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Biomedical subjects

J Kavanaugh

Publications and source records attributed to J Kavanaugh.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Too much of a good thing: overuse injuries of the knee.

Overuse injuries constitute a distinct group of abnormalities arising from excessive stress, repeated microtrauma, inadequate injury repair, or pathologic motion of the knee. Chronic pain resulting from overuse injuries may progress to the point that the patient can no longer perform the inciting activity. MR image appearances of the more common overuse syndromes involving the soft tissues surrounding the knee are presented, pertinent anatomic features are reviewed, and the role of MR imaging in patient management in these disorders is discussed.

Cumulative Trauma Disorders↗
PubMed1983

The reliability of electrolyte measurements in plasma.

The difference between serum and plasma electrolyte measurements and the effects of delay, cooling and addition of sodium heparin on plasma electrolyte measurements were observed. Delay of more than 30 min from sampling to analysis renders plasma potassium measurements unreliable. All other factors assessed produced no changes in plasma electrolyte measurements. Arterial blood gas laboratories can, therefore, reliably provide rapid or serial measurements of plasma sodium and potassium provided the analysis is performed within 30 min of obtaining an appropriate arterial blood sample.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed1980

The spectrophotometric absorbance of Intralipid.

The spectral absorbance of Intralipid, a phospholipid emulsion, was investigated to discern its effect, when parenterally administered, on the spectrophotometric measurement of hemoglobin (Hb), oxyhemoglobin (HbO2), and carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO). While accounting for dilutional factors, various concentrations of Intralipid in both water and hemoglobin solutions were analyzed at six wavelengths commonly used to measure Hb, HbO2 and HbCO. Absorbance increased linearly with Intralipid concentration at all wavelengths, and ranged from 0.034 at 505 nm to 0.019 at 626.6 nm per mg of Intralipid. Therefore, in patients receiving Intralipid, significant errors in Hb, HbO2 and HbCO measurements can be introduced if these measurements are made by oximetry, and the authors suggest that such measurements should be accomplished by methods other than spectrophotometry.

Absorption↗
PubMed1980

Minimizing errors in intrapulmonary shunt calculations.

In 100 critically ill patients, intrapulmonary shunts (Qsp/Qt) calculated by assuming a carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) of zero and a hemoglobin saturation (HbO2) derived from the Severinghaus nomogram were compared to shunts calculated utilizing measured values of HbCO and HbO2. The differences were statistically significant (p less than 0.001). These 100 patients had a mean Hb of 11.9 g/dl and a mean HbCO of 1.7%. Measured shunt calculations in 30 critically patients were prospectively compared with shunt calculations utilizing the mean assumed values derived from the 100 patients initially studies. No statistically significant differences occurred between these two shunts. It is, therefore, concluded that errors attributable to the common practice of assuming zero HbCO and deriving HbO2 from nomograms will produce falsely high calculated intrapulmonary shunt values in critically ill patients. It is, therefore, important to measure accurately HbCO and HbO2 concentrations when monitoring intrapulmonary shunting in critically ill patients. However, if such measurements cannot be obtained, utilization of an assumed value of 1.5% for HbCO and HbO2 nomogram values will minimize errors in the shunt calculation.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1978

A stable blood product for pH-blood-gas quality control.

We describe how to prepare, store, and use a hemolyzed blood product for simultaneous pH, pCO2, and pO2 quality control. Tonometry of the blood product with two oxygen and two carbon dioxide concentrations resulted in consistent and reproducible values during 38 weeks. The resulting pH values were consistent and reproducible, demonstrating the metabolic acid-base stability of the blood product. We conclude that the proper preparation, storage, and use of the product results in consistent, reproducible, and economical quality control for pH, pCO2 and pO2 blood measurements.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗