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J J Gonvers

Publications and source records attributed to J J Gonvers.

142 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Plasma glucagon in diabetes of haemochromatosis: too low or too high?

Glucagon secretion before and during arginine infusions was tested in 11 patients with diabetes associated with haemochromatosis. The results were compared with those obtained in six normal subjects and five patients with haemochromatosis but normal glucose tolerance. The patients with haemochromatosis, regardless of glucose tolerance, exhibited higer level of plasma immunoreactivity for glucagon (antiserum 30-K) suggesting hyperglucagonaemia. However, additional analysis revealed that a considerable amount of this glucagon immunoreactivity was due to cross-reacting material of high molecular weight, the levels of which were significantly higher in patients with idiopathic haemochromatosis. When this was deducted from the total immunoreactivity measured, the resulting values for true glucagon concentrations were similar to those of normal subjects. The data suggest that (1) patients with idiopathic haemochromatosis, whether or not associated with diabetes, exhibit plasma glucagon levels comparable with those of normal subjects; (2) the plasma of the same patients contains significantly more high-molecular-weight substances reacting with glucagon antiserum 30-K than is present in plasma of normal subjects; and (3) 'hyperglucagonaemia' may be erroneously suggested when glucagon is measured with certain antisera reputed to be specific for glucagon.

Arginine↗
PubMed1978

[Liver tumors and oral contraceptives].

Benign liver cell tumors in young women are reported with increasing frequency. An association between benign tumors and oral contraceptive use was first suggested in 1973 by Janet Baum. During the past ten years we have observed 15 benign liver cell tumors, all of the focal nodular hyperplasia type. Ten of the 15 women were taking or had taken oral contraceptives. This association was found not to be statistically significant (0.06 greater than p greater than 0.05). We also diagnosed 2 liver cell carcinomas in women who had taken contraceptives.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Postoperative reflux gastritis].

Postoperative reflux gastritis is generally considered a definite clinical syndrome. It is the possible sequel to any gastric surgery suppressing pyloric continence. Incidence of this complication is still difficult to evaluate, whereas enterogastric reflux is often seen during endoscopy. 75 patients were studied clinically and endoscopically, and their gastric mucosa histologically, after gastric surgery. Results were compared to those in a 2nd group of patients whose reflux induced symptoms had been brought under control by endoscopically confirmed surgical correction of reflux. Enterogastric reflux is common (80%), but its effect on the gastric mucosa is observed endoscopically only when it is relatively marked (69%). Clinical suspicion of reflux gastritis is most often confirmed by endoscopy, but endoscopic reflux gastritis is symptomatic in only half of patients undergoing surgery. Foveolar hyperplasia is the only histological criterion related to reflux gastritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Cimetidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer (author's transl)].

In a double-blind trial of patients with duodenal ulcer at three centres the healing rate after a four-week course of treatment (1 g cimetidine daily) was 79% (30 out of 38 patients), compared with 58% (23 out of 40 patients) on placebos. Cimetidine did not effect subjective symptoms or the need for antacids to relieve pain, except for a minor beneficial effect on diurnal ulcer symptoms during the second week of treatment. Results of long-term administration suggest that cimetidine at 400 mg daily prevent s relapses, but the possibility of an increased relapse rate after cimetidine withdrawal can not as yet be excluded.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Therapy of duodenal ulcer using cimetidine].

55 patients with endoscopically confirmed duodenal ulcers received either cimetidine (26 patients) or placebo (29 patients) in a double-blind trial. At four weeks, 85% of the patients treated with cimetidine and 62% of those receiving placebo had endoscopically healed ulcers. This difference is not statistically significant. However, patients on cimetidine showed a more rapid and statistically significant reduction in the size of their ulcers.

Cimetidine↗
PubMed1977

[Study of glucagon secretion in patients with hemochromatosis].

Diabetes in idiopathic hemochromatosis has been considered to be secondary to islet cell damage resulting from the iron deposits. Plasma glucagon was measured by immunoassay using the pancreas specific 30-K antiserum, and was found to be normal or slightly elevated during arginine-infusion tests in patients exhibiting both hemochromatosis and pathological glucose tolerance. This suggests that diabetes in hemochromatosis is not due to a lesion resulting from the iron deposits. The two affections appear to be merely associated and are possibly genetically linked.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1971

[Effect of pH on the physico-chemical and immunologic properties of rabbit antibodies].

The effects of an incubation at low pH (during 20 h at 37 degrees) on the antibody activity and anticomplementary activity of rabbit IgG have been studied. Modifications have also been examined by physicochemical methods. The properties of rabbit anti-sheep red cell IgG are not modified by incubation at pH values between 7.4 and 4.0 during 20 h at 37 degrees. Below pH 4 a decrease of hemolytic activity is apparent concomitant with an important increase of the agglutinating activity. This phenomenon is due to the formation of polymers from native IgG. At pH values below 3.8 the anticomplementary activity of a nonspecific IgG decreases rapidly. One observes an increase of optical rotation, a finding which is compatible with the appearance of heavier compounds with sedimentation coefficients of 9.5 and 11.5 S, probably dimers of native IgG. The increase of optical rotation is partially reversible when the pH is readjusted to 7.4. The use of starch-gel and immunoelectrophoresis has shown the appearance of compounds with higher mobility which are closely related to a peptide (PEP III') which was isolated from a peptic hydrolysate of rabbit IgG. The decrease of anticomplementary activity of nonspecific IgG seems to be closely related to the liberation of PEP III'.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Palatability of a new solution compared with standard polyethylene glycol solution for gastrointestinal lavage.

The salty unpleasant taste of the standard polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution constitutes a major drawback, which limits patient compliance. Recently, a new low-sodium cleansing solution was described and introduced as a major advance, allegedly providing a distinctly better taste and improving compliance. We compared the taste of both solutions, seeking a possible preference applying a double-blind randomized design. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers tasted one of the two solutions without a direct comparison. Both solutions were found to have a similar palatability and an equal salty taste. A different group of 50 volunteers compared the two solutions. Twenty-one preferred the standard solution, 25 preferred the new solution (not significant), and 4 subjects had no preference. Among the subjects basing their preference on the saltiness of the solutions, 18 estimated the standard solution to taste more salty than the new low sodium solution, while 18 volunteers found the new solution to taste more salty than the standard solution. This study does not confirm a taste preference for the new low-salt polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution as compared with the standard solution for colonic cleansing. The difference in the salt concentrations of the two solutions could not regularly be distinguished by a group of healthy volunteers.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Low sodium solution for colonic cleansing: a double-blind, controlled, randomized prospective study.

The standard polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution for colonic cleansing has a salty unpleasant taste resulting in limited patient acceptance. Introduced as a major advance allegedly providing a distinctly better taste, a new low sodium cleansing solution was recently described. In a double-blind controlled fashion, 66 colonoscopy outpatients were interviewed about general palatability and tolerance of the solution they had ingested for the preparation of endoscopy. Preparation quality was assessed endoscopically. Similar results were obtained for both solutions concerning palatability, tolerance, and cleansing quality. Furthermore, a small quantity of both solutions was tasted and directly compared for taste qualities before endoscopy. Fifty-one and one-half percent of patients preferred the new solution and 48.5% preferred the standard solution or had no preference (not significant). Of the patients, 39.2% were unable to differentiate between the more and the less salty solution. Moreover, 39.6% of patients preferred the solution they judged more salty. We conclude that the new low sodium lavage solution is not superior to the standard solution regarding patient acceptance, compliance, and cleansing quality. Thus, the reduction of salt concentration does not appear to be the appropriate approach to improve patients compliance with colonic cleansing solutions.

Colonoscopy↗