Although viewed as a common occurrence, post-operative pain continues to generate episodes of poor care. It has been suggested that more than 50% of patients have pain for most of the 72 hours after surgery. Within pain management, the importance of psychological and social influences are widely accepted, but it is important to have an understanding of the physiology of pain. Yet historically nurses have often been seen to have had a poor understanding of opioids, leading to inadequate administration of these drugs. Few would argue against the suggestion that recent advances in pain management have improved patient care, but nurses need to be fully aware of the basic foundations of the physiology of pain and pain management if patient care in this area is to continue to improve.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Alternative update.

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Complementary Therapies↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The named nurse in accident and emergency departments.

The 'named nurse' concept was introduced to the public in 1991. This paper describes the thinking behind the introduction of named nurses into one A&E department, utilising a specific model of nursing.

Emergency Nursing↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Improved liquid chromatographic determination of neomycin B in bovine kidney.

An improved liquid chromatographic (LC) method was developed for the determination of neomycin B in bovine kidney tissue. The tissue is homogenized twice in phosphate buffer; homogenate is centrifuged, and the supernatant is deproteinated by heat. The extract is acidified and mixed with ion-pair concentrate, and neomycin B is determined by an LC system consisting of an ion-pairing mobile phase, a reversed-phase ODS column, postcolumn derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde reagent, and fluorometric detection. Average recoveries of neomycin B from kidney tissues spiked at 3, 6, and 12 ppm were 103, 99, and 104%, with 9.7, 7.9, and 3.7% intralaboratory coefficients of variation, respectively, using a standard curve prepared in buffer. The method was used to determine neomycin B in kidney tissue obtained from a calf killed 14 days after intramuscular dosing with neomycin (5 mg/lb). The tissue was found to contain about 3 ppm neomycin B. The LC conditions were also used to assay control samples of muscle, liver, milk, plasma, and urine. No interfering peaks were noted at the elution position of neomycin B.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Investing your money the smart way.

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Dentists↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Natural history of a cervical cavernous hemangioma through two pregnancies.

Hemangiomas of the uterine cervix are extremely rare. The tumor can have a variety of appearance. When a cervical hemangioma is diagnosed in an asymptomatic nulliparous woman or during pregnancy, expectant management is warranted. Surgical intervention, laser, ablation, or Cesarean section is reserved for hemangiomas that present major problems. The natural history of cervical hemangioma is regression and involution.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Occupational therapy for independent-living older adults. A randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT: Preventive health programs may mitigate against the health risks of older adulthood. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of preventive occupational therapy (OT) services specifically tailored for multiethnic, independent-living older adults. Design.-A randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Two government subsidized apartment complexes for independent-living older adults. SUBJECTS: A total of 361 culturally diverse volunteers aged 60 years or older. INTERVENTION: An OT group, a social activity control group, and a nontreatment control group. The period of treatment was 9 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A battery of self-administered questionnaires designed to measure physical and social function, self-rated health, life satisfaction, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: Benefit attributable to OT treatment was found for the quality of interaction scale on the Functional Status Questionnaire (P=.03), Life Satisfaction Index-Z (P=.03), Medical Outcomes Study Health Perception Survey (P=.05), and for 7 of 8 scales on the RAND 36-Item Health Status Survey, Short Form: bodily pain (P=.03), physical functioning (P=.008), role limitations attributable to health problems (P=.02), vitality (P=.004), social functioning (P=.05), role limitations attributable to emotional problems (P=.05), and general mental health (P=.02). CONCLUSIONS: Significant benefits for the OT preventive treatment group were found across various health, function, and quality-of-life domains. Because the control groups tended to decline over the study interval, our results suggest that preventive health programs based on OT may mitigate against the health risks of older adulthood.

Activities of Daily Living↗