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Biomedical subjects

J J Carroll

Publications and source records attributed to J J Carroll.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Criterion-related validity of the Marital Disaffection Scale as a measure of marital estrangement.

The Marital Disaffection Scale was administered, along with measures of positive feelings towards spouse, problem-drinking behavior of spouse, workaholic behavior of spouse, and marital status, to 323 female members of the American Counseling Association. Scores on the Marital Disaffection Scale showed significant inverse correlations (r = -.94) with positive feelings towards spouse and (rpb = -.63) with marital status. Scores on the Marital Disaffection Scale showed significant positive relationships (r = .36) with spouse's problem drinking behavior and (r = .48) with workaholic behavior of spouse. The results support the use of the Marital Disaffection Scale as a measure of emotional estrangement in marriage.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Assessing the offspring of workaholic parents: the Children of Workaholics Screening Test.

This study reports initial stages in the development of a self-report instrument that measures offsprings' mental disposition toward their parents' work habits. In an initial sitting, a battery of tests was administered to 207 young adults to assess the reliability and validity of the Children of Workaholics Screening Test. After a 2-wk. interval, the test was administered again. Test-retest reliability, split-half reliability, and concurrent validity are reported. The findings provide strong support for the utility of the Children of Workaholics Screening Test for assessing the offspring of workaholic parents.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Relationships of ozone exposure to pine injury in the Sierra Nevada and San Bernardino Mountains of California, USA.

Hourly ambient ozone exposure data and crown injury measurements were gathered in the Sierra Nevada and San Bernardino Mountains of California to develop relationships between the Ozone Injury Index (OII), the Forest Pest Management Index (FPM), chlorotic mottle, fascicle retention (OII index components) and cumulative ambient ozone indices for Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws and Pinus jeffreyi Grev. and Balf. Eleven sites located in the mixed conifer forest near ambient ozone monitoring sites were evaluated annually for 4 years. Four other sites in the San Bernardino Mountains were evaluated for 1 year. Analyses showed OII to be functionally equivalent (r2 = 0.96) to the FPM, and to depend only on fascicle retention and chlorotic mottle (R2 = 0.95) of the fourth whorl (or if four whorls are not present at the site, then the last whorl present for the majority of trees). Significant associations were found between OII and 4-year 24-h. summer SUM0, SUM06, W126 and HRS80 ozone indices. Three sites had higher levels of cumulative chlorotic mottle for individual whorls and larger numbers of trees with visible crown injury than other sites with similar cumulative ambient ozone levels. Including an indicator variable to discriminate between these two groups of sites increased R2 and decreased root mean square (RMSE) for all indices, especially SUM0 (R2 = 0.93, RMSE reduced by 46%).

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Counseling students' attribution of diagnostic credibility to clinical supervisors.

Research on factors influencing diagnostic credibility has not been widespread. In this study, agreement ratings for a clinical diagnosis were compared for two groups of students receiving supervision from differently credentialed hypothetical supervisors. Implications of these findings are discussed relative to preparation practices and improving clinical practice. As 190 students who had completed either less than one-half (n = 112) or more than one-half (n = 78) of their programs in 9 institutions gave mean ratings of about 5 on a 10-point scale, they did not differentially rate diagnostic credibility of the hypothetical supervisors having credentials as psychiatrists, doctorate-holding counselor education faculty, doctorate-holding psychologists, and doctoral students holding master's degrees in counselor education.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The use of pronoun anaphora and speaker mood in the interpretation of conversational utterances by right hemisphere brain-damaged patients.

Understanding utterances in conversations requires a listener to weigh the disparate pieces of information present in a discourse. In this study, we examined how right hemisphere brain-damaged (RHD) patients and non-brain-damaged control subjects interpreted responses to questions concerning the location of a person (e.g., "Where's Dad?"). Stimulus vignettes included variation on three factors relevant to discourse comprehension: the mood of a speaker, the plausibility of the answer to a question, and whether the answer contained an anaphoric pronoun linking the response to the preceding question. Relative to the control subjects, the RHD patients made greater than normal use of the presence/absence of an anaphoric pronoun in their utterance interpretations, less than normal use of the speaker's mood, and marginally less than normal use of a response's plausibility. These data show how RHD patients rely on their largely intact linguistic abilities when understanding discourse and how their comprehension goes awry due to their reduced appreciation of other essential aspects of natural communication. The discussion focuses on the variable roles of speaker mood, plausibility, and pronoun anaphora in supporting inferences about a speaker's intended meaning and on the selective nature of RHD patients' impairment in this domain.

Affect↗
PubMed1989

Impact of biotechnology on the diagnostics of thrombotic disorders.

The use of monoclonal antibodies, genetic engineering, and recombinant molecules have greatly affected the diagnostics and therapeutics of thrombotic disorders. Future diagnostics and therapeutics will use chimeric or bifunctional antibodies, DNA probes, and perhaps liposomes in order to improve sensitivity and therapeutic efficacy. These highly sensitive and specific immunochemical tools also allow us to quantitate the activities of the various steps of the hemostatic mechanism in vivo at subnamolar levels.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Spreadsheets simplify sensitivity analysis for capital decisions.

The availability and ease of use of electronic spreadsheets removes the previously cumbersome number crunching burden of sensitivity analysis. In this article, the advantages of sensitivity analysis will be reintroduced and a model will be presented using a pro forma statement for a freestanding magnetic resonance imaging center.

Capital Expenditures↗
PubMed1987

Simulating the loss of PIP: what can hospitals expect?

With the loss of the periodic interim payment (PIP), hospitals will lose the steady flow of income they have become dependent upon. However, with the use of computer simulation, hospital administrators can see how this loss could possibly affect their institutions.

Accounting↗
PubMed1986

Organoastatine chemistry. Astatination via electrophilic destannylation.

Substantial interest is currently focused on the alpha-emitting radiohalogen 211At, principally because of its potential use in the radiation therapy of cancer. Knowledge of organoastatine chemistry is incomplete and existing methods for its incorporation restrict the range of compounds which may be labeled. Aryl and vinyl Sn(IV) compounds are notably susceptible to substitution of tin by a variety of electrophiles. We have investigated the reaction of aryltrialkylstannanes with astatine and report here the first examples of astatodestannylation. Formation of aryl astatides proceeds rapidly, cleanly and under mild conditions. The data further elucidate aspects of astatine reactivity and suggest a general route to synthesize astatinated compounds.

Astatine↗
PubMed1986

NPV vs. IRR: with capital budgeting, which do you choose?

The standard that defines quality health care rises as new technologies and procedures become available. To the health care financial manager, maintaining quality health care becomes a twofold problem--how to keep up with the latest developments while staying within budget guidelines. Two methods of analyzing capital expenditures are available to the financial manager, IRR and NPV. The latter is the safest and most reliable. NPV takes into account present market conditions and neither penalizes nor overly rewards either the buyer or seller of a particular project. This article is the first of a two-part series on capital budgeting in health care and takes the financial manager beyond the pure arithmetic of NPV and IRR to show the depth and meaning behind the arithmetic.

Accounts Payable and Receivable↗
PubMed1986

Inflation, risk, replacement, closure: concerns in capital budgeting.

Four problems can affect the capital budgeting process-inflation, replacement, risk, and closure. Therefore financial managers must consider these problems carefully when making capital budgeting decisions. This article is the second of a two-part series on capital budgeting in health care. It builds on the existing level of knowledge of capital budgeting to give the financial manager confidence in the use of capital budgeting techniques.

Budgets↗
PubMed1977

Management of pheochromocytoma during pregnancy.

To reduce the high maternal and fetal mortality in pheochromocytoma of pregnancy, therapy is advocated with phenoxybenzamine and propranolol to obtain adequate alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor blockade. In early pregnancy control of symptoms may be difficult, but the patient may be carried to term with such medical therapy. Delivery should be by cesarean section before the onset of labour, with, if possible, simultaneous removal of the tumour. Additional preoperative preparation with phenoxybenzamine and propranolol and careful intraoperative management are essential. During her third pregnancy a 29-year-old woman was found to have a pheochromocytoma of the left adrenal gland. After the medical therapy and preparation described, the infant was delivered by cesarean section and the mother's left adrenal gland excised. Eight-year follow-up, including during a fourth pregnancy, showed no recurrence of tumour in the mother and only mild hypertension. The infant developed normally.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗