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Biomedical subjects

J Jenny

Publications and source records attributed to J Jenny.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Knowing the patient: one aspect of clinical knowledge.

This paper analyzes the concept "knowing the patient" which was identified in a qualitative study of expert nursing practice during ventilator weaning of adult patients. The concept signified a cognitive and relational process by which the study participants determined salient aspects of a particular patient situation, while at the same time demonstrating their credibility and eliciting patient trust. The paper describes the clinical judgments, decisions, actions and patient outcomes that ensue from knowing the patient. This analysis offers a contextually specific description of nurses' clinical reasoning that illustrates a dimension of expert clinical practice from actual rather than simulated clinical content.

Cognition↗
PubMed1991

Differences in need for orthodontic treatment between Native Americans and the general population based on DAI scores.

Clinical impressions by Indian Health Service (IHS) dentists of a greater frequency of severe dental malrelations among Native Americans than in the general US population have never been objectively confirmed. This study uses the DAI as the standard to determine whether there is a greater prevalence of severe malocclusions among Native Americans. Four hundred eighty-five Native American students in grades 7-12 from two remote sites--Pine Ridge, SD, and Many Farms, AZ--and one nonremote site--Lapwai, ID--were scored for the DAI. The mean scores from each reservation, as well as the mean score from the three reservations combined, were significantly higher, indicating poorer aesthetics, than the mean DAI score from a large sample of the general US population. These data confirm the clinical impressions of IHS dentists that Native Americans residing on reservations have significantly poorer dental aesthetics than the aesthetics found in the general US population; therefore, Native Americans have greater needs for orthodontic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Self-care deficit theory and nursing diagnosis: a test of conceptual fit.

Conceptual frameworks and nursing diagnoses represent recent additions to nursing's theoretical base, but their relationship and potential to interface has not been explored. This study describes the results of 130 registered nurse baccalaureate students' integration of current North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) nursing diagnoses into major concepts of Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory (SCDT). It identifies areas of agreement and difficulty inherent in this challenge, and suggests directions for needed theoretical work.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMed1991

[Local administration of low-dose estriol and vital Lactobacillus acidophilus in postmenopause].

A randomized double-blind trial with 15 postmenopausal women led to a remarkable result. Local treatment with vaginal tablets just containing 0.03 mg estriol proved to be equivalent to the widely used dosage of 0.5 mg. The test drug Gynoflor E induced significant proliferation of the vaginal epithelium and thus offers the basis for a complete restoration of the vaginal environment. Simultaneously given Lactobacillus acidophilus can be implanted successfully and thus an acid vaginal milieu can be restored.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1979

A factor analysis of traits as measured by COCSTOC-MOT to identify occlusal trait combinations.

Occlusal conditions which vary significantly from accepted social norms for dental appearance may socially handicap an individual. An instrument is required by which socially unacceptable occlusal conditions can be identified by members of the public who have internalized society's norms for acceptable dental appearance. The factors identified in this paper make it possible to select a reasonable number (100) of models for constructing a measurement instrument which depicts the full range of occlusal patterns found in a natural population for use in assessing the social acceptability of occlusal conditions. This paper presents the methodology and process used to identify individual occlusal traits which tend to occur together in trait combinations or independently and their range from "normal" to extreme. Data on the frequency distribution of the individual COCSTOC measurements found in a natural population was subjected to a factor analysis which identified 18 occlusal patterns (combinations of traits) and five unique or independent traits or anomalies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A strategy for patient teaching.

A theoretical model is described whose particular emphasis is directed towards operationalizing the statements: 'effective teaching bridges the gap between information and practice or 'teaching is more than telling'. It concentrates on nurse behaviours (facilitation) designed to actively engage the patient in learning whereby he accepts his diagnosis or situation, projects the effects of prescribed therapy on his future life, and commits his intentions to practice. It utilizes principles of learning derived from the perceptual (phenomenological) approach and indicates the nurses' responsibilities. The model identifies four critical elements in the engagement process--the patient's values, his perception of the disease threat, his perceived utility of prescription, and facilitating behaviours of the nurse. The strategy is adapted from a combination of the Health Belief Model and the Personal Choice Model.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Provider expectations and consumer perceptions of the importance and value of dental care.

Seventy-eight inner city mothers of third and fourth grade children in three racial groups--white, black, and American Indian--known to need dental treatment for disease on permanent teeth, were interviewed at home by a trained community resident interviewer. Sixty-two per cent of the mothers were on public assistance. Information relating to the mothers' perceptions of the importance and value of dental care both for herself and for her children were collected. Utilization data were obtained via two dental examinations conducted one year apart. Data were also collected from a sample of provider dentists via mail questionnaire. A yield of 315 usable questionnaires was obtained, a return rate of 53 per cent. Provider-dentists felt that low socioeconomic consumers do not value dental services, as compared to other types of consumer goods and services, and that they do not believe dental care is important. Low income mothers in the same city reported that they did value dental care and believed it important. Expectations of and orientations toward the importance of dental care were found discongruent between the two groups of respondents. These discongruities on the dentist-patient relationship are discussed as a barrier to utilization. Although financial resources were available to many of the study families, only 49 per cent of these children received the needed care. It is suggested that the psychological cost to a patient of seeking care in inhospitable settings may act as a barrier to utilization.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗