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Biomedical subjects

J Kaim

Publications and source records attributed to J Kaim.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Two in-office bleaching systems: a scanning electron microscope study.

The purpose of this investigation was to analyze by scanning electron microscopy the effects of heated and light-absorbing bleaching agents on enamel surface morphology. Twelve freshly extracted human anterior teeth were selected for this study. The teeth were randomly divided into four equal groups: Group I (control), Group II (teeth treated with Opalescence Quick, a heated bleaching agent), Group III (teeth treated with Opalescence Xtra, a light-absorbing bleaching agent), Group IV (teeth treated with Ultra-Etch 35% phosphoric acid etchant). After receiving a prophylaxis with a slurry of pumice, the bleaching materials were applied to the facial enamel surfaces following the manufacturer's specifications. The teeth in Group IV were etched for 15 to 20 seconds, washed, and air-dried. All specimens were prepared for scanning electron microscope evaluations. Scanning electron microscope micrographs indicated that only those specimens etched with phosphoric acid (Group IV) exhibited an etching pattern on the enamel surface. No differences in enamel surface morphology were observed between the untreated control specimens and the specimens treated with the bleaching materials.

Carbamide Peroxide↗
PubMed1998

The ability of an herbal mouthrinse to reduce gingival bleeding.

Forty healthy adult volunteers from the Junior Comprehensive Care Clinics at New York University College of Dentistry were accepted as subjects for this three-month, examiner-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial. To be eligible for a baseline clinical examination, subjects had to first indicate that during the previous six months they habitually brushed their teeth two or more times per day and had noticed "bleeding gums" or "blood in the toothpaste" after brushing or after flossing their teeth. At the baseline examination, subjects were enrolled in the study if they were found to have at least five Löe-Silness gingival bleeding sites and 20 natural teeth, including four molars. Subjects were assigned to one of the two following treatment groups: 1) Herbal Mouth and Gum Therapy; or 2) Control (distilled water and dye). Subjects were instructed to clean their teeth in their usual manner, not to use any other mouthrinses or oral irrigation products for the duration of the study. Subjects were to return for clinical examinations after three months of product use. At these examinations, gingivitis and gingival bleeding scores were recorded. An independent t-test before treatment indicated that there were no significant differences between the baseline evaluations of the two groups in the study. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), comparing gingivitis and bleeding scores from baseline and three months with the baseline scores as a covariate, indicated that Herbal Mouth and Gum Therapy produced a statistically significant effect (p < 0.01) on both parameters relative to the control mouthrinse. The results of this study support the clinical efficacy of Herbal Mouth and Gum Therapy in reducing gingivitis and gingival bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Oral HIV-I recovery in the presence of periodontal disease.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a significant association occurs between the presence of various periodontal diseases and recoverable infectious HIV-I in the saliva of injecting drug users. DESIGN: Five hundred and fifty-one injecting drug users were recruited from various programs associated with the Beth Israel Medical Center. Examiners were 'blinded' to the subject's HIV-I serostatus. A socio-economic and risk factors' survey was conducted and a complete oral examination, including periodontal disease indices was performed. Whole saliva and blood were collected for virus culture. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Recovery of infectious HIV-I in saliva related to presence of periodontal diseases. RESULTS: Those HIV-I seropositive subjects with periodontal diseases did not differ from those HIV-I seropositive subjects without periodontal disease in mean age and immune status. Less than 1% of the HIV-I seropositive subjects had cultivable HIV-I in their saliva while it was present in 78% of PBMCs and 35% of the sera. There was no significant association between infectious HIV-I in saliva, serum, or PBMCs and any of the various periodontal diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of periodontal disease in HIV-I seropositive injecting drug users does not appear to be a potential risk factor for infectious HIV-I in saliva, probably due to the various anti-viral components of saliva.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Antimicrobial properties of glass-ionomer cements and other restorative materials.

The antimicrobial properties of 14 different restorative materials, nine of which were glass-ionomer cements, were compared and observed in this study. The materials were mixed according to manufacturers' specifications and exposed to four types of bacteria commonly found in caries and plaque. Zones of bacterial inhibition were measured for all materials in millimeters. Glass-ionomer cement materials, materials containing zinc oxide, and amalgam produced measureable zones of inhibition.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1989

Microleakage of capsulated glass ionomer cements.

The purpose of this study was to compare marginal leakage in Class V preparations restored and finished within 20 minutes with two different capsulated and syringeable restorative glass ionomer cements. The materials were inserted and finished following manufacturer's specifications. Specimens were thermocycled 125x in fuchsin dye at 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C, mounted in acrylic and sectioned faciolingually. Microleakage was observed and rated on a scale of 0 to 3 at both enamel and cervical margins. The results of this study indicate that: 1) both materials exhibit marginal leakage at enamel and cervical margins, 2) no significant difference in microleakage was found between these materials, and 3) enamel margins leaked less than cementum/dentin margins with each material.

Dental Bonding↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antimicrobial properties of VLC liners.

The antimicrobial activity of several visible light cured glass ionomer and liner materials against three bacteria commonly found in the oral cavity is discussed. Vitrabond light cure glass ionomer produced zones of inhibition against all the bacteria tested in this study. It appeared to resemble a true glass ionomer cement in regard to its antimicrobial properties whereas the other materials used in this study appeared to possess no antimicrobial activity.

Actinomyces↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antimicrobial activity of cavity disinfectants.

The purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of four commercially available cavity disinfectants and one prescription mouthwash as they came into contact with bacteria commonly found in the oral cavity. Streptococcus mutans, salivarius, and Actinomyces viscosus were used in the study. Zones of microbial inhibition were measured in millimeters after 48 hours. The results of this study indicate that all of the antimicrobial agents demonstrated activity against the bacteria tested. Consepsis Solution produced the largest zones of inhibition against all three of the bacteria used.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treating enamel surfaces with a prepared pumice prophy paste prior to bonding.

The use of pumice to remove the salivary pellicle, plaque, and/or surface debris is a well-known procedure. However, pumice can act as a contaminant. Therefore, a slurry of pumice without additives is recommended for use prior to bonding procedures. This article presents a review of the shear bond strengths obtained by bonding composite resin to enamel after the enamel had been cleansed with a slurry of pumice and a premixed caplet of pumice.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sensitivity study in vivo: glass-ionomer versus zinc-phosphate bases beneath amalgam restorations.

This study in vivo evaluated the sensitivity of class 1 and 2 amalgam restorations which had bases of either zinc phosphate or an admix, silver-reinforced glass ionomer. The evaluation of sensitivity was done by providing the patient with five postcard questionnaires to be mailed to the clinic over a period of time from one to 28 days. Teeth restored with amalgam and silver-reinforced glass ionomer were significantly less sensitive to cold than those restored with amalgam and zinc phosphate.

Dental Amalgam↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A single-component bonding system microleakage study.

The microleakage of a one-component bonding system is compared to a two-component system and a control. Class V cavity preparations were prepared in extracted teeth under high speed and water coolant so that incisal/occlusal margins were in enamel, and gingival margins were in dentin. Group I was restored with composite and no bonding agent; Group II was restored with Prime and Bond and composite, and Group III was restored with ProBond and composite. All specimens were thermocycled in fuchsin dye to evaluate the degree of microleakage. Significant differences were observed between the no bonding agent group and the Prime and Bond and ProBond groups. The results indicate that the one-step dentin bonding system has the ability to prevent microleakage effectively at both composite-enamel and composite-dentin tooth surface interfaces.

Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Removal of surface stains from enamel surfaces with at-home vital bleaching: a case report.

Stone model casts of a patient's maxillary and mandibular arches were used to fabricate a clear, soft, vacuum-formed custom mouth guard that was scalloped to end 1.0 mm supragingivally. The patient was given prophylaxis and oral hygiene home care instruction, and instructions regarding the placement of an at-home bleaching gel into the mouth guard and the mouth guard into the mouth. The patient was asked to wear the mouth guard for two hours daily before bedtime for one week and to return to the clinic for evaluation. This protocol was followed for three weeks for each arch. At the end of the three weeks, the stains on the most affected teeth were reduced dramatically.

Adult↗