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Biomedical subjects

J J Sciarra

Publications and source records attributed to J J Sciarra.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Sexually transmitted diseases: global importance.

The worldwide incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) continues to increase and represents a major public health problem especially in the developing world causing infertility and ectopic pregnancy. Prevention of the spread of STDs, along with early detection and appropriate therapy has the potential to minimize the reproductive tract damage of these infections and simultaneously improve the health of women in all areas of the world.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed1995

Innovative community-based postgraduate training for obstetrics and gynecology in west Africa.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a unique international effort to develop a training program in West Africa that would be of similar quality to any other in the world (but with sensitivity to cross-cultural needs) and would retain physicians in West Africa to improve women's health in that part of the world. METHODS: Step-by-step formulation of a program included initial trainee recruitment, the inclusion of foreign guest faculty, and the establishment of institutional libraries. This was followed by a phase of curriculum development, recruitment of West African faculty, and organization of an innovative, community-based fourth year. RESULTS: Between ten and 12 postgraduates will have completed the program by January 1996, and will be placed in Ghana. More than 60% of Ghanaian postgraduates have passed the relevant regional examinations, compared with less than 25% of candidates from other countries. Nine Ghanaian specialists have returned to Ghana to become faculty members in the program. Over 20 published peer-reviewed articles have resulted from this program since 1989. The number of residents being trained has increased from three to 28. Seven new residents joined the program in 1994. An early reduction in maternal mortality from 9.9 deaths per 1000 births in 1991 to 4.2 deaths per 1000 births in 1992 was noted when senior postgraduates took over labor and delivery at the teaching hospital in Accra, Ghana, where approximately 10,000 deliveries occur per year. CONCLUSION: Specialty training in obstetrics and gynecology that is specifically aimed at meeting the needs of West Africa has been initiated successfully. Long-range success will require support from regional governments and continued long-term commitments from the international community of obstetricians and gynecologists.

Africa↗
PubMed1995

Hysteroscopic sterilization.

Despite the numerous painstaking evaluative trials that were conducted for more than two decades, hysteroscopic sterilization techniques remain more of a concept than a reality. However, it is likely that transcervical methods will continue to attract the investigator who is interested in simple, inexpensive outpatient office or female sterilization procedures in the clinic. Regardless, the cost of clinical trials, required follow-up, and preclinical toxicologic evaluations may continue to inhibit further research in this area.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1991

Study and treatment of gestational trophoblastic diseases at the John I. Brewer Trophoblastic Disease Center, 1962-1990.

From 1962 through 1989, 5063 patients were referred to the John I. Brewer Trophoblastic Disease Center of the Northwestern University Medical School. Among these were 564 patients treated with chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic tumors (choriocarcinoma and invasive mole). The overall cure rate was 94%, 100% for 323 patients without evidence of metastases and 85% for 241 patients with metastatic disease. Four factors were determined to significantly influence treatment response: (1) clinicopathologic diagnosis of choriocarcinoma, (2) metastases to sites other than the lung or vagina, (3) number of metastases, and (4) previous failed chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

Multiple pregnancy: an international perspective.

This article discusses the following areas of interest related to the obstetric care of multiple pregnancy: 1) methods of diagnosis and ultrasound, 2) pregnancy protection through adequate maternal nutrition, 3) mode of delivery, 4) discordant twins, and 5) assisted reproductive technology. The article also emphasizes the FIGO/WHO concerns regarding safe motherhood and proposes a four point program to reduce perinatal death rates in multiple pregnancy. These elements are: 1) adequate primary health care including access to family planning information and technology, 2) prenatal care with referral of high risk patients to specialized centers, 3) the presence of trained personnel for all women in childbirth, 4) effective access to obstetric care for women who are pregnant, giving birth, or recently delivered.

Female↗