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Biomedical subjects

J J Abitbol

Publications and source records attributed to J J Abitbol.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Gluteal nerve damage following total hip arthroplasty. A prospective analysis.

Injuries to the peroneal or tobial divisions of the sciatic nerve occur in approximately 0.7-7.6% of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. No prior studies have investigated the incidence of injury to the superior or inferior gluteal nerves during hip surgery. This study evaluates the incidence of injury to the superior and inferior gluteal nerves in 55 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty using a newly devised EMG scoring system. Subclinical gluteal nerve injury was documented in over 77% of patients, whether a posterior or a lateral approach to the hip was used.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Radiographic assessment of sacral screw placement.

Sacral screw penetration of the anterior sacral cortex runs the risk of injury to neural, vascular, and visceral structures. This study examined the accuracy of the standard anteroposterior (AP) and lateral roentgenographic views as compared to a modified pelvic inlet (MPI) view in determining sacral screw penetration and angulation. Ten human cadaveric specimens were studied. Screw depth and screw angulation in the transverse plane were best evaluated with the MPI view. Screw penetration was overestimated by 0.4 mm (+/- 2.2 mm) on the MPI view, whereas the lateral view overestimated screw penetration by 2.8 mm (+/- 4.7 mm). Screw angulation in the sagittal plane could only be evaluated by the lateral view. The standard anteroposterior view provided little useful information on sacral screw orientation. To study all parameters of sacral screw placement, the radiographic series should include a modified pelvic inlet view and a lateral sacral view.

Bone Screws↗
PubMed1990

Organization of intrathecal nerve roots at the level of the conus medullaris.

The three-dimensional organization of the spinal nerve roots at the level of the conus medullaris has not been described previously, to our knowledge. In this study, we used a newly developed technique of in situ fixation and embedding to define the cross-sectional anatomy at the level of the conus medullaris in ten fresh human cadavera. A highly organized overlapping pattern of nerve roots was demonstrated in all specimens. The nerve roots form a peripheral rim around the spinal cord at the levels of the tenth and eleventh and the eleventh and twelfth thoracic intervertebral discs. More caudally, the cord diminishes in size and the nerve roots predominate. The most cephalad roots lie laterally, with the motor roots ventral to their sensory counterparts. The more caudad roots overlap toward the midline, and the motor and sensory portions of each root are separated by spinal cord tissue. An intricate web of arachnoid membrane holds the nerve roots in a fixed relationship to each other.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Nerve-roots of the cauda equina. The effect of hypotension and acute graded compression on function.

The influence of hypotension on the function of nerve-roots of the cauda equina under acute graded compression was studied with use of an established porcine model. In twenty adult miniature pigs, the nerve-roots of the cauda equina were compressed at pressures of zero (sham), fifty, 100, or 200 millimeters of mercury, and hypotension was induced with sodium nitroprusside. Compression was maintained for two hours, and a ninety-minute period of recovery followed. The nerve-roots were monitored electrophysiologically throughout the experiment. To assess the effect of compression and hypotension on the function of the nerve-roots, values of afferent and efferent amplitude and nerve-conduction velocity were compared with values in twenty adult miniature pigs that had similar graded compression without hypotension. Hypotension significantly affected efferent and afferent amplitudes at the end of the compression period; the effect remained significant at the end of the recovery period. The most profound effect of hypotension occurred during compression at fifty millimeters of mercury--a pressure that had no effect on the function of the nerves in normotensive animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The treatment of multiple myeloma of the cervical spine with a halo vest.

Two patients with multiple myeloma involving the cervical spine and causing instability were treated in a halo vest while radiotherapy and chemotherapy were instituted. Further instability and neurological loss were prevented while continuing this treatment. The bony lesions eventually healed and mechanical stability was restored in both patients. Temporary halo vest placement with concurrent chemo- and/or radiotherapy can be a reasonable and safe alternative to surgery in those patients with multiple myeloma involving the cervical spine, and often results in bone reconstitution and stability.

Aged↗