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Biomedical subjects

J Jancar

Publications and source records attributed to J Jancar.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Ageing in Down's syndrome.

In a group of 23 hospital patients aged over 50 with Down's syndrome, psychological testing indicated that significant intellectual deterioration, which was un-related to chronological age, sex, length of hospitalisation, or earlier mental age, had occurred in nine. Clinically, there was no evidence in any patient of active physical illness, focal neurological signs, or dementia, but significant associations were found between intellectual deterioration and decreased visual acuity, hearing loss, and macrocytosis.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

Amphicrine--composite calcitonin and mucin-producing--carcinoma of the thyroid.

A case of thyroid carcinoma in a 38-year-old male with a high serum level of calcitonin is reported. The tumor was composed of polygonal argyrophilic cells, signet ring Alcian blue-positive cells, and a minority of amphicrine elements. The same polymorphic cellular component was seen at the ultrastructural level. Anticalcitonin immunoperoxidase revealed that the majority of cells were positive, including the amphicrine cells. In spite of calcitonin production it is felt that cases similar to the present one should be distinguished from "ordinary medullary" carcinoma and the terms "amphicrine" or "composite calcitonin and mucin-producing carcinoma" are proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hepatitis B in seven hospitals for the mentally handicapped.

Patients in seven hospitals for the mentally handicapped were screened for markers of hepatitis B infection. Of 2239 patients, 123 (5.5 per cent) were carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and a third of these were 'infectious' (negative for antibody to hepatitis B e antigen). Patients with Down's syndrome (DS) were 18 times more likely to be 'infectious' carriers than those without, and male patients were six times more likely to be 'infectious' carriers than female patients. There was a wide difference in carrier rate among the various hospitals. In the hospital with the highest carrier rate (12.5 per cent), 60 per cent of male patients with DS were carriers of HBsAg and of these two-thirds were 'infectious'. The carrier rate decreased with age, but the proportion of carriers who were hepatitis B e antigen positive was unaffected by age.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Sudden deaths in the mentally handicapped.

Trends in the incidence and causes of sudden deaths in a hospital group for the mentally handicapped were identified during a 50-year period, and the two halves of the period were compared. There were significantly more deaths in the second 25-year period than in the first. Longevity was greater during the second period, and a decrease in deaths due to status epilepticus was outweighed by an increase in deaths from arterial degenerative disease in the larger number of older patients. In the second period there was also a significant rise in sudden deaths due to asphyxia, probably attributable to modern medication with side-effects giving rise to feeding difficulties.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hypergraphia and mental handicap.

Eight hundred and twenty-five mentally handicapped patients, housed in two hospitals, of all ages and both sexes, were examined for hypergraphia. Thirty-three patients (18 males and 15 females) were found to exhibit this phenomenon; approximately half of these were suffering from epilepsy, including five patients with temporal lobe abnormality. The different types of hypergraphia are reported and possible causes discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Hypocholesterolaemia in cancer and other causes of death in the mentally handicapped.

Serum cholesterol levels were estimated in 313 mentally handicapped patients who subsequently died from various causes. Although cholesterol levels in the mentally handicapped are lower than those in the general population, it was found that there was still an association between relatively low serum cholesterol values and mortality due to cancer of the colon. Similarly, patients who died from myocardial infarction had relatively high serum cholesterol levels. The mechanism of the relationship between hypocholesterolaemia and cancer of the colon is unclear, but the increasing longevity of the mentally handicapped is an important factor which has contributed to a rising incidence of cancers, particularly gastrointestinal forms, in this group.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Mortality in the mentally handicapped: a 50 year survey at the Stoke Park group of hospitals (1930-1980).

Mortality trends during the past 50 years in the population of a hospital group for the mentally handicapped are reported. There has been a marked change in the causes of death during this period. Whilst tuberculosis is no longer a major cause, other terminal respiratory tract infections are still prevalent. Deaths due to status epilepticus have decreased, with a concomitant increase in those due to carcinoma, myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accident. Similarly, the mortality rate has altered significantly. Fifty years ago the patients' mortality was considerably higher at all age groups in comparison with the general population, whereas the difference is now relatively small. These changes have been most marked during the past 25 years, with the introduction of new drug therapy, better diet, care and environment for the mentally handicapped. The result of this is increased longevity in the mentally handicapped, in particular in those with Down's syndrome whose longevity has increased by 40 years, and over 30 years in others. These findings have important implications for the planning of future services for the ageíng mentally handicapped population, in hospital and in the community alike, with associated geriatric ailments, and pre-senile and senile dementias.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Bone dysplasias and mental functioning.

Fourteen patients suffering from various degrees of bone dysplasia and mental handicap with superimposed neuroses or psychotic episodes are reported. Known biochemical and chromosomal causes are noted. Mental states associated with syndromes and mental malfunctioning or impairment because of skeletal defects or other factors are briefly discussed. High IgE was noted in the three cases of bone dysplasias suffering from chromosomal anomalies. Importance of early diagnosis, treatment and genetic counselling in bone dysplasias to prevent mental disorder is emphasized.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗