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Biomedical subjects

J Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to J Jiang.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of Malus floribunda 821 and contig construction for positional cloning of the apple scab resistance gene Vf.

The apple scab resistance gene Vf, originating from the wild species Malus floribunda 821, has been incorporated into a wide variety of apple cultivars through a classical breeding program. With the aim of isolating the Vf gene, a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library consisting of 31 584 clones has been constructed from M. floribunda 821. From the analysis of 88 randomly selected BAC clones, the average insert size is estimated at 125 kb. If it is assumed that the genome size of M. floribunda 821 is 769 Mb/haploid, the library represents about 5x haploid genome equivalents. This provides a 99% probability of finding any specific sequence from this library. PCR-based screening of the library has been carried out using eight random genomic sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCARs), chloroplast- and mitochondria-specific SCARs, and 13 high-density Vf-linked SCAR markers. An average of five positive BAC clones per random SCAR has been obtained, whereas less than 1% of BAC clones are derived from the chloroplast or mitochondrial genomes. Most BAC clones identified with Vf-linked SCAR markers are physically linked. Three BAC contigs along the Vf region have been obtained by assembling physically linked BAC clones based on their fingerprints. The overlapping relatedness of BAC clones has been further confirmed by cytogenetic mapping using fiber fluorescence in situ hybridization (fiber-FISH). The M. floribunda 821 BAC library provides a valuable genetic resource not only for map-based cloning of the Vf gene, but also for finding many other important genes for improving the cultivated apple.

Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial↗
PubMed2001

[Purification feasibility of malodorous waste gas contained H2S and CS2 by DBD technique].

Dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) technique was applied to remove H2S and CS2 in industrial waste gas. In the research of laboratory, when the voltage between two electrodes was 12 kV, 4 x 10(3) Pa H2S was discharged in air for 5 seconds, about 100% of H2S was transformed into H2O and SO2; 1.33 x 10(3) Pa CS2 was discharged in air for 15 seconds, about 80% of CS2 was transformed into CO2, CO and SO2. When the concentration of H2S and CS2 increased, the decomposition of them decreased. Based on the results, a DBD purification apparatus which can dispose 420 m3/h, 10 m/s waste gas was designed and manufactured, the removal rate of H2S can reach 89% and the energy consumption was 5.2 W.h/m3. It was concluded that the DBD technique is worth disposing malodorous industrial waste gases contained H2S and CS2.

Carbon Disulfide↗
PubMed2001

Cytogenetic analysis in 61 couples with spontaneous abortions.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between spontaneous abortion and chromosomal abnormalities. METHODS: Couples who had one or more consecutive spontaneous abortions and had normal genitals were enrolled for cytogenetic karyotype analysis. RESULTS: In the 61 couples, the detected incidence was 11.5%, with five Robertsonian translocations, one reciprocal translocation, and one pericentric inversion of chromosome 7. CONCLUSION: Chromosomal abnormalities may play an important role in fetal wastage.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2001

[Effects of mifepristone on expression of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor in cultured human eutopic and ectopic endometria].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of mifepristone on expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in cultured human eutopic and ectopic endometria. METHODS: Endometrial (n = 22) and endometriotic (n = 12) tissues, obtained from patients with endometriosis, were cultured with and without mifepristone (1 x 10(-6) mol/L, 1 x 10(-4) mol/L) for 7-10 days. The expressions of ER, PR were determined by semi-quantitative immunocytochemistry method. Thirteen normal endometrial samples served as controls. RESULTS: The expressions of ER and PR in normal and eutopic endometrial cells showed the same cyclic pattern. The only difference was the significantly higher PR glandular content in eutopic endometria of endometriosis patients, as compared with normal controls [histochemistry score (H-score) 2.77 +/- 0.32 Vs 2.20 +/- 0.26 P < 0.05]. On the contrary, the ER, PR expressions in ectopic endometrial cells were significantly lower only during the proliferative phase (ER: gland 0.65-2.17 Vs 1.50-3.23, stroma 0.45-1.03 Vs 0.80-1.96; PR: gland 0.55-1.77 Vs 1.55-3.34, stroma 0.40-1.27 Vs 0.98-2.50; P < 0.05-0.01); significantly higher only during the late secretory phase (ER: gland 3.27 +/- 0.31 Vs 0.28 +/- 0.11, stroma 1.87 +/- 0.31 Vs 0.26 +/- 0.15; PR: gland 3.33 +/- 0.23 Vs 0.36 +/- 0.23) as compared with those of eutopic endometria. 10(-6)-10(-4) mol/L of mifepristone significantly suppressed the expressions of ER, PR in both eutopic and ectopic endometrial cells of endometriosis patients (P < 0.01) in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: Expression of ER, PR of endometriotic cells differed significantly from that of endometrial cells of patients with or without endometriosis. The down-regulatory effect on ER and PR may be one of the therapeutic mechanism of mifepristone on endometriosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Gene transfer of CD80 into a human ovarian cancer cell line and induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the proliferation and cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) induced by ovarian cancer cells transfected with a CD80 gene containing retroviral vector. METHODS: The ovarian cancer cell line TYK cells were transfected with retro-virus vector PLXSN-hCD80. After geneticin (G418) selection, the CD80 expression of the transfectants was confirmed by flow cytometry. CTL was induced by co-culture of CD80-expressing TYK cells (TYK-hCD80) and peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in the presence of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (McAb). Proliferation of PBMC was measured using 3H-Thymidine incorporation assay. The lysis activity of CTL toward tumor cells was determined using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. RESULTS: After transfection and G418 selection, the CD80 expression was proved by flow cytometry. The highest rate of CD80 expression was 84.9%. The TYK cell line expressing high CD80 was named TYK-hCD80. In the presence of anti-CD3 McAb, TYK-hCD80 significantly enhanced proliferation of PBMC than TYK cells (3H-Thymidine incorporation, (40,604 +/- 842) vs (8,000 +/- 594) cpm (P < 0.05). The lysis activity of CTL activated by TYK-hCD80 was higher than that of TYK(P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ovarian cancer cells expressing CD80 can induce the production of CTLs which have high lysis activity and high proliferation rate in the presence of anti-CD3 McAb. This study may provide the experimental basis for immunogenic therapy of ovarian cancer.

B7-1 Antigen↗
PubMed2001

[Expression of Fas on monocytes and the level of plasma soluble FasL in patients with chronic renal failure].

OBJECTIVE: The dysfunction of monocytes in uremic patients has been demonstrated to be associated with monocyte accelerated apoptosis. The study was conducted toelucidate the mechanisms by which monocyte apoptosis was induced. METHODS: Seven non-dialyzed chronic uremic patients and 18 hemodialysis (HD) patients were enrolled in the study. Fifteen healthy volunteers were selected as controls. The expression of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) was examined by immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometer analysis. The levels of soluble FasL (sFasL) in plasma were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The percentage of apoptotic cells in monocytes cultured in vitro with recombinant human FasL (rHu-FasL) was quantitated by DNA content analysis after extraction of the degraded DNA. Monocyte survival rate was analyzed by 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) staining. RESULTS: Expression of Fas on monocytes was significantly higher in uremic and HD patients than that in healthy subjects. Higher levels of Fas expression were demonstrated on monocytes from HD as patients compared with those from non-dialyzed patients. There was no difference in monocyte Fas expression between pre- and post-dialysis session and between patients using polysulfone and cellulose dialyzer. There was no detectable FasL expression on monocytes from both uremic patients and healthy controls. Plasma sFasL could be detected in uremic and HD patients, but not in healthy controls. There was no significant difference in levels of plasma sFasL between non-dialyzed and HD patients, pre- and post-dialysis session, and patients treated with polysulfone and cellulose dialyzer. When monocytes were cultured in vitro with rHu-FasL for 2 hours, higher levels of apoptosis and lower survival rate were found in monocytes from HD patients as compared with those from healthy controls. CONCLUSION: The up-regulated expression of functional Fas on monocytes and the presence of sFasL in plasma may contribute to the accelerated apoptosis of monocytes seen in uremic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[The natural history of electrophysiological and magnetic resonance changes of subacute combined degeneration].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the presentations and in the patients with subacute combined degeneration (SCD) changes of electrophysiology (EP) and magnetic resonance image (MRI) before and after treatment and to analyze their values in diagnosis. METHODS: 10 patients received a series of examinations, including clinical neurological functions, serum vitamin B12 and folic acid concentrations, spinal cord MRI, peripheral nerve conduction velocity, sensory evoked potential (SEP) and visual evoked potential(VEP). They were followed up for 3 to 36 months. The changes of spinal cord MRI and SEP before and after the treatment were studied. RESULTS: After Vitamin B12 therapy, all the patients improved,but there were still some abnormalities of SEP left. The lesions could be shown sensitively by EP. The changes of SEP and clinical symptoms correlated with each other. The spinal cord MRIs of most patients showed the lesions objectively, demonstrating primarily long-tape abnormal signals in posterior and lateral columns, iso-intense on T1 and hyper-intense on T2 without contrast. Most lesions were seen at the thoracic cord. The lesions constricted or disappeared when the clinical conditions improved. CONCLUSION: Spinal cord MRI and EP could objectively show the lesions of SCD and the change before and after the treatment. These examinations and the follow-up of disease could be helpful in the diagnosis of SCD.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Regulative effect of P38MAPK on release of TNFalpha and NO from alveolar macrophages under endotoxin stimulation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate activation of P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38MAPK) in alveolar macrophage (AM), release of TNFalpha and NO from cells, and their relationship following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. METHODS: AM was isolated from branch alveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The activation of P38MAPK was assayed by Western blot. SB203580, a specific inhibitor of P38MAPK, was used with gradient concentration to evaluate the regulative effect of P38MAPK on the release of TNFalpha and NO from AM. RESULTS: P38MAPK was activated by LPS (100 ng/ml) with peak activation at 30 minutes. The activation of P38MAPK was inhibited by SB203580. The secretion of TNFalpha and NO stimulated with LPS increased (P<0.01) and was inhibited by SB203580 significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that P38MAPK is involved in the secreting process of TNFalpha and NO following LPS stimulation. P38MAPK may be an important site for controlling the secretion of both inflammatory mediators during lung inflammatory disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

The regulatory effect of ERK1/2 signal pathway on production of TNFalpha induced by LPS in mice Kupffer cells.

OBJECTIVE: To study the rule of ERK1/2 activity and regulative effect of ERK1/2 pathway on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFalpha in mice Kupffer cells (mKC) induced by LPS, and to exploring novel methods to prevent and treat clinical patients of endotoxemia. METHODS: Immunoprecipitate kinase assay and Western blotting analysis were used to detect the phosphorylated ERK1/2 kinase activity in mKC stimulated by LPS, and ELISA was used to study the effect of ERK1/2 signaling cascade on LPS-induced TNFalpha production in mKC. RESULTS: In mKC, LPS treatment resulted in transient and rapid increase of kinase activity of ERK1/2 that phosphorylated their specific substrate ELK-1, with maximal value at 30 minutes and a return near to baseline within 2 hours, and LPS-induced ERK1/2 activity from LPS concentration of 10 pg/ml to the top activity at 100 ng/ml. No activity was observed in unstimulated mKC. Inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway using the specific ERK1/2 signal pathway inhibitor PD98059 caused a marked and concentration-dependent reduction of TNFalpha production. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that LPS can markedly activate ERK1/2 pathway in mKC. PD98059 causes a significant and concentration-dependent reduction of TNFalpha production. ERK1/2 may be a novel target to treat clinical patient of endotoxemia.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Outcome of 2,284 cases with acute traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognosis of 2284 cases with acute traumatic brain injury and discuss possible methods to improve the outcome of head injuries. METHODS: The relationship between trauma cause, trauma severity and management and patient's outcome was retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Good recovery was achieved in 60.20%, moderate disability was 13.22%, severe disability 15.24%, vegetative status 0.31% and mortality 11.03%. The mortality was 1.07% in cases with GCS 15-13, 2.47% in cases with GCS 12-9, 13.29% in cases with GCS 8-6, and 57.4% in cases with GCS 5-3. CONCLUSIONS: To prevent hypoxia, remove intracranial hematoma as soon as possible, use standard large traumatic craniotomy and apply mild hypothermia may be useful means for improving the outcome of severely head injured patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Vitreoretinal surgery with intraocular C3F8 tamponade for retinal detachment due to macular hole without face-down positioning].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of vitreoretinal surgery with 16% perfluoropropane (C3F8) tamponade without face-down positioning in treatment of retinal detachment due to macular hole. METHODS: Twenty-seven consecutive eyes in 27 patients with retinal detachment due to myopic macular hole underwent closed vitrectomy, membrane peeling, gas-fluid exchange with C3F8 tamponade in the whole vitreous chamber. In 3 eyes, phacoemulsification was performed, and 2 of them received intraocular lens implantation. Postoperatively, except avoiding the supine position, the body position was not restricted. RESULTS: Twenty-one cases (78%) obtained successful retinal reattachment without the postoperative face-down positioning. In another 6 cases, because of the relatively quick absorption of the gas, the white macular hole and the subretinal proliferation, the operation was not successful, the hole being not sealed and the retinal detachment at the lower part still existing. In the 3 cases with quick absorption of the gas, on the 10th day after the operation, the body position was changed into a face-down one. In 2 of them, the retinal reattachment occurred. After > 6 months of follow-up, the retinal reattachment remain the same in 22 cases (81%), the macular hole was healed, and the visual acuity was elevated to > or = 0.1 in 19 cases. The main complications were lens opacity in 6 cases (31%), temporary elevation of intraocular pressure in 3 cases (11%). CONCLUSION: Use the methods for the treatment of macular hole and retinal detachment mentioned above may obtain relatively good therapeutic results, particularly suitable for senile and unhealthy cases.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Phacofragmentation of dislocated lens in vitreous cavity].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the surgical techniques and therapeutic effects of phacofragmentation of the dislocated lens in the vitreous cavity. METHODS: Phacofragmentation was performed on 23 eyes of 23 patients with dislocated lens or subluxated lens in the vitreous cavity. With high suction and moderate ultrasound, the nucleus could be emulsified. Energy and time of emulsification: 50%-60% of energy was set up and emulsification spent 43 s to 3 min 23 s (mean 1 min 57 s). The pressure of maximum vacuum aspiration was 110-120 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa). In 11 eyes, anterior chamber intraocular lens (ACIOL) was implanted. Cryoapplications and encircling procedure were also performed on one eye. RESULTS: Phacofragmentation was successful in all patients. After follow-up for 5-19 months (mean 7.2 months), the corrected visual acuity was obviously improved in the cases of ACIOL and Marfan's syndrome, with 12 patients achieving visual acuity of 0.12-0.6. The major complications were corneal edema and damage of iris. CONCLUSIONS: It is demonstrated that phacofragmentation in the central vitreous cavity is safe and fairly easy procedure without adverse effects on retina and sclera. It helps to reduce intraoperative risks of alternative methods, avoiding a large opening of the anterior chamber and hypotony of the globe.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Study on the compliance of antihypertensive drugs in patients with hypertension].

OBJECTIVE: To study the compliance of antihypertensive drugs and its related factors in inpatients and outpatients patients with hypertension. METHOD: Clinical data of 816 inpatients and 497 outpatients were reviewed to study the compliance of antihypertensive drugs and related factors as well as to investigate the utilization of anti-hypertensive medicament, the incidence of the side-effect of the medication and to explore the difference of the blood pressure control between the compliant group and the uncompliant group. RESULTS: The main risk factors of the hypertensive patients were in the order as: disorder of lipometabolism, smoking, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and Diabetes mellitus. Sixty point nine percent of the inpatients were followed up. The incidences of compliance were 63.4% in the inpatients, 77.3% when being discharged, and 43.7% in the outpatients. The cause of uncompliance were as follows: side-effect of the medication, failure to control BP, financial problems, etc. Data gathered during follow up period, it was found the side effect of the calcium antagonist and the diuretics improved palpably. Those compliers controlled their BP well, while little fluctuation of BP was observed. However, the uncompliers showed different pictures, and the range of fluctuation of BP was large. CONCLUSIONS: The compliance of the medicament was best among the outpatients to the discharge order, and the compliance of the outpatients was the worst.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed2001

[Influence of planting density and precipitation on N2O emission from a winter wheat field].

To investigate the impact of plant density on N2O emission from winter wheat field and the cause of seasonal variation in the emission, field experiment with four planting rates of 0, 90, 180 and 270 kg/ha was conducted at the Jiangning County near Nanjing during 1999-2000 winter wheat growing season. Data of the field measurements indicated that the N2O emission rates during the season from planting to overwintering were not influenced by the plant density, while the emission was positively correlated with the planting density during the season from turning green to maturity. The emissions from the field plots with planting rates of 0 and 90 kg/ha were not found to be significantly different. A further analysis suggested that the seasonal variation of N2O emission be mainly influenced by precipitation, which could be quantitatively described by an exponential function of a weighted average precipitation of 6-day period before measurement.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2001

[The antioxidative effect of procyanidins from pine bark in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the antioxidative effect of procyanidins from pine bark on free radical damage. METHODS: Hemolysis, Malonaldehyde(MDA) level of mice liver homogenates, the conformation changes of irradiated plasmid PUC18 were used as indexes. RESULTS: Procyanidins could reduce the hemolysis degree of human RBC induced by H2O2 significantly(P < 0.01), reduce the MDA level of mice liver homogenate initiated by VitC/Fe2+ remarkably(P < 0.01), and reduce the degree of single-strain break of plamid PUC18 induced by 60Co gamma significantly(P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Procyanidins had good antioxidative function. It can prevent RBC membrane, plasmid DNA suffering from oxygen free radical damage in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Early mortality and complications of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: analysis of 186 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To study the early mortality and major complications of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. METHODS: One hundred and eighty-six cases of infrarenal AAA, which underwent surgery in our hospital between January 1988 and December 2000, were selected. Early mortality and major complications were rated, and preoperative cardiac, pulmonary and renal condition, age and surgical impact were taken into account while evaluating the risk factors of early mortality and major complications. RESULTS: The early mortality was 5.0% for elective surgery and 57.1% for ruptured surgery. The early major complication rate for AAA repair was 18.4% in total, and 10.6%, 11.2%, 2.8%, 1.1% for cardiac complication, pulmonary complication, acute renal failure, stroke and hepatic insufficiency respectively. Coronary heart disease significantly predisposed the patients to the development of cardiac complications (chi 2 = 19.737, P < 0.01) while hypertension had no such effect (chi 2 = 1.870, P > 0.05). Abnormal pulmonary function, smoking and PaO2 less than 80 mmHg were responsible for postoperative pneumonia(chi 2 = 4.051, 5.885 and 5.162, P < 0.05), but not for adult respiratory distress syndrome(chi 2 = 0.127, 0.916 and 1.067, P > 0.05). Preoperative renal function was not related postoperative acute renal failure(chi 2 = 0.404, P > 0.05). Age more than 70 years or operation spanned more than 5 hours increased major complications(chi 2 = 16.119 and 10.163, P < 0.01) and early mortality(chi 2 = 16.119 and 10.163, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Multiple system organ failure is the leading cause of early mortality of AAA repair. Cardiac and pulmonary complications are commonly seen after AAA repair. Preoperative cardiac, pulmonary condition, age and surgical aspects greatly influence the early mortality and major complications.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2001

[An experimental study on bone marrow purging in vitro for patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of IL-2, IFN and bcr-abl AS-ODN on bone marrow purging in vitro for patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). METHODS: By amplifying in vitro clone forming culture, and purging the bone marrow of 5 CML patients through different combined use of IL-2, IFN and bcr-abl AS-ODN, we compared the effects of 4 combined regimens. RESULTS: It was found that the suppressive effects of the 4th regimen combining IL-2 (800 U/ml), IFN (800 u/ml) and bcr-abl AS-ODN (30 micrograms/ml) on leukemia cell clone forming unit (CFU) were significantly different from the suppressive effects of the other 3 regimens (P < 0.01). With the use of the 4th regimen, the GM-CFU and L-CFU survival rates were 26.91% and 3.49% respectively (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The combined regimen of IL-2 (800 U/ml), IFN (800 u/ml) and bcr-abl AS-ODN (30 micrograms/ml) has good effect on selective CML bone marrow purging in vitro and can be used in clinical purging of CML bone marrow.

Bone Marrow Cells↗