[The atlas-axis relationship in lateral bending].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Jirout.
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The results of dynamic radiographic studies of the cervical spine following isometric exercise of the shoulders and the upper extremities appear to indicate that the commonly seen asymmetries of the joints in the craniocervical and cervicothoracic junction are due to asymmetry in the function of the muscles. The obvious dominance of the muscles on the right side demonstrates the dominance of the muscles of the left cerebral hemisphere. The clinical importance of this is pointed out.
The typical features of the sagittal synkinetic patterns shown on anteroposterior pictures after returning the head and neck from maximum lateral inclination to the neutral position, as well as the possibility to remove them by means of manual mobilisation, seem to indicate that they represent the residua of synkineses in the sagittal plane. From this point of view there exists a fundamental difference between kineses and synkineses, the latter being, by contrast, characterised by a very small range but a relatively great tendency to persist. The possible role of these phenomena in the pathogenesis of segmental blockades is discussed.
The technique of the PA axial projection of the arches of the upper cervical vertebrae into the occipital foramen and the normal findings, are described. The influence of maximum forced anteflexion at the craniocervical junction and rotation of the head on the relations of atlas and axis is demonstrated. It seems that in this position rotation at atlas-axis level is restricted and partly transmitted to the C2-3 segment. Thus, selective clinical examination of the rotational component of the dynamics at C2-3 can be achieved and the pathological restrictions of movement can be assessed.
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Significant correlation between the location of the "zero zone" and spondylosis was found in the cervical spine. The possible role of the zero zone in the development of spondylosis is suggested and the deleterious effect of counteracting forces as compared with a unidirectional traction is stressed.
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