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Biomedical subjects

J Kastrup

Publications and source records attributed to J Kastrup.

121 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Lack of effects of thyroid hormones on muscarine cholinergic receptors in rat brain and heart.

The muscarinic cholinergic antagonist 3H-quinuclidinyl benzilate was used to study muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the brain and the heart from triiodothyronine, thyroxine and 6-propyl-2-thiouracil treated rats. Scatchard analysis of the saturation binding studies revealed for each rat in both brain and heart tissue a single group of muscarinic cholinergic receptor binding sites of high affinity. The density and the affinity of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in brain and heart homogenates from treated rats were not different from values obtained in control rats with the exception of triiodothyronine treated rats which showed a slightly but significantly increased equilibrium dissociation constant in the brain homogenates. Furthermore, we observed that the density of the muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the brain was significantly lower in the month of August as compared to March-April, which suggests a seasonal variation. No similar change was observed in heart homogenates. Our results suggest that cardiovascular and central nervous symptoms in patients with thyroid diseases cannot be ascribed to changes in muscarinic cholinergic receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Trimethoprim].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Serum thyroglobulin in acute and chronic liver disease.

In view of the widespread use of serum thyroglobulin determination in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma, the influence of acute and chronic liver disease on serum thyroglobulin concentration was investigated in thirty-seven consecutive patients with histologically proven alcoholic liver cirrhosis and twenty-three patients with acute non-alcoholic hepatitis. Seventy-four healthy volunteers served as controls. Serum thyroglobulin concentration was significantly elevated in cirrhosis: median 29.5 micrograms/l, (range 4.3-94.0 micrograms/l) compared to controls: median 16.0 micrograms/l, (range 4.8-89.6 micrograms/l), (P less than 0.001). Serum thyroglobulin concentration in patients with acute hepatitis: median 16.2 micrograms/l, (range 7.9-70.0 micrograms/l) was not significantly different from controls. The level of free-T3-index was significantly reduced and the level of free-T4-index was significantly elevated in both cirrhosis and hepatitis compared to controls. Serum TSH concentration was significantly elevated in cirrhosis compared to hepatitis and controls. Serum thyroglobulin levels were positively correlated to levels of free-T3-index (r = 0.35, P less than 0.05) and T3/T4-ratio (r = 0.40, P less than 0.05) but not to levels of serum TSH or free-T4-index or any of the liver function tests in any of the groups. In conclusion, our results do not clearly indicate whether the elevated serum thyroglobulin level in cirrhosis was caused by an impaired elimination and/or an increased secretion from the thyroid gland. The increase in serum thyroglobulin concentration in chronic alcoholic liver disease was not of a magnitude likely to cause misinterpretation of results obtained during the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Histamine content and mast cell count of detrusor muscle in patients with interstitial cystitis and other types of chronic cystitis.

The quantitative mast cell count in the detrusor muscle, the histamine content and the degree of collagen staining material in the bladder wall have been evaluated in order to elucidate their value in distinguishing between patients with interstitial cystitis and other types of chronic cystitis. The number of mast cells in the detrusor muscle was statistically significantly increased in patients with interstitial cystitis compared with the control group (P less than 0.0001). With a proposed level of greater than 20 mast cells/sq mm of muscle tissue the diagnostic specificity was 88% and the diagnostic sensitivity 95%. The histamine content in the bladder wall was significantly increased in patients with interstitial cystitis (P less than 0.05) but not useful as a diagnostic test. The amount of collagen staining material was significantly increased in the intra- and inter-fascicular muscle tissue of the bladder in patients with interstitial cystitis (P less than 0.0005, P less than 0.001) and might be used as a support for the histological diagnosis, even in patients with uncontracted bladders.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mexiletine for treatment of chronic painful diabetic neuropathy.

Sixteen of nineteen patients completed a randomised double-blind crossover trial to assess the effect of oral mexiletine (10 mg/kg bodyweight daily) on the symptoms and signs of chronic painful diabetic neuropathy. The median age of the sixteen patients was 50 years (range 30-64). Assessment with a five-item clinical symptom scale showed significant improvement during the mexiletine phase compared with the placebo phase. Pain was reduced during mexiletine but not during placebo, as assessed by a visual analogue rating scale. Mexiletine treatment had no effect on tendon reflexes, vibration threshold levels, beat-to-beat variation in heart rate during deep breathing, and postural blood pressure response. Mild side-effects were seen in three of the sixteen patients during mexiletine treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of strict metabolic control on regulation of subcutaneous blood flow in insulin-dependent diabetic patients.

The effect of 10 weeks of improved metabolic control on the impaired autoregulation of the subcutaneous blood flow was studied at the level of the lateral malleolus in eight long-term insulin-dependent diabetic patients with clinical microangiopathy. Blood flow was measured by the local 133-Xenon washout technique. Mean arterial blood pressure was reduced by a maximum of 23 mmHg by elevating the limb above heart level and elevated to a maximum of 65 mmHg by head-up tilt; in the latter position venous pressure was kept constantly low by activation of the leg muscle vein pump (heel raising). Improved metabolic control was achieved using either continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion or multiple insulin injections. The blood glucose concentration declined from (median) 12.7 to 6.8 mmol/l and the HbA1C level from 10.1 to 7.5% during strict metabolic control (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.01, respectively). The slope of the subcutaneous blood flow autoregulation curves during poor metabolic control (median: 11.6% per 10 mmHg, range: 8.0-30.5% per 10 mmHg) was not significantly different from the slope values during improved metabolic control (13.4% per mmHg, 10.1-24.4% per mmHG). No association was demonstrated between the impaired autoregulation of subcutaneous blood flow and the metabolic parameters. Our results indicate that improved metabolic control for 10 weeks has no effect on the impaired autoregulation of subcutaneous blood flow in long-term insulin-dependent diabetic patients with clinical microangiopathy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nocturnal subcutaneous hyperaemia in the lower leg and foot of type 1 diabetic patients.

Nocturnal fluctuations in subcutaneous blood flow in the lower leg and foot were measured during sleep in Type 1 diabetic patients without autonomic neuropathy. Subcutaneous blood flow was measured, simultaneously, 100 mm above the malleolus on the medial aspect of the right lower leg and at the dorsum of the left foot in 10 diabetic patients, and on the right lower leg only in 10 normal human subjects over 12-20 h. The 133Xe wash-out technique, portable CdTe (Cl) detectors and a portable data storage unit were used. The tracer depots were applied by means of the epicutaneous, atraumatic labelling technique. In diabetic patients, subcutaneous blood flow increased 102 +/- 68% in the lower leg and 111 +/- 98% in the foot at 113 +/- 32 min and 107 +/- 37 min, after going to sleep. The hyperaemic phase lasted 128 +/- 43 min and 150 +/- 42 min, respectively. The hyperaemic response was not different from that in the control subjects (89 +/- 61%). There was no significant correlation between the absolute hyperaemia in the leg and that in the foot. In conclusion, Type 1 diabetic patients without autonomic neuropathy have normal nocturnal hyperaemia during sleep.

Adipose Tissue↗