The regenerative capacity of the telencephalon of the goldfish and rat.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
J J Bernstein
Publications and source records attributed to J J Bernstein.
Relationship of cortico-spinal tract growth to age and body weight in the rat.
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Aging↗
Different vascular patterns of medulloblastoma and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors.
Astrocytoma vasculature patterns differ according to histological grade of malignancy with glioblastoma multiforme (WHO grade IV) showing most extensive endothelial proliferation. Here, we determined whether the vascular patterns of medulloblastoma and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs), which can be hardly distinguished histopathologically, differ. We evaluated the spatial organization of vessels in medulloblastomas and PNETs using antibodies to von Willebrand factor (vWF) and CD34. Medulloblastoma capillaries showed slight endothelial cell hyperplasia. Microvessels sprouted from the capillaries and formed glomeruloid clusters. There were areas with chains of unopposed endothelial cells (3-10 cells). Supratentorial PNETs had highly branched capillaries with extensive endothelial cell hyperplasia. Glomeruloid arrays of microvessels extended from the capillaries. Small fragments of endothelial tubes were scattered throughout the tumor. Therefore, medulloblastomas and supratentorial PNETs showed different spatial organization of tumor vessels which can be used for differentiation of each tumor entity. These vascular patterns may reflect different tumor derived angiogenic stimuli.
Antigens, CD34↗
Are endothelial cell patterns of astrocytomas indicative of grade?
BACKGROUND: The most common primary brain tumors in children and adults are of astrocytic origin. Classic histologic grading schemes for astrocytomas have included evaluating the presence or absence of nuclear abnormalities, mitoses, vascular endothelial proliferation, and tumor necrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the vascular pattern of 17 astrocytoma surgical specimens (seven from children and 10 from adults), and four normal brains obtained at autopsy, utilizing antibody to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) utilizing confocal microscopy. A modified WHO classification was used. RESULTS: All tumor cases showed cells positive for GFAP. Control tissues showed a few, widely separated vessels. Pilocytic astrocytomas (four cases) showed lacy clusters of small-to-medium sized vessels, with intact vessel wall integrity. Diffuse, low grade astrocytoma (three cases) showed a staining pattern similar to control tissue; intermediate grade (one case), anaplastic astrocytoma (three cases) and gliobastoma multiforme (six cases) showed an increased vessel density with multiple small vessels (glomeruloid clusters), some with prominent intimal hyperplasia, loss of vessel wall integrity, and with numerous vWF-positive single cells/microvessels within the tumor substance. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of astrocytomas utilizing antibody to vWF and confocal microscopy aids in the grading of these neoplasms.
Adolescent↗
Transfection and dye premarking of human and rat glioma cell lines affects adhesion, migration and proliferation.
It is assumed that a cell that is transfected for any gene addition or replacement or was premarked with a cell tracker dye retains the characteristics of the original cell. The following experiments compare the original C6 rat glioma cell line with C6 cells transfected with the retroviral plasmid LacZ, and the human glioma cell lines GaMG, U373, U251, and D54 with cells stained with tracker dyes (Dil and DiO). We tested adhesion, migration and proliferation. C6 cell transfection did not affect adhesion but decreased (p < 0.05) migration. Dil staining resulted in a significant decrease (p < 0.01) in adhesion in all cell lines but U251. After DiO staining human cell lines U373 and D54 displayed a decrease in adhesion (p < 0.01) whereas U251 and GaMG cells had enhanced adhesion (p < 0.01). Dye marking of C6, GaMG and U373 cells did not alter migratory capacity. In contrast, Dil and DiO reduced migration of U251 and D54 cells (p < 0.05). There was a decrease (p < 0.01) in proliferation of the human cell lines after Dil staining. Transfection or membrane dyes can alter basic cell characteristics. The assumption that a transfected or dye marked cell is the same as the original cell but with an additional gene or the presence of a dye in the membrane is untenable.
Animals↗