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Biomedical subjects

J Kamper

Publications and source records attributed to J Kamper.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Long term prognosis of infants with severe idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. I. Neurological and mental outcome.

76 out of 77 children surviving IRDS with the aid of intermittent positive pressure ventilation have been followed-up by the age 2.6-7.6 years together with 68 matched controls. Moderate or severe neurological, developmental or mental abnormalities were present in 17% of all IRDS survivors. Statistical comparison of the matched pairs of IRDS survivors and controls revealed no significant differences in the prevalence of abnormalities. In the IRDS survivors the occurrence of cerebral palsy related to prematurity while the development of psycho-motor and mental retardation related to low birth weight and low milk intake during the first week suggesting that both prenatal and postnatal growth retardation may have been of importance. Statistical analysis of a number of preventilatory and ventilatory parameters did not show significant differences between these groups of IRDS survivors and the remainder. Ventilator treatment is recommended as a promising adjunct to the therapy of severe IRDS in centers where the necessary experience and equipment is at hand.

Child Development↗
PubMed1978

Long term prognosis of infants with severe idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. II. Cardio-pulmonary outcome.

75 out of 77 children surviving IRDS with the aid of intermittent positive pressure ventilation have been followed up by age 2.6-7.6 years together with 68 matched controls. The morbidity of lower respiratory tract illnesses was significantly higher in IRDS survivors than in controls affecting a total of 48%, half whom were admitted to hospital on at least on occasion. Only 3 IRDS survivors had pneumonias beyound their third year, however. One child suffered from a moderate stridor due to a partial laryngeal stenosis and one from some dyspnoea at function caused by broncho-pulmonary dysplasia. Thoracic X-ray changes were found significantly more often and more marked in IRDS survivors but on the whole the changes were discrete. Neither the occurrence of pneumonia nor X-ray changes in the IRDS survivors were statistically relatable to a number of neonatal or therapeutical characteristics. Measurements of heart volume, respiratory frequency, oxygen saturation and acid-base values did not differ between the groups. Ventilated IRDS survivors, even with some degree of radiographic demonstrable residua, thus seem to have a good long-term prognosis with regard to lung function, irrespective of a preliminary high morbidity of lower respiratory tract illnesses.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1976

Umbilical vein catheterization and portal hypertension.

Portal hypertension is a rarely encountered late complication of umbilical vein catheterization. A survey of the 38 cases previously published is presented together with an additional case report. It is concluded that catheterization for more than 2 days carries an increased risk of thrombosis, and that umbilical artery catheterization should be preferred in the majority of cases due to a reduced risk of complications. The correct position of the catheter tip must always be controlled by fluoroscopy or X-ray. Infusion of hypertonic solutions with unphysiological pH should be restricted and umbilical vessel catheterization should only be carried out in severe cases. Pretreatment of the catheters with heparin possibly reduces the hazards.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1976

Congenital chloridorrhoea. A question of reversed brush border transport processes and varying junctional tightness.

The surprising results of intestinal perfusion studies in an 8-month-old child with congenital chloridorrhoea offered a unique opportunity not only to elucidate the underlying defect, but also to test the adequacy of proposed models for normal intestinal transport. In ileum Na, K and Cl as well as water were secreted and HCO3 absorbed. Lumen was 91 mV negative to blood. Only Cl was transported against both electrical and chemical gradients, but discrepancies between observed and predicted Na flux ratios suggested the presence of a Na-absorbing mechanism as well. Mucosa was impermeable to Cl from the lumen side. 2.5 mM glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDC) mediated Na and water absorption and abolished any transport of Cl. PD was -95 mV. In colon a similar pattern was observed and mucosa to serosa fluxes of Cl were abnormally low. Rectal PD was -116 mV. GCDC made the epithelium more absorptive in function, but contrary to ileum the effect was due to an increase of Na and Cl fluxes from mucosa to serosa. The patient was at that time in severe electrolyte imbalance. He was reinvestigated three months later when he was in a good clinical condition with normal serum electrolytes. Net transfer of electrolytes and water and bidirectional fluxes of Cl and K were unchanged while bidirectional Na fluxes had increased considerably and PD decreased to -18 mV. Rectal PD was -45 mV. In jejunum water and electrolyte transport were normal and PD -3 mV. It is tentatively concluded that the abnormal transport in ileum is due to an inversion of the brush border transport processes, which also satisfies the paradoxical effects of GCDC. Furthermore, Na and Cl seem to migrate through separate pathways. A varying degree of junctional tightness, which is almost completely cationic, may be responsible for the functional differences observed in resonse to improvement of the general electrolyte status.

Biological Transport, Active↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early treatment of idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome using binasal continuous positive airway pressure.

During a 3-year period (1979-81) 85 premature infants with idiopathic respiratory distress (IRDS) were treated early with an easily applicable light-weight CPAP-system with a binasal tube and a gas jet. We used conservative criteria for ventilator treatment. The treatment proved sufficient in 18 out of 25 infants with a birth weight less than or equal to 1500 g and in 53 out of 60 infants with a birth weight greater than 1500 g. Seven infants developed pneumothorax during CPAP treatment. Seventy-four infants survived, all without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. At the age of 1.5-4.5 years the incidence of respiratory tract infections did not differ from that in a group of siblings; and the incidence of lower respiratory tract infections was low compared to previous studies. With the criteria used, early CPAP proved effective in the majority of infants with IRDS.

Birth Weight↗