Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Jidoi.
A male adult patient with discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) developed lupus erythematosus profundus. We decided to treat him with oral administration of dapsone, which proved to be very effective.
A 5-year-old Japanese girl developed follicular pustules with erythematous plaques on the lower extremities. The histopathology was compatible with eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF). However, the clinical findings were not typical of EPF; the pustules did not appear in crops, the pustules became ulcers, and the skin lesions appeared exclusively on non-seborrheic areas.
Normal human S-carboxymethylated (SCM) hair fibrous protein (HFP) components were purified with two-dimensional electrophoresis, and their amino acid compositions were examined. As previously reported, the SCM cysteine and glycine contents of the crude HFPs were characteristically high and low, respectively, as compared with those reported for the stratum corneum fibrous proteins (SCFPs). However, the SCM cysteine and glycine contents of the purified SCM HFP components were not as high or as low, respectively, but were rather very similar to those of the SCFPs. This suggests that, with respect to cysteine and glycine content, fibrous protein components similar to those of the stratum corneum exist in normal human hair.
Idiopathic calcinosis of the scrotum usually develops in the form of scrotal calcified nodules varying in number from 1 to over 100 and from pinhead to walnut in size. In this paper, we describe a case of this skin disorder which had developed as a solitary pedunculated tumour. To the best of our knowledge, no such patient has been previously described.
S-carboxymethylated (SCM) fibrous proteins from the scalp hair of a patient with hypotrichosis with keratosis pilaris (HTKP) and from that of a normal individual were analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis. One SCM fibrous protein component was different electrophoretically in the HTKP patient. It is suggested that the brittleness of the HTKP hair might result from this alteration of the fibrous protein composition of the hair.
A 56-year-old Japanese man with tinea of the glans penis is described. He did not carry any other tinea lesions except that of the glans penis. Mycological examinations revealed that the causative organism was Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
The susceptibilities of Mycobacterium leprae and M. avium complex (MAC) to the H2-O2-Fe-mediated halogenation system supplemented with antimicrobial agents were evaluated by fluorescein diacetate-ethidium bromide (FDA/EB) staining. In the case of M. leprae, the number of greenstained bacteria (intact cells) was reduced in the presence of the H2O2-Fe-mediated halogenation system supplemented with agents possessing antileprosy activity, such as rifampin, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone (dapsone), clofazimine, and ofloxacin. In the case of the MAC strain, although viable units of the organisms were reduced by the halogenation system alone, the number of greenstained cells in the FDA/EB stain was not reduced, even when the halogenation system was used in combination with ofloxacin. Because stainability of the cells is related to structural and functional intactness of the membrane, differences between M. leprae and the MAC strain imply possible differences in the rigidity of the cell membrane.
Effect of aging on the mode of Mycobacterium intracellulare infection was examined using female ddy strain mice of 6, 12, 24, 48, 64 and 80 weeks old. When mice were infected intravenously with M. intracellulare 31F093 (8 x 10(7] and the incidence and the degree of gross lesions in the lungs and viable number of the organisms in the lungs and spleen were studied at 8 weeks after bacterial challenge, there was no marked difference in the grade of pathological lesions by age. However, all the mice younger than 25-weeks of age survived over the period of 8 weeks after infection, whereas about 30% of mice older than 48-weeks of age died during the course of infection. Thus, it is thought that some parts of old mice were more susceptible to M. intracellulare infection than young mice on the basis of their survival.
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A statistical survey of malignant skin tumors has been carried out involving the outpatients seen at the Dermatological Clinic of Shimane Medical University Hospital during the period between October, 1979 and October, 1984. Out of 9,702 patients seen, 51 were found to have a malignant skin tumor or, statistically, 0.53% of all patients. The number and type of the malignant skin tumor were as follows: squamous cell carcinoma, 16; basal cell epithelioma, 7; Bowen's disease, 6; Paget's disease, 1; a metastatic carcinoma of the skin, 4; a malignant melanoma, 5; a malignant lymphoma, 10; leukemia, 1 and a multicentric reticulohistiocytoma, 1. reticulohistiocytoma, 1.
Xanthine oxidase with acetaldehyde as substrate (the XOA system) generated superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, but this system had only weak bactericidal activity. Addition of Fe2+ and EDTA to the XOA system (XOA-Fe-EDTA system) increased bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium, although both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Candida albicans remained highly resistant. Catalase (H2O2 scavenger) and mannitol (.OH scavenger) almost completely inhibited the bactericidal activity of the XOA-Fe-EDTA system whereas SOD (O2- scavenger) was less inhibitory. Azide (1O2 scavenger) caused no such inhibition. The results suggest the possible role of .OH, H2O2 and O2- in the XOA-Fe-EDTA-mediated antimicrobial system, as effector molecules. There was no correlation between resistance of a given bacterium to active oxygen and the level of endogenous active oxygen-scavengers.
The susceptibilities of six micro-organisms to active oxygen species generated in the xanthine oxidase-mediated bactericidal system were as follows: Escherichia coli 81 greater than or equal to Listeria monocytogenes EGD greater than or equal to Salmonella typhimurium HKB-1 greater than or equal to Staphylococcus aureus Smith much greater than Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv approximately equal to Candida albicans NIH A207 (the last two organisms were essentially resistant to this system). The H2O2-Fe-mediated halogenation system exhibited a higher microbicidal activity. When the micro-organisms were compared for their sensitivity to bactericidal activity of resident mouse peritoneal macrophages (M phi s), C. albicans, Staph. aureus and E. coli were killed rapidly, whereas M. tuberculosis, L. monocytogenes and S. typhimurium were more resistant. In tests for the ability to trigger an oxidative burst in mouse peritoneal M phi s (as measured by chemiluminescence), Staph. aureus showed the highest activity followed by the other organisms in the following order: C. albicans greater than E. coli greater than L. monocytogenes congruent to M. tuberculosis. S. typhimurium exhibited no triggering activity. The high susceptibility of Staph. aureus and E. coli to M phi bactericidal activity, and the partial resistance of L. monocytogenes and M. tuberculosis, correlated with their susceptibility to active oxygen and the H2O2-Fe-mediated halogenation reaction.
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