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Biomedical subjects

J J Kanski

Publications and source records attributed to J J Kanski.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Lensectomy for complicated cataract in juvenile chronic iridocyclitis.

Experience with the removal of complicated cataract by lensectomy in patients with juvenile chronic iridocyclitis (JCI) has so far been limited. The results of lensectomy were reviewed retrospectively in 131 patients with JCI (187 eyes). The mean follow up period was 5 years 4 months. The main operative complication was accidental loss of lens material into the vitreous cavity. The postoperative complications were glaucoma (23 eyes, 15%), phthisis (14 eyes, 8%), secondary pupillary membranes (11 eyes, 6%), and retinal detachment (six eyes, 3%). The incidence of postoperative phthisis was related to the level of intraocular pressure (IOP) at the time of surgery. Twenty four per cent of hypotonous eyes and 4% of eyes with normal or elevated IOP became phthisical. Visual acuity was improved in 77%, was worse in 13%, and unchanged in 10% of eyes. The main causes of a postoperative visual acuity of 6/60 or less were glaucoma, amblyopia, and phthisis. Lensectomy did not appear to alter the course of uveitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Recurrent acute proptosis in atypical systemic lupus erythematosus.

A patient is described who developed acute proptosis, a rare complication of systemic lupus erythematosus, 16 years after the onset of the disease. Treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone produced rapid improvement, but swelling recurred a few days later. Intravenous corticosteroid was again effective and was continued orally without further episodes of proptosis. This patient is unusual in the long period of mild disease before the development of systemic complications, and in having antibodies to nuclear ribonucleoprotein but persistently normal titres of DNA-binding antibodies in her serum.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Screening for uveitis in juvenile chronic arthritis.

Three hundred and fifteen patients with anterior uveitis associated with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) were studied in order to identify the various risk factors for uveitis. Girls were more susceptible to uveitis than boys by a ratio of 3:1. In 94% of cases the uveitis was diagnosed after the development of arthritis. The risk of uveitis was small after seven or more years had elapsed from the onset of arthritis. Patients with pauciarticular onset JCA had the highest risk of uveitis and systemic onset patients the least risk. The presence of circulating antinuclear antibody was also an important marker for an increased risk of uveitis. A regimen for routine screening of patients is suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Uveitis in juvenile chronic arthritis: incidence, clinical features and prognosis.

Three hundred and fifteen patients with anterior uveitis and juvenile chronic arthritis were reviewed in order to determine the incidence, visual prognosis, and the clinical characteristics of the intraocular inflammation. The overall incidence of uveitis was 20%. Approximately 25% of patients had relatively mild and/or transient involvement and an excellent visual prognosis. In 50% the uveitis was more severe but could be controlled with topical medication. In the remaining 25% the visual prognosis was poor due to the intractable nature of the uveitis and the subsequent development of vision-threatening complications. The majority of patients (74%) were under the age of 8 years when the uveitis was first diagnosed. Clinically, the intraocular inflammation was most frequently an asymptomatic, chronic, non-granulomatous, iridocyclitis which was bilateral in 71% of cases. Other ocular lesions, which were rare, included keratoconjunctivitis sicca and corneal melting.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1987

Retinoblastoma: report of a case with minimal retinal involvement but massive anterior segment spread.

The case is described of a unilateral retinoblastoma in a 7-year-old girl which was initially misdiagnosed because of massive anterior segment involvement in the apparent absence of a retinal lesion. Only on histopathological examination of the enucleated eye was the presence of retinal tumour established, this being confined to two minute foci at the extreme periphery.

Anterior Eye Segment↗
PubMed1985

Trabeculodialysis for inflammatory glaucoma in children and young adults.

A modified goniotomy (trabeculodialysis) was performed on 30 eyes of 23 patients with secondary glaucoma due to chronic anterior uveitis. All but two patients also suffered from juvenile chronic arthritis (Still's disease, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis). Trabeculodialysis was unsuccessful in lowering intraocular pressure to below 21 mmHg in 12 (40%) of eyes and successful in 18 (60%) of eyes. Of the 18 successful cases, 5 required no additional medication, but in 13 cases the intraocular pressure could only be maintained at a normal level by concomitant anti-glaucoma therapy. The presence of aphakia, extent of preoperative angle closure, and patient's age had no bearing on the outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Closed intraocular microsurgery in ocular trauma.

A series of 53 eyes that had suffered severe trauma was treated by closed intraocular microsurgery with vitreous cutters. The cases were divided into three categories: (a) anterior segment reconstruction for traumatic cataracts and post-traumatic pupillary membranes, (b) vitreous haemorrhage with and without retinal detachment, and (c) traumatically dislocated lenses.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed1977

Anterior uveitis in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

The ocular and systemic characteristics of 160 patients with anterior uveitis and seronegative juvenile rheumatoid arthritis are reviewed. Chronic uveitis occurred in 131 patients, 76% of whom were girls. Both eyes were involved in 70% of the cases. Band keratopathy occurred in 41% of the eyes, cataract in 42%, and secondary glaucoma in 19%. Only 11 patients had uveitis before the onset of arthritis. Notable correlations included a pauciarticular onset of arthritis in 95% of the patients, and positive tests for antinuclear antibody in 82%. Of 29 patients with acute anterior uveitis, 27 were boys. The inflammation responded well to therapy, and serious complications did not occur. At follow-up 21 patients had typical ankylosing spondylitis, and five had sacroiliitis. The incidence of positive results of tests for HLA-B27 antigen was 94%.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Vitrectomy technique in anterior segment surgery.

Instruments designed primarily for vitreous surgery were used in 74 anterior segment operations. In each case the instrument was introduced into the eye through a limbal incision. This preliminary report shows that this new approach offers several advantages over conventional methods in selected cases. It is of particular value in the management of presenile and complicated cataracts and in the removal of capsulo-lenticular remnants and pupillary membranes. A larger number of cases and longer follow-up are necessary to define further the specific indications and limitations of this technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Lensectomy.

Lensectomy is a new technique of lens extraction by which lens material is cut and aspirated through a fine-bore needle. The technique is simple and atraumatic. The small limbal incision, which does not require suturing, has the advantage of reducing the risk of vitreous loss and the amount of surgically-induced astigmatism to a minimum. Instruments designed primarily for vitreous surgery were used in the removal of cataracts from seventy eyes. This preliminary report shows that this new approach offers several advantages over conventional methods in selected cases. It appears to be of particular value in the management of cataracts secondary to chronic anterior uveitis. It is also a good alternative in the treatment of traumatic, presenile, and congenital or juvenile cataracts. Lensectomy is not a suitable technique for the removal of calcified lenses or those with hard nuclei. Possible complications include endothelial damage, loss of lens matter into the vitreous, and retinal detachment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Immunoglobulins and antinuclear antibodies in aqueous humour from patients with juvenile "rheumatoid" arthritis (Still's disease).

Aqueous humour and blood from twenty cataractous patients with chronic anterior uveitis and the monopauciarticular form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were tested for immunoglobulins G, A, and M and for autoantibodies, particularly those against nuclear antigens. The aqueous immunoglobulins were raised in the majority of patients even when the eyes were normal biomicroscopically. Raised IgG antinuclear antibodies were found in 85% of the aqueous samples. Information obtained from the study of aqueous humour from fourteen patients with senile cataract was used for statistical analysis of these data. The presence of high molecular weight immunoglobulins in the aqueous humour from patients with Still's disease suggests an abnormal blood-ocular barrier which may be responsible for the recurrence which follows an ostensibly treated primary attack of uveitis. The presence of antinuclear antibody in a few aqueous samples without a concomitant rise in the blood levels is suggestive of local antibody synthesis.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1977

Prevention of aphakic retinal detachment by circumferential cryotherapy.

In a series of ARD'S, the incidence of bilaterality was 35%, as opposed to an incidence of bilaterality of 12% in patients with PRDs. The purpose of this communication is to determine whether the very high incidence of bilaterality in patients with ARDs can be reduced significantly by prophylactic treatment of the fellow eye. The fellow eye of patients who had suffered a unilateral ARDs were treated by prophylactic circumferential equatorial cryopexy irrespective of whether or not predisposing lesions were present. The eyes were treated either prior to lens extraction or following lens extraction. The techniques, complications and results of treatment are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Prophylaxis of retinal detachment.

The incidence of retinal detachment after prophylactic treatment is between 1 and 14%. In a series of 701 eyes treated prophylactically with photocoagulation or cryopexy (with and without scleral buckling), incidence of retinal detachment was 4.7%. The incidence of new break formation was 8.0%; in 26 eyes, new breaks were responsible for the subsequent formation of retinal detachment; in seven eyes, retinal detachment resulted from inadequate reaction around the treated retinal break. Twenty eyes suffered a deterioration of visual acuity of two or more lines after treatment. The incidence of complications after photocoagulation was higher than after cryopexy, although there was no significant difference in the efficacy between the two methods.

Cryosurgery↗