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Biomedical subjects

J Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to J Jiang.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) reveals high chromosome pairing affinity between Lolium perenne and Festuca mairei.

Intergeneric hybridizations have been made between species of Lolium and Festuca. It has been demonstrated, largely through conventional cytogenetic analysis, that the genomes of the two genera are related, however, much information is lacking on exactly how closely related the genomes are between the two species. We applied genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) techniques to the F1 hybrids of tetraploid Festuca mairei with a genomic constitution of M1M1M2M2 and diploid Lolium perenne with a genomic constitution of LL. It was shown in the triploid hybrids (LM1M2) that the chromosomes of M1 and M2 from F. mairei could pair with each other, and it was further discovered that L chromosomes of L. perenne paired with M1 and M2 chromosomes. Our results showed that meiocytes of Lolium-Festuca are amenable to GISH analysis, and provided direct evidence for the hypothesis that the chromosomes of Lolium and Festuca may be genetically equivalent and that reciprocal mixing of the genomes may be possible.

Evolution, Molecular↗
PubMed2000

Endothelin-1, endothelin-3 and their receptors (endothelin(A) and endothelin(B)) in chronic renal transplant rejection in rats.

Endothelins (ET) are a family of vasoactive peptides that play an important role in several disorders affecting kidneys. In this study we investigated the expressions of ET-1, ET-3, and their receptors, ET(A) and ET(B), in a rat chronic renal transplant rejection model. Renal allografts were performed (F344 --> Lewis) with bilateral nephrectomy in recipients. For isograft control, lewis --> lewis transplantations were performed. All recipients were sacrificed 140 days after transplantation and the grafts were analyzed histologically. ET-1 and ET-3 protein expression in grafts was measured by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Semiquantitative RT-PCR methods were used for mRNA levels of ET-1, ET-3, ET(A) and ET(B). No evidence of chronical rejection was manifested in isografts. The allografted rats showed proteinuria and increased serum creatinine levels. Histologically, renal allografts showed atrophy and sclerosis of the glomeruli, cortical scarring and vascular intimal thickening. Immunohistochemically, ET-1 and ET-3 were localized in the convoluted tubules, collecting ducts, endothelium and smooth muscle cells of the large blood vessels. Significantly increased staining for ET-1 and ET-3 were found in allografts compared to isografts. Simultaneously, ELISA for ET-1 and ET-3 showed elevated protein concentrations in allografts compared to isografts. Allografts showed significantly increased ET-1- and ET-3 mRNA compared to isografts. On the other hand, a significant down regulation of the ET(A) mRNA was noted, and the ET(B) mRNA remained unchanged. The data from the present study suggest that alteration of ET system may be of importance in the pathogenesis of chronic renal transplant rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

In vitro evaluation of the Medtronic cardioplegia safety system.

Myocardial preservation demands the precise and accurate delivery of cardioplegic solutions to provide nutritive delivery and metabolic waste removal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance characteristics of the Medtronic CSS Cardioplegia Safety System in an in vitro setting. The CSS was evaluated under the following conditions: blood to crystalloid ratios of 1:0, 1:1, 4:1, 8:1, 0:1; potassium concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 mEq L-1; volumetric delivery collection at 100, 250, 500, 750, and 990 mL/min; pressure accuracy at 100 and 300 mmHg; and system safety mechanisms. Measured and predicted values from the CSS were compared using one way ANOVA, with statistical significance accepted at p < or = 0.05. The measured values for the tested ratios and volume collections were all within the manufacturer's technical parameters. Potassium concentration results were all within expected values except at 100 mL/min, where the measured value of 17.1 +/- 2.1 mmol was lower than the expected 20.0 +/- 0.2 mmol (p < .034). As flow rates changed, the CSS line pressure error was constant (0.5 to 3.7%), and the only significant difference was observed at 100 mmHg, 500 mL/min (102.3 +/- 1.7 vs. 100.0 +/- 0.0 mmHg, P < .003). The device performed accurately and reliably under all simulated safety conditions, including bubble detection, over pressurization and battery backup. In conclusion, the performance of the CSS was within the manufacturer's specifications for the majority of the tested conditions and operated safely when challenged under varying conditions.

Cardioplegic Solutions↗
PubMed2000

[Adenovirus-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene transference and combined drug therapy leads to apoptosis of human epithelial ovarian cancer cells].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment and apoptosis effect of adenovirus-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV1-tk) gene transference followed by administration of ganciclovir (GCV) and acyclovir (ACV) on ovarian epithelial cancer cells. METHODS: Recombinant adenovirus was amplificated and purified by routine method. The expression of HSV1-tk gene was assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The efficiency of recombinant Advtk transference was evaluated. The cytotoxicity efficacy of TYK cells that carry HSV1-tk gene was evaluated followed by GCV, ACV administration after the transference of Advtk. The changes and apoptosis of TYK cells that carry HSV1-tk gene were observed by means of analysis of DNA fragmentation and electronic microscopy. RESULTS: Adenovirus was amplificated and purified in large amount. PCR assay showed 404 bp special band. When the multiplicities of infection (MOI) was 100, the transduction rate was 98.9%. The inhibition rates of TYK cells that carry HSV1-tk gene increased with the increase of MOI when the same concentration of GCV, ACV were given. When the MOI was same, the inhibition rates were also increased with the increase concentration of GCV, ACV. Apoptosis of TYK cells that carry HSV1-tk gene after administration of GCV was observed by means of analysis of DNA fragmentation and electronic microscopy. CONCLUSIONS: The HSV1-tk gene can effectively transferred into TYK cells by recombinant replicated-deficient adenovirus vector, GCV, ACV can effectively kill TYK cells that carry HSV1-tk gene in vitro. Apoptosis may be the mechanism of the killing effect.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed2000

Determination of idebenone in plasma by HPLC/MS.

AIM: To develop a sensitive method for the analysis of idebenone [Ide, 6-(10-hydroxydecyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-p-benzoquinone] in human plasma. METHODS: The concentrations in plasma were determined by a high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with an atmosphere pressure chemical impact ion source method (LC/MS-APCI). RESULTS: The chromatograms indicated a good separation of the analytes and there was no interference by other compounds. The coefficients of determination of the calibration curves were above 0.999. The calibration range was 20-600 micrograms.L-1. Peak plasma idebenone concentration (Cmax) of (316 +/- 85) micrograms.L-1 was achieved within (96 +/- 34) min (Tpeak) after an oral dose of 30 mg. Lower limit of quantitation of the method for Ide determination was 20 micrograms.L-1. CONCLUSION: The advantages of using LC/MS-APCI technique include better sensitivity, higher selectivity, and less time consumption, compared with HPLC method.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2000

[Detection of microbes adherent to particles in a closed environment].

OBJECTIVE: In order to provide reference for controlling and monitoring the environmental contamination in the spacecraft, the species and amount of microbes, which adhere to the suspended particles with different size in a closed environment were detected. METHOD: According to USA EPA IP-10, particles were continuously sampled by an impactor in a closed environment. The particles were divided into three grades by their aerodynamic diameters (AD): 100 micrometers > or = AD > 10 micrometers, 10 micrometers > or = AD>2 micrometers and AD < or = 2 micrometers. Clean outdoor air was collected as control by the same way. The collected particles were precisely weighed. The microbes that adhere to the particles were cultivated, counted and identified. RESULT: By calculating total suspended particles (TSP) and inhalant particles (IP) of the closed environment, counting, clarifying and identifying the microbes, 6 kinds of bacteria, 2 genus of actinomyces and 6 kinds of fungi that adhere to the particles were detected. CONCLUSION: The particles in a closed environment may have some effect on human health and instruments.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed2000

[Epizootic dynamics of Spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedrosi virus].

Through investigation of tracking infected Spodoptera litura larvae, the epizootic dynamics of S. litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus(SlNPV) in field was studied with different dosages of SlNPV. The results showed that in the range of virus dosages (3.1 x 10(5)-3.1 x 10(8) PIBs.ml-1), the initial infection syndrome was observed after 4 days of treatment, and peaked in 5-7 days. The larvae mortality occurred after 5-6 days of treatment, and peaked in 6-8 days. The prevalence peak of host was basically coincident to the incidence peak. The distribution of diseased incidence of hosts and disease death time could be quite simulated by time-dosage-mortality model(TDM). Hosmer-Lemoshow test showed that the predicted values well fitted with observed data, and t-test indicated the parameters of the model reached significant level(P < 0.0001). The distribution of diseased prevalence was simulated by Holliday model, the regression of function was significant by F-test, and the parameters of the model reached or approached significant level(p < 0.005). TDM model could be used to predict the daily incidence, prevalence, disease death rate of present generation population of host pest.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[A new look at the mechanism of cholera endemicity caused by Vibrio cholerae biotype eltor].

OBJECTIVE: Cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae biotype eltor (EVC) is an endemic disease, subsiding in winter and reappearing in spring and summer. Investigating the state of EVC during the intermittent time is of crucial importance in controlling this disease. METHODS: Different factors mimicking the internal and external environmental conditions of the host, including human and fish bile, bacterial phages and antibiotics were used experimentally to induce variation in EVC. EVC variants were isolated from the stool of diarrhea patients and river water in old endemic areas during the winter. The variants obtained were tested with gene probe hybridization, DNA restriction enzyme mapping, immunoenzyme staining and animal passaging. RESULTS: Due to the loss of cell walls, 3 kinds of EVC variants were obtained during induction: the L-form variant, with a complete loss of cell walls; the nonagglutinating variants, with the loss of surface O-antigen; the phage-resistant variants, with the loss of phage receptors. Similar variants were found in field isolation. This variation was proved to be phenotypic, with no change in genetic material: it was reversible and appeared in a seasonal pattern, which coincided with the endemicity of this disease. Passage in animal enhanced this reversion. In compensation for the loss of cell walls, cell membranes were greatly thickened, increasing the ability of the variants to survive during the unfavorable winter conditions. CONCLUSIONS: EVC varied in a seasonal pattern, coincident with the endemicity of this disease. The compensatory thickening of the cell membranes protects the EVC variants to survive the winter.

Cholera↗
PubMed2000

[Study of congenital velopharyngeal insufficiency and hypernasality].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate 27 congenital veloparyngeal insufficiency(CVPI) subjects and 6 normal articulation subjects with airflow pressure techniques. METHODS: A compare analysis was performed in two groups (CVPI subjects and normal articulation subjects) during speech production of /hemper/ and /papa/. RESULTS: There wasn't statistical significance between two groups in oral air pressure and velopharyngeal orifice areas, however, CVPI group differed significant in nasal airflow on the articulation of /hemper/ and /papa/. CONCLUSIONS: When the degree of CVPI subject's VP opening was small, hypernasality appeared to be related to duration of the opening-closing movements.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Etiological study on patients with seronegative viral hepatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the etiology of hepatitis patients who were seronegative for viral hepatitis A through E. METHODS: By using PCR, HBV DNA, HCV RNA, HEV RNA and HGV RNA were detected in sera of 104 patients with seronegative viral hepatitis. The partial nucleotide sequences of 2 HCV and 17 HEV isolates were analysed by direct sequencing. RESULTS: Among the 104 patients with seronegative viral hepatitis, the positive rates of HBV DNA, HCV RNA, HEV RNA and HGV RNA were 29.8%, 3.8%, 22.1% and 7.7%, respectively, with only 38 cases (36.6%) negative for the genome of all known hepatitis viruses. CONCLUSION: In addition to serological tests, the polymerase chain reaction of all known hepatitis viruses should be used to make the diagnosis of non-A - E hepatitis.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2000

[Somatostatin and growth hormone promote spontaneous closure of enterocutaneous fistula].

OBJECTIVE: To find out the method for promoting spontaneous heal of enterocutaneous fistula. METHODS: Experimentally, we investigated the effect of rhGH on wound granulation and intestinal mucosa. Clinically, combined somatostatin and rhGH was compared with somatostatin in the treatment of enteric fistula. RESULTS: Animal studies demonstrated that rhGH was effective to increase the content of hydroxyproline and amount of fibroblast cell in wound granulation. In clinical trial, the spontaneous cure rate was significantly higher in patients treated with combined rhGH and somatostatin than in those treated with somatostatin alone (96.5% vs 68.4%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Combined rhGH and somatostatin is a new therapeutic method for the treatment of enteric fistula. It may promote the spontaneous cure of enteric fistula.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Resection of pelvic retroperitoneal neoplasm and reconstruction of iliac blood vessels: report of 22 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To study the surgical manipulation of iliac blood vessels invaded by pelvic tumors in order to raise the resection rate. METHODS: We reviewed 22 cases of resection for pelvic retroperitoneal tumors along with the reconstruction of iliac blood vessels in our hospital from July 1994 to January 2000. In 22 cases, 8 received operation on the right iliac arteries and veins, and 14 on the left. RESULTS: Follow-up for 4 months to 5 years and 10 months (average 3.6 years) showed that 3 patients had recurrence and needed secondary operation. All the grafts were patent except one vein graft occlusion 7 months after operation. CONCLUSION: Resection of pelvic retroperitoneal neoplasm combined with reconstruction of iliac blood vessels is safe, effective and practical to raise the excision rate and decrease the recurrence rate.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Anterior interbody autografting and internal fixation for primary surgical management of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis].

OBJECTIVES: To verify the importance of early reconstruction of spinal stability and to evaluate the safety of anterior instrumentation in surgical management of spinal tuberculosis. METHODS: Eleven cases of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis were treated with primary anterior debridement, interbody autografting and Z-plate fixation from October 1997 to January 1999. RESULTS: All the 11 cases healed without any recurrence after follow-up for an average of 16 months. Spinal fusion occurred in 3.8 months on average after surgery. 18 degrees of kyphosis correction was achieved with no associated complication. CONCLUSIONS: Early reconstruction of spinal stability plays an important role in surgical management of spinal tuberculosis, and it is safe to implant anterior titanium spinal instrument in tuberculosis foci.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Distribution of HIV resistance CCR5-delta 32, CCR2-64 I and SDF1-3'A alleles and their polymorphisms in the Han population in China].

OBJECTIVE: To study the frequency and polymorphism of three mutations (CCR5(Delta)32, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A alleles) conferring resistance to determined HIV-1/AIDS in the indigenous Han population in China. METHODS: The study population included 1,267 subjects, of which consisted 98.7% (1,251/1,267) Han people. The genotypes of the three mutations were respectively, detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for CCR5(Delta)32 mutation, or by PCR/RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) assay with the digestion of restriction endonuclease Bsa BI and Msp I for CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A mutations. DNA sequencing was employed to confirm the accuracy of PCR or PCR/RFLP products. RESULTS: The frequency of the mutant alleles were: 0.00119 for CCR5(Delta)32; 0.20023 for CCR2-64I, and 0.28723 for SDF1-3'A. The three heterozygous CCR5-wt/Delta32 mutants were identified and no homozygotes were detected in indigenous Han population. The frequencies of CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A alleles in China were higher than those of Caucasians descents in the USA and Europe. CONCLUSION: Our data was the first findings on the frequency and polymorphism of CCR5(Delta)32, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A alleles in indigenous Han population in China which implied that the indigenous Han people might have a higher genetic susceptibility to the infection of sexually transmitted HIV-1 (R-5) strain. Further study is needed to clarify the significance of higher frequency of CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A alleles in Han population.

Alleles↗
PubMed2000

[Value of intestinal decontamination by traditional Chinese medicine-X in the prevention of bacterial translocation complicated by severe acute pancreatitis in rats].

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of traditional Chinese Medicine-X in preventing the necrotic infection of the pancreas in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Sixty rats were randomly divided into five groups with 12 rats in each one: (1) normal control, (2) SAP + 0.9% normal saline (1 ml x 100 g-1 x 24 h-1), (3) SAP + gentamycin (2000 u x 100 g-1 x 24 h-1), (4) SAP + TCM-X (1.0 g x 100 g-1 x 24 h-1), and (5) SAP + gentamycin (2000 u x 100 g-1 x 24 h-1) + TCM-X (1.0 g x 100 g-1 x 24 h-1). The medicines were given by way of gastrotube, once every 24 hours, twice in all. Pancreatitis was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg.100 g-1 of L-arginine. Serum endotoxin were observed and the clone forming units from mesenteric lymphnode and pancreas were obtained after 48 hours treatment. 96 hours after the experiment, the bacteria found in the mesenteric lymphnodes and pancreas in groups three, four and five were reduced as compared to that in group two; the levels of serum endotoxin were reduced, too. These data indicate that TCM-X and gentamycin in decontamination by way of gastrotube are effective in preventing bacterial translocation complicated by SAP, and the effect of TCM-X is stronger than that of gentamycin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

[Cloning and expression of caiDE genes in E. coli BL21(DE3)].

The caiDE genes for carnitine racemase and its relative factor were cloned into pUC18 from the chromosomal DNA of E. coli MC4100 by shot-gun approach and have been verified by sequence analysis. The target plasmid was named as pJX393 and subcloned to form a transcription plasmid pDSW2. After its transformation into BL21(DE3) strain and induction by IPTG, the recombinant strain containing pDSW2 expressed two apparent protein bands on SDS-PAGE, whose molecular weight were 30 kD and 24 kD individually.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2000

[Pharmacological studies of trilex on treatment of pharyngitis].

Trilex consisted of three species: Ilex latifolia, Ilex asprella and Ilex rotunda. Trilex had the antipyretic effects, decreased the rat body temperature about 0.8 degree C on yeast induced hyperthermia. Trilex could obviously enhance the threshold of hot plate induced pain in mice. The maximum threshold increased 43.8%. Trilex could also inhibit acetic acid induced inflammatory ooze in mice abdominal cavity. The inhibitory rate was 34.8%. These results showed that trilex had antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. It could be used to treat acute and chromic pharyngitis.

Analgesics↗