Biomedical subjects
J Jarman
Publications and source records attributed to J Jarman.
The tyramine conjugation test as a trait marker for endogenous unipolar depression and a predictor of treatment response.
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Migraine and depression: biological aspects.
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Urinary output of endogenous monoamine oxidase inhibitor and isatin during acute migraine attacks.
Urinary output of endogenous monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory activity, was significantly raised in serial samples collected across a migraine attack compared with collections during attack-free periods and in healthy controls, which did not differ from each other. There was a highly significant correlation in output between isatin, a major fraction of the MAO inhibitory activity, and output of the MAO inhibitory activity itself. However, although there was a tendency towards increased isatin excretion during migraine attacks, it failed to reach statistical significance.
Platelet [3H]imipramine binding in migraine and tension headache in relation to depression.
Platelet [3H]imipramine binding was measured in 40 migrainous (7 classical and 33 common) and 17 tension headache patients and in 28 normal controls. A significant reduction in Bmax was found in migraine compared with controls (p less than 0.05) but not in tension headache. In migraine, there was no significant relationship between Bmax and depression or anxiety score on the self-rating Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Scale, suggesting that the reduction in Bmax is a concomitant of migraine itself rather than a manifestation of associated depression. Preliminary evaluation using the Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Lifetime Version (SADS-L) tended to confirm this conclusion.
Release of (14C)5-hydroxytryptamine from human platelets by red wine.
Red wine, at a final dilution of 1/50, caused release of [14C]5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) from preloaded platelets, an effect which was not observed with any white wines or beers tested. Since 5-HT, is probably released from body stores during migraine attacks and red wine is known to provoke migraine episodes in susceptible individuals, release of 5-HT, possibly from central stores, could represent a plausible mechanism for its mode of action.
Kinetics of platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake in headache patients.
Platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) uptake was measured in asymptomatic headache patients attending a specialist migraine clinic, and in hospital staff who did not suffer from regular or severe headache. Current levels of anxiety and depression were assessed in all subjects using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale and their possible influence on the uptake kinetics taken into account during the analysis of results. The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) was significantly raised in common migraine and tension headache compared with controls (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.01, respectively), but not in classical migraine or cluster headache. The increase remained significant after adjusting for differences in age, sex, presence of anxiety or depression (HAD sub-scale score greater than or equal to 8), drug intake during the week before testing, time elapsed since last attack and time of assay (am or pm). No differences were observed between patients and controls in the maximal rate of uptake (Vmax) or platelet count, and previous reports of a reduction in Vmax in patients experiencing attack within 5 days prior to testing could not be confirmed. The cause and significance of an increased Km are not clear, but plasma factors acting as competitive inhibitors for the uptake site or an alteration in the configuration of the uptake site are possible explanations. If confirmed, the shared biochemical abnormality may suggest that common migraine and tension headache have a common pathogenesis.
High incidence of endogenous depression in migraine: confirmation by tyramine test.
Forty patients with migraine who were attending a specialist clinic were interviewed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia--Lifetime version. Sixteen (40%) had a history of major depression which was of endogenous type in 15, according to Research Diagnostic Criteria. The tyramine test, a previously established trait marker for endogenous depression, showed that the migraine group as a whole had significantly low values compared with 14 normal controls, due almost entirely to low values in the endogenous depressive subgroup; there were no differences between diet-sensitive and non-diet-sensitive migraine patients. Thus depression in patients with migraine seems unlikely to be secondary to migraine per se. A substantial subgroup of patients with migraine may possess an inherent predisposition to endogenous depression.
SKF marketing of hepatitis B vaccine.
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Tyramine sulfoconjugation in relation to depression in migraine. A pilot study.
Tyramine sulfoconjugation following an oral tyramine load was determined in 30 patients suffering from migraine and 14 controls not regularly suffering from headache. Reduced tyramine sulfoconjugation was found in those patients with a history of major depressive disorder compared with controls. When the patients with a history of major depression were removed from the analysis, no differences were found between diet-sensitive and non-diet sensitive migraine patients and controls.