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Biomedical subjects

J J Kjaergaard

Publications and source records attributed to J J Kjaergaard.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Hemoglobin AIc and red cell oxygen release capacity in relation to early retinal changes in newly discovered overt and chemical diabetics.

The average Hb A1c concentration in consecutive cases of newly discovered nonacidotic diabetics was 11.4% prior to diet and insulin, as compared to 5.5% following prolonged optimal control (p less than 0.001). Hemoglobin A1c was significantly correlated with fasting blood sugar. In a controlled study the average Hb A1c in 30 subjects with chemical diabetes was 5.8% as opposed to 5.3% in controls with normal OGTT (p less than 0.05). Thirty-seven percent of the chemical diabetics had Hb A1c values greater than or equal to 6.5%, while none in the control group showed such high values. Hb A1c in whole blood has increased oxygen affinity. A decrease in red-cell oxygen release was noted in some untreated nonacidotic diabetics, and an adverse effect of insulin on the oxygen release capacity was demonstrated in both newly diagnosed ketoacidotic and nonacidotic diabetics. The importance of this defect in red-cell oxygen-releasing capacity on the function of the microcirculation is discussed. Signs of an early breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier was demonstrated in 20% of the chemical diabetics by fluorescein angiography.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1979

Hemoglobin AIc as an index of long-term blood glucose regulation in diabetic pregnancy.

To evaluate hemoglobin AIc (Hb AIc) as an indicator of prolonged glucose control in pregnant diabetics, four groups of subjects were studied--16 pregnant diabetic, 13 pregnant nondiabetic, 12 nonpregnant diabetic, and 18 healthy control subjects. Hb AIc was significantly lower in the pregnant diabetic than in the nonpregnant diabetic subjects, 7.8% +/- 1.6 vs, 9.9% +/- 1.9 (mean +/- SD). No difference was present in the nondiabetic groups (4.0% +/- 0.7 vs. 4.3% +/- 0.8, respectively). Hb AIc correlated significantly with the average glucose concentrations of the preceding 60 days in both diabetic groups, suggesting that the lower concentration of Hb AIC in pregnant as compared with nonpregnant diabetic patients was because of better control of blood glucose. This was also borne out by the average of fasting glucose levels being 6.1 +/- 1.7 mmol/L in the pregnant diabetic and 10.7 +/- 2.2 mmol/l in the nonpregnant diabetic subjects.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1978

Haemoglobin AIc concentrations after initial insulin treatment for newly discovered diabetes.

Glycosylated haemoglobins AIa+Ib and AIc were measured serially in 10 consecutive cases of newly discovered non-acidotic diabetes before and after diet and insulin treatment. The average concentration of Hb AIc was 11.4% in untreated diabetics as compared with 4.3% in healthy controls. With prolonged optimal regulation of blood glucose Hb AIc slowly decreased to a mean concentration of 5.5%. The concentration of Hb AIc was significantly correlated with the fasting blood sugar value. The findings suggest that determining Hb AIc may give valuable information on the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in the preceding one to two months and thus become an important aid to management.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemoglobin A1c determinations in diabetic pregnancy.

To investigate the relationship of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) to average blood glucose concentration and to birth weight of infants of diabetic mothers, HbA1c was determined in 42 consecutive insulin-dependent pregnant diabetic women in the third trimester. HbA1c correlated significantly to the average blood glucose levels in the preceding 8 wk (r = 0.73, P less than 0.001). No correlation was found between HbA1c and the relative birth weight ratio (RBWR) for all newborn infants. However, in the major subgroups of pregnancies, White class B and C without prognostically bad signs in pregnancy (PBSP), HbA1c in the third trimester significantly correlated to RBWR (r = 0.59, P less than 0.01). In a subgroup of six pregnant diabetic women in whom HbA1c and blood glucose concentrations frequently were determined from the 13th to the 33rd gestational week, a relationship between HbA1c and the average blood glucose concentration of the preceding 8 and 12 wk in the individual pregnant subject was established. In spite of this correlation, HbA1c was found to be a poor predictor of the average blood glucose concentration in the individual patient. This indicates that HbA1c cannot satisfactorily describe the degree of diabetes control without simultaneous determinations of blood glucose. HbA1c determinations were found to be of value as an additional indicator of the quality of regulation during ambulatory control in diabetic pregnancy because an increase in HbA1c suggested an impairment of diabetic control. The perinatal mortality and morbidity of the infants of diabetic mothers were satisfactory in this series, as only one perinatal death, one nonserious malformation, and two cases of mild respiratory distress syndrome occurred among the 43 infants.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glycosylated hemoglobin in relation to rapid fluctuations in blood glucose in children with insulin-dependent diabetes: a comparison of methods with and without prior dialysis.

To evaluate the importance of dialysis in the determination of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1), we studied blood glucose and HbA1 in 38 insulin-dependent diabetic children during a morning fast and again 6 h postprandially. We used two methods to determine glycosylated hemoglobin: (1) the conventional macrocolumn method of Trivelli, which uses dialyzed hemolysate and (2) a commercially available microcolumn procedure, Isolab's Fast Hemoglobin Test System, which uses undialyzed blood samples. When the 6-h changes were assessed, the mean blood glucose had increased from 11.6 to 16.3 mmol/L (P less than 0.001). HbA1, determined by the microcolumn procedure simultaneously increased from 12.6% to 13.4% (P less than 0.001), and the increment in HbA1 correlated significantly with the increment in blood glucose (r = 0.62, P less than 0.001). HbA1 determined by the macrocolumn method increased slightly from 13.1% to 13.4% (P less than 0.01), and no correlation was present between the increment in blood glucose and HbA1 (r = -0.02, NS). When the microcolumn procedure was modified by employing dialyzed hemolysate, this method became unaffected by acute blood glucose variations. Therefore, dialysis in sample preparation appears to be important in minimizing the effect of acute changes in blood glucose on the level of glycohemoglobin. Methods in which dialyzed hemolysates are used may be more useful as an index of long-term glucose control.

Adolescent↗