Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J K Warnock.
The literature on alopecia as a side effect of psychotropic medications is reviewed. Drug-induced alopecia usually presents as a diffuse, nonscarring alopecia that is reversible upon withdrawal of the drug. Certain psychotropic drugs--such as the beta-blockers, lithium, and anticonvulsants--are most likely to induce a drug-related alopecia. The evaluation and management of psychiatric patients with drug-induced alopecia are discussed.
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The authors review the literature on adverse cutaneous reactions to antidepressant medications. The prevalence of rashes ranges from approximately 2% to 4% but is higher for certain antidepressants such as maprotiline and carbamazepine. Antidepressant drug reactions result in a variety of cutaneous morphologic patterns, but the majority of eruptions are exanthematous. The patterns of these reactions are similar whether the pathogenesis is mediated by immunologic or nonimmunologic mechanisms. The management of patients with adverse cutaneous reactions to antidepressants is discussed, and various recommendations are given.
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Menopause, surgical or naturally occurring, with reduced or deficient ovarian functioning has a major impact on morbidity and mortality in mid- to late life. A growing body of literature notes the role of androgens in maintaining women's health and emotional well-being. The administration of physiologic levels of testosterone replacement therapy as an adjunct to estrogen replacement requires further investigation. The Sexual Energy Scale was used to measure the patient's subjective experience of vitality or sexual energy with androgen replacement therapy. Three cases of women who had undergone a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy with complaints consistent with female hypoactive sexual desire disorder and free testosterone levels of < 2.0 pg/ml are presented. Physiologic androgen replacement is helpful in increasing sexual desire for some women.
In a study of 115 women who presented with complaints of premenstrual symptoms, we investigated the relationship between the menstrual cycle and different aspects of sexual functioning, using the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire. Women who were assessed at the screening visit during the late luteal phase of their menstrual cycle reported less desire to engage in sexual activity and less frequent sexual activity than women who were assessed during other phases of the menstrual cycle. The 24 women who returned for the second and third visits reported less frequent orgasms and less satisfaction from their orgasms premenstrually than during midcycle.