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J K Duguid

Publications and source records attributed to J K Duguid.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Measurement of feto-maternal haemorrhage: a comparative study of three Kleihauer techniques and tow flow cytometry methods.

In the UK a Kleihauer test is routinely performed on all RhD-negative women after the birth of an RhD-positive child to ensure that an adequate dose of anti-D immunoglobulin is given. The results of Kleihauer testing are interpreted to assess the volume of any feto-maternal haemorrhage and additional anti-D immunoglobulin is administered if necessary. A similar procedure is followed ante-natally when incidents occur known to be associated with alloimmunization. The performance of Kleihauer tests is difficult to standardize and there can be problems in interpreting the volume of feto-maternal haemorrhage. The use of flow cytometry to measure feto-maternal haemorrhage is reported to give more accurate and reliable results. This study compared three different Kleihauer methods and two different flow cytometry techniques all performed using the same maternal sample and within a single laboratory. The results demonstrated variability between the Kleihauer tests used and also in the flow cytometry measurements. A well-performed Kleihauer test would still appear to be useful as a screening technique for detection of feto-maternal haemorrhage. However, accurate quantitation of size of feto-maternal haemorrhage is more reliably determined by flow cytometry.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1996

The use of pooled red cells and column techniques for routine red cell antibody detection.

The object of antibody screening is to detect all clinically relevant antibodies. In order to do this effectively red cells are selected with an appropriate antigen profile. The introduction of column techniques for antibody screening by indirect antiglobulin testing (IAT) and two-stage enzyme testing (ETC) is perceived to lead to an increased sensitivity and an ability to detect red cell antibodies more easily than by traditional tube techniques because reactions in columns are more easily read and are stable. We evaluated the use of a column technology with pooled red cells for routine antenatal screening. The pooled cells used contained at least one cell with homozygous antigen expression for the majority of clinically significant antibodies known to be present, except for Kell. Pooled cell results were not as easy to read in gel columns when compared with single cell results due to weaker reactions which were often diffused throughout the gel in the column. We concluded that the use of pooled cells led to a decreased sensitivity which proved problematic for the interpretation of results. We used a two-cell and a three-cell pool and found that detection of known antibodies was reduced in IAT and ETC methods.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1995

A case of unexplained mild Rh (D) haemolytic disease in utero.

This report describes the case of a patient with a history of HDN complicated by fetal losses, in which the alloantibody in this particular pregnancy did not appear to cause HDN in utero. No protective HLA-DR antibodies could be demonstrated, and transport of IgG across the placenta appeared to be normal. The infant's red cells possessed a normal D antigen and his mononuclear phagocyte system appeared unimpaired. However, the number of molecules of IgG bound in vivo per fetal red cell was below the level usually associated with significant haemolysis and HDN.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Haemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti-M.

A patient with haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) due to anti-M which required exchange transfusion is described. Anti-M antibodies are usually assumed to be naturally occurring and to consist of immunoglobulin M (IgM); many however have an immunoglobin G (IgG) component. In view of this and the described occurrence of HDN, recommendations are made regarding the management of a pregnancy in which anti-M antibodies are detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Assessment of severity of haemolytic disease of newborn by monocyte monolayer assay.

The present study was undertaken to estimate the predictive value of antibody titration, antibody quantitation and monocyte monolayer assay (MMA) in assessment of severity of haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). Serum samples from 45 alloimmunized mothers, with anti-D(23), anti-c(10), anti-K(6), anti-E(5) and anti-e(1) were taken for the study. The results obtained were compared and the efficiency of each technique in predicting the severity of HDN was assessed. Antibody quantitation and MMA (phagocytic index) correlated well with severity of HDN in mothers with anti-D antibodies. Antibody quantitation (anti-D) had a positive predictive value of 54.5 per cent and negative predictive value of 85.7 per cent while MMA had a positive predictive value of 75 per cent and a negative predictive value of 100 per cent. These findings suggest MMA to be a good negative predictor of HDN but not a good positive predictor of haemolytic disease of the newborn.

Erythroblastosis, Fetal↗
PubMed1994

Autologous bone marrow transplantation for myeloma patients using PNA- and CD19-purged marrow rescue.

A new method of in vitro bone marrow purging using a lectin and monoclonal antibody in combination has been used for the first time in vivo. Two patients with advanced myeloma were treated with high-dose melphalan and total body irradiation and then rescued with autologous bone marrow which had been purged in vitro to remove malignant cells by using a combination of a plasma cell-binding lectin (peanut agglutinin, PNA) and the anti-B lymphocyte monoclonal antibody anti-CD19, bound to magnetised microspheres. Both patients showed rapid engraftment of the purged bone marrow and remain well 36 and 46 months later with normal bone marrow morphology, although one patient still has a low level of circulating paraprotein. This is a promising form of therapy for what has been an invariably fatal condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Prothrombin fragment F1 + 2: correlations with cardiovascular risk factors.

Plasma prothrombin fragment F 1 + 2 (F1 + 2), thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT), fibrinogen and factor VII were related to variables associated with increased cardiovascular risk in 86 plasma donors (49 male and 37 female). F1 + 2 had a log-normal distribution and increased significantly with age and body mass index (BMI). Significantly, higher F1 + 2 levels were found in smoking compared with non-smoking males and in indolent males compared with males taking regular exercise. Higher levels were found in subjects with a parental history of ischaemic heart disease than in those lacking such a history. F1 + 2 correlated strongly with increasing cholesterol in males. Fibrinogen was significantly higher in male smokers than male non-smokers but did not vary with age or BMI. Factor VII correlated strongly with cholesterol and to a lesser extent with fibrinogen, F1 + 2 and BMI, but not with smoking. F1 + 2 correlated more closely with risk factors for cardiovascular disease than fibrinogen and factor VII, and consistently reflected the difference in cardiovascular risk when correlated with risk factors which have markedly different effects between the sexes. It promises to be a useful predictive marker of ischaemic heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Molecular genetic analysis of the ABO blood group system: 4. Another type of O allele.

We have encountered an allele which seems to be another type of O allele at the human histo-blood group ABO locus. We have determined the nucleotide sequence of this allele over the coding region in the last two coding exons. This allele does not possess the single-nucleotide deletion found common among all the O alleles previously analyzed. Compared with A1 allele, this allele has three nucleotide substitutions resulting in two amino acid substitutions. The introduction of these amino acid substitutions into the A1 transferase expression construct apparently abolished the enzymatic activity of A1 transferase.

ABO Blood-Group System↗