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Biomedical subjects

J James

Publications and source records attributed to J James.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

Uricolytic enzymes in liver of the Dipnoan Protopterus aethiopicus.

The enzymes uricase, allantoinase, and allantoicase have been measured in liver preparations of the African lungfish Protopterus aethiopicus. The levels for these enzymes in lungfish liver suggest that the amount of urea formed in vivo in Protopterus via a uricolytic pathway may be greater than that derived via the Ornithine-urea cycle. The operation of a "purine cycle" in lungfish liver is proposed.

Chordata, Nonvertebrate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Structural changes in the placenta of smoking mothers: a quantitative study.

Placentae of matched pairs of smoking and non-smoking mothers have been investigated by quantitative light microscopic techniques. A smaller diameter of the villous capillaries, a decrease in vasculosyncytial membranes and basement membrane thickening were observed in the placenta of smoking mothers. Quantitative morphometric methods showed a significant decrease in volume density of the fetal vessels in the terminal villi of the smoker's placenta. The exchange area of the smoker's placenta was shown to be decreased. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to these changes and the possible role of toxic agents (i.e., cadmium) are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Basal lamina thickening in the placentae of smoking mothers.

The thickness of the basal lamina in the placentae of 20 matched pairs of smoking and non-smoking mothers was measured using an electron microscopic method of quantification. A significant increase of the thickness of the trophoblastic basal lamina was found in the smokers' placentae: 181 nm (s.d. +/- 38.2 nm) in non-smokers versus 286 nm (s.d. +/- 69.9 nm) in smokers (P less than 0.005). A significant increase of the thickness of the capillary basal lamina was also found: 75 nm (s.d. +/- 12.1 nm) in non-smokers versus 111 nm (s.d. +/- 16.0 nm) in smokers (P less than 0.005). The number of duplications around the capillary basal lamina was found to be increased in the placentae of smoking women.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A critical evaluation of current protocols for the follow-up of women treated for gynecological malignancies: a pilot study.

This retrospective review was undertaken to determine the efficacy of routine follow-up in the detection and management of recurrent cancer. The case notes of all women attending a regional cancer center who were diagnosed with cancer in 1997 were reviewed. Of 81 new cancers followed up for a median of 42 months (range 36-48), 14 have recurred after curative treatment and there were six cases of persistent disease. The median number of clinic visits per patient was 3.5 (range 1-16). Eight recurrences (57.1%) were diagnosed at scheduled outpatient appointments, three (2 l.4%) presented to the general practitioner (GP), and three were seen as emergencies in hospital. Seventeen patients with persistent/recurrent disease have died and three are alive with disease. The median time from initial presentation to disease recurrence was 12 months (range 5-25) and the median time from recurrence to death was 5 months (range 1-20). The longest interval between onset of symptoms and diagnosis of recurrence (4 months) occurred in those presenting at scheduled outpatient clinics. This study demonstrates that the current follow-up protocol is associated with delays in diagnosing recurrence, because symptomatic patients postpone seeking help until their scheduled visit. We have therefore commenced a prospective study evaluating other models of follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of air in growth and production of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 by Staphylococcus aureus in experimental cotton and rayon tampons.

Rayon and cotton fibers of the type used in the manufacture of tampons were extracted for 6 hours in isopropyl alcohol in a soxhlet apparatus to remove all finishes from the fiber surface. The fibers were used to produce experimental tampons of commercial design. Using a syringe method, the tampons were saturated with diluted staphylococci in brain-heart infusion medium and incubated at 37 degrees C. Spent medium was expressed from the tampons and analyzed for growth of staphylococci and production of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1). Results revealed no statistical difference in the production of TSST-1 by cells grown in rayon or cotton. However, a significant increase in TSST-1 production was observed in tampon cultures when compared with medium controls. When similar experiments were performed with tampons saturated with nitrogen, a significant decrease in TSST-1 production was observed when compared with air-saturated tampons. The results indicate that the oxygen normally present in tampons plays a significant role in modulating the production of TSST-1.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and bone mineralization in preterm neonates.

We examined the relationship between bone mineralization, measured by single photon absorptiometry, and blood phosphate and alkaline phosphatase concentration in 71 preterm neonates. Although both alkaline phosphatase and phosphate concentrations were significantly related to bone mineral content, and alkaline phosphatase concentrations were related to bone mineral content relative to weight, each could only explain a small amount of the variation in bone mineralization. Hence, concentrations of neither could be used to identify those neonates with the greatest bone mineral deficits.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Water world.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Bangladesh↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Open learning for enrolled nurses.

Within the new market economy of the NHS, it is necessary to provide reliable information on the viability of educational initiatives which are planned, implemented and evaluated in an economic manner without compromising quality. The Sheffield and North Trent College of Nursing and Midwifery offers a unique opportunity for enrolled nurses who wish to retake first level nursing examinations. An evaluation of the course was undertaken which revealed that 75 per cent of the students felt the course had enhanced their personal study skills and professional awareness.

Education, Nursing, Continuing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Living with a cardioverter defibrillator in the community.

Internal cardioverter defibrillators are increasingly used for the treatment of life threatening arrhythmias. Patients and their families have described many emotional and psychological consequences of living with these devices. The impact on family members of providing high levels of support can lead to stress-related problems, yet their needs are often underestimated or overlooked.

Activities of Daily Living↗