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Biomedical subjects

J J Picazo

Publications and source records attributed to J J Picazo.

88 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

DNA release and appearance of antinuclear antibodies in chronic hemodialysis patients.

The presence of free serum DNA and/or antibodies against nuclear antigens was studied in 65 patients in chronic hemodialysis. Most of patients showed increased levels of both free single-stranded DNA (ss DNA) (28 out of 29) and native (double-stranded) DNA (n DNA) (25 our of 28) at the beginning of each dialysis session (69 +/- 26 vs. 119 +/- 14, p less than 0.05) suggesting a rapid in vivo degradation of the n DNA released. 15 out of 65 patients (23%) developed low anti-ss DNA antibody titers by Millipore filtration assay. 2 of them presented anti-n DNA antibodies simultaneously. Isolated anti-n DNA, anti-Sm and anti-RNP antibodies were systematically negative in all patients. No relationship was found between the presence of anti-ss DNA antibodies and the type of nephropathy, the duration of treatment and the method of dialysis. The fate of a renal allograft was studied in 12 patients after having measured serum-free DNA and anti-DNA antibodies. The 4 patients with good graft function after 2 years of transplantation had significantly higher circulating ss-DNA levels than the other 8 patients whose grafts were rejected.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[How to stimulate the placental function (author's transl)].

Imminent abortion, habitual abortion and threatened premature labor, all constitute difficult clinical problems. Those cases require on every occasion a diagnosis as acurate as possible, and unfortunately our present methods of biochemical determinations only represent a means to evaluate placental function. On those cases where a faulty placental function is detected thru the tests presently available, the authors recommend the utilization of a placentotropic substance, Gestanon, that is capable to stimulate and normalize the placental function, a is demostrated by the statistical results published in the international medical bibliography.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Post-pill amenorrhea and anovulation (author's transl)].

The numerous pregnancies that occur as early as the first cycle after the discontinuation of an oral contraceptive prove that in general ovulation reappears immediately and that after a period of "rest" more or less prolonged the ovaries reasume their normal function very rapidly. However, in less than 1% of the cases the discontinuation of oral contrecption is followed by anovulation or even amenorrhea. The authors try to find an explanation to this over supression syndrome and review the different treatments that have been proposed in the bibliography, but keeping in mind that within a year 14% of the anovulations and 5% of the amenorrbeas will have disappeared spontaneously.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vancomycin-resistant enterococci: in vitro activity of quinupristin / dalfoprostin (RP 59500)].

BACKGROUND: The recent emergence of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci limits the treatment of enterococcal infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of a new streptogramin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, against 30 clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant enterococci and compared with those of other 15 antimicrobials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Enterococci were identified by using Rapid ID 32 Strep system. Genotyping of the isolates was performed by PCR. The MICs of quinupristin/dalfopristin were determined by the agar dilution technique recommended by the NCCLS. Susceptibilities to the rest of antibiotics tested (teicoplanin, ampicillin, penicillin, imipenem, doxycicline, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, streptomycin, rifampin, levofloxacin, fleroxacin, trovafloxacin, sparfloxacin, pefloxacin and clinafloxacin) were determined by using the E test. beta-lactamase production was examined with nitrocefin disks. RESULTS: Quinupristin/dalfopristin has demonstrated excellent activity against Enterococcus faecium (MIC90' 2 micrograms/ml). Enterococcus faecalis was considerably less susceptible than E. faecium, at concentration of 4 micrograms/ml inhibited only 31% of tested strains. For doxycicline 77% of strains were susceptible. Only five isolates were susceptible to clinafloxacin; the other quinolones tested displayed poor activity. Resistance to chloramphenicol was detected in 47% of isolates. None of the isolates produced beta-lactamase. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that vancomycin-resistant enterococci are often concomitantly resistant to multiple antibiotics. Quinupristin/dalfopristin was the most active agent tested against E. faecium strains. On the basis of these results quinupristin/dalfopristin could be a therapeutic option for the treatment of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium infections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Recent advances in the hormonal treatment of sterility (author's transl)].

The present trends in the utilization of hormones in the treatment of sterility are reviewed, special reference being made to the utilization of gonadotrophins, hypothalamic hormones and gonadal hormones as well as other substances (clomiphene, epimestrol, cyclophenyl) that are also utilized in this type of treatments.

Clomiphene↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Carrier state of groups A, B, C, and D beta-hemolytic streptococci].

BACKGROUND: Streptococci group A is the most frequently isolated pathogen in the cases of acute pharyngotonsilitis in school-aged children. Hemolytic streptococci B, which are not of group A, have recently been described as a cause of pharyngotonsilitis. A study was carried out in school children in primary school with the aim of knowing the frequency of the state of pharyngeal carriers of streptococci in groups A, B, C and G. METHODS: A total of 347 children with ages ranging from 4 to 14 years of age were included in the study in which a pharyngeal exudate was obtained to investigate the presence of hemolytic streptococci B. RESULTS: The prevalence of streptococci group A in all the age groups studied was of 11.52% being significantly greater (40.47%) among children of preschool age (4-6 years). The prevalence of streptococci group C was 2.3% with no carriers of groups B or G being observed. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study are in agreement with the literature reviewed in which asymptomatic carriers of streptococci group A were found to be principally school aged children who are those who most frequently have acute pharyngotonsilitis. Neither the pathogenicity of hemolytic streptococci B, which are not of group A, nor their epidemiologic implications are totally clear.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Community-acquired respiratory infections].

BACKGROUND: Respiratory infections are the most frequent reason for primary health care consultation. Although generally not severe, they are responsible for a large number of days of laboral and scholar absenteeism and an excessive use of antibiotics. METHODS: The clinical and epidemiologic data of extrahospitalary infections in primary health care centers throughout Spain were collected according to the one day cut off system repeated trimestrally over one year. RESULTS: Data of 3,732 days of consultation were collected in which a total of 144,608 patients were attended. Of these, 20,614 had respiratory infections and 11,684 extrarespiratory infections. The most frequent processes were pharyngitis (33.7%), common cold (31.7%) followed by bronchitis (18.7%), otitis (11%), influenza (4.6%), laryngitis (4%), sinusitis (3.6%) and pneumonia (1.8%). Antibiotic treatment was prescribed in 13,488 patients (65%). The type of antibiotic was analyzed in the 11,977 patients treated for only one infection. Penicillins were the antibiotics most used followed by cephalosporins. The antibiotic prescribed was considered adequate in 70% of the 8,484 patients treated for potentially bacterial infection. A total of 3,493 patients had infection considered to be of viral etiology. CONCLUSIONS: Twenty-two percent of the patients attending a primary health care center presented infection and of these two out of three cases had respiratory infection. Pharyngitis and common cold were the most frequent processes observed. Two thirds of the patients consulting for respiratory infection received antibiotic treatment, with 29.2% being diagnosed with infections considered to be of viral etiology. The empiric treatment chosen for the two thirds of the potentially bacterial infections was considered as adequate.

Adolescent↗