detection limits of < 10 and 50 ng g-1, respectively. Confirmatory full-scan LC/MS and LC/MS/MS spectra were obtained at the 0.5 and 1 microgram g-1 levels, respectively. Using a combination of these techniques, the presence of residual erythromycin A was confirmed in the tissue of fish administered medicated feed containing the antibiotic. In addition, several metabolites and degradation products of erythromycin A, including anhydro-erythromycin and N-demethyl-erythromycin, were detected and where possible confirmed by comparison with authentic compounds. Although this analytical method has been shown to afford the necessary sensitivity and precision, application of these techniques to high-throughput quantitative analyses will require development of an improved clean-up procedure and preferably also of a suitable surrogate internal standard.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

SK&F 104078, a post-junctionally selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist in the human saphenous vein in vitro.

The present study investigated the effects of SK&F 104078 (6-chloro-9-[(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]-3-methyl-1H,2,3,4,- tetrahydro-3-benzazapine) at pre- and post-junctional alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the human isolated saphenous vein. Noradrenaline (0.001-100 mumol/l) produced concentration-dependent contractions of the human saphenous vein which were competitively antagonised by the alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin (0.01-1.0 mumol/l) and the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, rauwolscine (0.01-1.0 mumol/l), indicating the presence of both post-junctional alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors in this preparation. The selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, UK-14,304 (0.01-100 mumol/l) also produced concentration-dependent contractions of the human saphenous vein which were antagonised by both rauwolscine (0.1 mumol/l) and prazosin (0.1 mumol/l). In the presence of angiotensin II (0.05 mumol/l), which itself produced a transient contraction, rauwolscine (0.1 mumol/l) produced a rightward shift of the UK-14,304 concentration-response curve while prazosin (0.1 mumol/l) had no effect. SK&F 104078 (10.0 mumol/l) under these conditions also produced a rightward shift of the concentration-response curve to UK-14,304, but was at least 100-fold less potent than rauwolscine. At pre-junctional alpha 2-adrenoceptors, exogenous noradrenaline (0.01 and 0.1 mumol/l) induced a concentration-dependent inhibition of stimulation-evoked [7-3H]-noradrenaline release from the human saphenous vein in vitro, which was antagonised by rauwolscine (0.1 mumol/l) and tolazoline (10.0 mumol/l) but not by SK&F 104078 (10.0 mumol/l).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1992

Quantitative morphometric study of muscle in inclusion body myositis.

Clinical and electromyographic findings do not clearly distinguish inclusion body myositis (IBM) from chronic polymyositis (PM). The rimmed vacuoles and filamentous nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions that characterize IBM are often sparse and may be overlooked; conversely, these features may occasionally be seen in other diseases. Preliminary studies suggested that muscle fiber hypertrophy occurred more frequently in IBM than in PM. To investigate whether fiber hypertrophy can be used to improve the ability to separate IBM from PM, we report a morphometric analysis of 28 IBM cases, 22 PM and 22 dermatomyositis (DM) cases. The analysis, using a computer automated system, included proportion of hypertrophied fibers and also fiber type proportions, average fiber diameter, proportion of atrophic and angulated fibers, and the co-dispersion index (CDI). The proportion of hypertrophied fibers was greater in IBM than the other two conditions (IBM (mean +/- SEM) 31.0 +/- 4.7% and 12.2 +/- 2.4% for type 1 and type 2 fibers, respectively, compared to 9.8 +/- 3.0% and 3.3 +/- 1.7% in PM, and 7.7 +/- 2.7% and 3.9 +/- 1.9% in DM). These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05) in both sexes for type 1 fibers and in women for type 2 fibers. Also, the average fiber size and hypertrophy factors for type 1 and type 2 fibers were increased in IBM compared to PM and DM. This study confirms that the presence of muscle fiber hypertrophy in biopsies from IBM patients may help differentiate them from other clinically similar inflammatory myopathies.

Dermatomyositis↗
PubMed1992

Peribulbar anaesthesia: failure to abolish the oculocardiac reflex.

Peribulbar anaesthesia is a form of regional anaesthesia which has been used with increasing popularity in cataract surgery. Recently indications for its use have been extended to include surgery for vitreo-retinal disease and strabismus. This study shows that in nine of 11 patients in whom the oculocardiac reflex was stimulated by traction on an extra-ocular muscle, peribulbar anaesthesia failed to abolish the reflex. In each of these patients, the reflex manifested as a bradycardia. In one subject, the bradycardia was profound, showing no QRS complex for five seconds. We recommend that cardiac rhythm be monitored throughout procedures performed under peribulbar anaesthesia, and that a vagolytic agent be available for immediate use.

Anesthesia, Conduction↗
PubMed1992

Vesico-vaginal and recto-vaginal fistulae.

A personal series of 716 patients with vesico-vaginal and/or recto-vaginal fistulae is presented. Five hundred and seventy-eight patients were managed in Africa, mainly at the Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital, while 138 were kindly referred to me from various parts of Britain. The main cause of such fistulae in the developing world is pressure necrosis from obstructed labour. In the developed world the aetiology is surgery, malignancy, radiotherapy or a combination of these. Other causes include neglected foreign bodies, coital injury and local treatment by an unqualified practitioner. A vesico-vaginal fistula alone was present in 78.8%, a recto-vaginal fistula alone in 4.3%, while 16.9% of patients had both a vesico-vaginal and a recto-vaginal fistula. Six hundred and six (84.6%) patients were cured at the first attempt at repair, 45 (6.3%) failed and 65 (9.1%) had stress incontinence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Improving the quality of governance. A multiunit organization takes steps to strengthen local boards.

"A Plan for the Healthcare Apostolate," adopted in 1981, established goals and strategies to strengthen the Daughters of Charity National Health System-East Central (DCNHS-East Central). The plan provided the basis for a series of steps taken during the past decade to improve local-level governance. DCNHS-East Central has taken actions in the areas of board composition, trustee orientation and development, board leadership, definitions of governance roles and responsibilities, and performance evaluation. These steps have resulted in substantial improvement in the performance of local-level governance functions within DCNHS-East Central.

Catholicism↗
PubMed1992

Injecting quality into the health care building process.

This article, which draws on material from a study undertaken by Rawlinson Kelly Whittlestone (RKW) for the King Edwards' Hospital Fund for London, explores the interrelationships between quality in health buildings and the health building process. It describes the new context for quality improvements in the UK, and attempts to define health building quality from a variety of differing perspectives. It also describes some of the lessons learned and threats to quality from the last 25 years of new health buildings in the UK. Decision points which can compromise quality during the health building process are highlighted. Prerequisites for ensuring that quality is both safeguarded and injected into the health building process are identified and discussed.

Hospital Design and Construction↗
PubMed1992

High Court hands down decision in Rogers v Whitaker.

This is the first time that an issue related to the provision of medical information or advice has been argued before the High Court of Australia. As with any decision of the High Court, there will always be supporters and protagonists. However, one of the benefits of having the High Court pronounce a judgement in this area of law is that it provides the necessary guidance and consistency for all the courts in Australia to follow whenever they are asked to address issues relating to the provision of information or advice in medical negligence cases.

Blindness↗
PubMed1992

Bioquest Limited.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗