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Biomedical subjects

J J Corbett

Publications and source records attributed to J J Corbett.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Functional visual loss. Follow-up of 42 cases.

Forty-two patients with diagnosed functional visual loss were reexamined an average of four years after their initial visit. Twenty-three patients continued to have constricted or spiral visual fields at follow-up. Despite persistent evidence of functional visual defects, few patients were either socially or economically impaired by them. Patients who had other types of visual field loss or loss of visual acuity were more likely to have these signs resolve than were patients with constricted or spiral fields. Concurrent unrelated organic ocular disease was present in 11 patients. In 20 patients, it was not possible to identify psychiatric symptoms either related to the onset of functional eye signs or at follow-up. Treatment did not substantially alter the course.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Syphilitic neuroretinitis.

Four patients (three men, 32, 43, and 53 years old, and one 37-year-old woman) with syphilitic neuroretinitis had cerebrospinal fluid evidence of neurosyphilis. Therapy failed in one patient given penicillin G benzathine intramuscularly and it may have failed in a second patient. Another treatment failure occurred in a patient given tetracycline orally. Intramuscular penicillin G benzathine or intramuscular penicillin G procaine in doses of less than 2.4 million units/day does not produce spirocheticidal drug levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. All four patients improved after high-dose treatment with aqueous penicillin G.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Pupillary defects in amblyopia.

We examined the pupils of 55 amblyopic subjects to determine whether a pupillary defect could be detected in the amblyopic eye. We found relative afferent pupillary defects in 45 of the subjects; these defects were equal to or larger than 0.3 log unit (that is, easily visible) in 29 subjects. The pupillary defect was always in the amblyopic eye, but it could not be correlated with the severity or the cause of the amblyopia, with visual-evoked potential abnormalities, or with color vision defects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Cerebrospinal fluid pressure in normal obese subjects and patients with pseudotumor cerebri.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure was measured in four groups of patients: 116 with acute pseudotumor cerebri, 18 with chronic pseudotumor cerebri, 41 obese and 15 nonobese normal patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. Spinal fluid pressure between 200 and 250 mm H2O was found in members of each group. This suggests that when elevated CSF pressure is suspected, confirmation requires values greater than 250 mm H2O. The CSF pressure and degree of obesity could not be correlated in any meaningful way. There was no significant statistical difference between the mean CSF pressures obtained in the obese and nonobese normal populations.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Ophthalmoscopy of the retinal nerve fiber layer. Use in detection of neurologic disease.

Ophthalmoscopic examination of the retinal nerve fiber layer may demonstrate changes associated with a variety of diseases. These alterations are of four general types: slit or rake defects, sector atrophy, diffuse atrophy, and density changes in the nerve fibers themselves. With practice and the use of a bright source of "red-free" light, recognition of these alterations provides a bedside tool for evaluation of te anterior visual pathways.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Visual loss in pseudotumor cerebri. Follow-up of 57 patients from five to 41 years and a profile of 14 patients with permanent severe visual loss.

The prognosis for vision in most patients with pseudotumor cerebri is excellent; however, visual loss, which is the only serious complication, may occur either early or late in the course of the disease. A group of 57 patients was followed up five to 41 years with visual fields, visual acuity, and fundus photographs. Blinding visual loss or severe visual impairment in one or both eyes occurred in 14 patients, and in seven patients, this occurred months to years after the initial symptoms. Systemic hypertension was a significant risk factor for visual loss in patients with pseudotumor cerebri, and blindness occurred in eight of 13 patients who were hypertensive. Despite suggestions that blind spot measurement is useful for following up patients with this condition, we believe that sequential quantitative perimetry gives more complete information and is essential to rational decision making in the treatment of pseudotumor cerebri.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Sphenoid pneumosinus dilatans. A sign of meningioma originating in the optic canal.

Surgical exploration of three patients who had a radiological diagnosis of sphenoid pneumosinus dilatans disclosed an intracanalicular meningioma of the sheath of the optic nerve (MSON), bilaterally in two patients and unilaterally in the other. Two cases of sphenoid pneumosinus dilatans, previously reported, are reviewed, and a new case is presented. The relationship of sphenoid pneumosinus to MSON is discussed. Sphenoid pneumosinus dilatans may be an early sign of MSON in the optic canals or at the optic foramens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Slowly alternating skew deviation: description of a pretectal syndrome in three patients.

Three patients who had slowly alternating skew deviation are described; each had elements of the Sylvian aqueduct syndrome. This combination of signs supports a pretectal location for lesions associated with alternating skew movements. Postmortem examination of a patient who died of chronic herpes simplex encephalitis showed extensive demyelination and periaqueductal spongiform degeneration; there was preservation of the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei, the medial longitudinal fasciculus, vestibular nuclei, and the interstitial nucleus of Cajal bilaterally. The slowly alternating dysconjugate vertical movements bear a resemblance to both see-saw nystagmus and the ocular tilt response.

Brain↗
PubMed1981

Unilateral nasal hemianopia as a sign of intracranial optic nerve compression.

A 52-year-old woman complained of progressive loss of vision in the right eye. Although the visual acuity was normal, there was a relative afferent pupillary defect, and a mild decrease in color vision, mild optic disk pallor, and a nasal field defect along the central vertical meridian. The left eye was normal. Craniotomy disclosed a giant right-sided carotid-ophthalmic artery aneurysm.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗