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Biomedical subjects

J J Welsh

Publications and source records attributed to J J Welsh.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Endoscopic examination of corrosive injuries of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

The authors present the case histories of five patients who have sustained corrosive injuries of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Flexible endoscopic examination was successfully carried out in each patient to assess the extent of the injury and anticipate further therapeutic needs. Three patients sustained major gastric lesions, i.e., strictures or bleeding following the ingestion of alkali, acids, or phenol, and one instance of esophageal stricture was recognized. The endoscopic observation of antral gangrene was inexorably followed by antral stricture requiring surgical management. One fatality followed rigid esophagoscopic examination which resulted in esophageal perforation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Problems of diagnosis in the evaluation of mediastinal sarcoidosis.

The diagnosis of sarcoidosis can be established when the case meets the criteria of clinical course, radiologic findings, and supportive histology. When there is variation from the established criteria and the clinical course of age, systemic evidence of disease or the radiologic findings of unilateral or solitary adenopathy are encountered, then ongoing evaluation is necessary to identify a possible second disease existence. Cases have been presented which indicate some problem requiring further investigative studies before acceptance of the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Glomus jugulare tumor. Disseminated form in the central nervous system.

We will describe a case of glomus jugulare tumor that illustrates the potential for multiple areas of metastasis throughout the central nervous system. Extension through the dura into the subarachnoid space allows seeding via the cerebrospinal fluid as far away as the cauda equina. We will review the usual clinical course of the tumor and will evaluate the symptoms relative to the location of extension. In this case, the symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure with brain stem compression, which progressed rapidly to cause the patient's death.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1976

Fractures of the edentulous maxilla and mandible.

An evaluation and treatment of fracture of the edentulous maxilla and/or mandible is presented. The Le-Fort classification of maxillary fractures is the foundation for the program of care. Immobilization techniques are based upon the support of a fracture by suspension from the adjacent stable segments to the modified prosthesis. The mandibular fractures are repaired by interosseous wire fixation in the body and symphysis region, the other fracture sites are supported by circumferential wiring to the prosthesis for immobilization. General principles of time of repair, diet, types of healing factors are reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cranial nerve injuries.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cranial Nerve Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mediastinoscopy: the predictive survival value in staging carcinoma of the lung.

One hundred and thirty-seven cases of Stage III lung cancer established by mediastinoscopy have been followed to determine their survival. The tissue was classified according to World Health Organization schema and the degree of dedifferentiation graded from well to poorly differentiated. Two percent of the presented cases are well-differentiated tumors; the remaining 98% are moderately well-differentiated (11%), or poorly differentiated or small cell tumors (87%). The degree of anaplasia suggests an increasingly aggressive metastatic behavior pattern. The average life span is approximately 5 1/2 months in all groups and subgroups which were studied. Recommendations are presented for the utilization of mediastinoscopy in Stage I and II cases. Further considerations are suggested for priority of diagnostic procedures in establishing the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cortical, subcortical, and brainstem dysfunction: a correlation in dyslexic children.

A group of dyslexic students was examined by a central auditory test (CAT) battery including competing sentences, binaural fusion, filtered speech, and compressed speech. Auditory evoked brainstem responses (BSER) were measured in conjunction with the CAT data. The auditory tests indicate a high degree of failure in those areas requiring sophisticated integration, coordination, and identification of the modified speech stimuli. The BSER did not identify a significant abnormality. The cortical and subcortical areas of integration are proposed as the multicentric sites of impairment in the hearing function found in dyslexic students.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mediastinoscopy for extrathoracic malignancies.

Metastatic tumors from extrathoracic sources appear in the mediastinum infrequently and from a variety of locations. In this series of approximately 350 malignancies of the mediastinum, 20 (6%) originated from the breast, prostate, kidney, pelvis, and gastrointestinal tract. A radiologic review of these cases does not identify a unique pattern, although paratracheal masses present most often, while unilateral hilar adenopathy occurs somewhat less frequently. The history of previous surgery for malignancy suggests metastatic disease into the mediastinum. However, other entities of second primaries, lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and benign processes warrant consideration. Mediastinoscopy is reemphasized as a valuable diagnostic technique for the solution of these problems.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laryngeal spaces and lymphatics: current anatomic concepts.

This investigation evaluates the anatomic concepts of individual spaces or compartments within the larynx by isotope and dye diffusion. The authors identified continuity of spaces particularly within the submucosal planes and a relative isolation within the fixed structures resulting from the longitudinal pattern of fibroelastic tissues, muscle bands, and perichondrium. The historical data of anatomic resistance are refuted by the radioisotope patterns of dispersion and the histologic evidence of tissue permeability to the carbon particles. There is little clinical application of the compartment concept to the perimeter of growth and the configuration of extensive endolaryngeal cancers. The internal and extralaryngeal lymphatic network is presented and the regional associations are identified. The normal ipsilateral relationship is distorted by dispersion within the endolarynx supervening the anatomic midline. The effects of lymphatic obstruction caused by regional lymphadenectomy, tumor fixation, and irradiation-infection sequelae are illustrated; these result in widespread bilateral lymphatic nodal terminals. Finally, the evidence suggests that the internal network is modified by external interruption to accommodate an outflow system in continuity with the residual patent lymphatic channels.

Dye Dilution Technique↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dysphagia due to cervical spine surgery.

Surgery upon the cervical vertebrae may produce prolonged dysphagia due to regional damage, hemorrhage, infection, and denervation. Cases illustrating these problems are presented with attention to the progression of the clinical course and the diagnostic modalities of radiology and endoscopy. Methods of prevention are emphasized and the therapeutic plan is outlined.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of heat sterilization of commercial rat diets for use in FDA toxicological studies.

Certified commercial rat diets, control and fortified, in the form of pellets and meal, were evaluated in a simulated subchronic rat feeding study. The diets were analyzed before and after autoclaving to determine nutrient integrity and loss, as well as the efficiency of autoclaving for removal of microbiological contaminants. Sterilization reduced the level of heat-labile vitamins, but protein level was minimally reduced. Sterilization eliminated most of the bacterial contaminants and virtually all the mold and yeast colonies. Male and female Osborne-Mendel rats (3-4 wk old) were fed control or sterilized diet for 6 wk. Both males and females consumed more pelleted chow than meal chow. This apparent difference in consumption may be due to wastage of pellets, because there were no differences in male or female growth during the 6-wk study. At necropsy, no gross pathology was noted, and organ weights did not differ significantly among the groups for either sex. Testicular weights were also similar among the groups. Blood serum proteins were analyzed by electrophoresis to screen for possible effects on various target organs. Gamma globulin levels for female rats fed sterilized meal were significantly reduced compared to levels for rats fed the control diet. These results suggest that either nutritional factors or heat inactivation of the microbes affects basal levels of humoral immunity, possibly by reduction of gut-mediated immune responses.

Animal Feed↗