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Biomedical subjects

J Ito

Publications and source records attributed to J Ito.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Sialosyl cholesterol induces morphological and biochemical differentiations of glioblasts without intracellular cyclic AMP level rise.

Synthesized sialosyl cholesterols, alpha- and beta-D-N-acetylneuraminyl cholesterols (alpha-SC and beta-SC), induced the morphological conversion of normal rat glioblasts from a flat epithelioid morphology to an astrocytic process-bearing (stellate) morphology resembling the conversion by glia maturation factor (GMF). The stellogenic effects were rapid and detectable within 1 h after drug stimulation, and irrelevant to the intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels. The morphological alteration was ascertained by the fluorescence-visualization of cytoskeletons: alpha-SC elicited the reorganization of GFA protein network to the formation of bundles, the destruction of stress fiber, and the redistribution as plasmalemmal constituents. alpha-SC also evoked biological differentiations represented by an elevation of glial marker proteins, S-100 protein and GFA protein. The results provide a possibility that SC incorporated into plasma membrane may cause morphologically and biochemically astrocyte-like differentiations of glioblast through the alteration of membrane characteristics, the cytoskeletal anchorages to the membrane, the affinity of receptors, and/or the postreceptor responses distinct from cAMP-production system.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Fat in the dural sinus--CT and anatomical correlations.

Two cases of fat in midline dural sinuses, detected by high-resolution CT, were studied anatomically. The fat nodules were not located in the sinus lumen, but in the sinus wall. They were composed of normal adipose tissue without fibrous encapsulation. Our findings have proved that the fat deposit as demonstrated by CT within these dural sinuses represents normal adipose tissue in the sinus wall and does not necessarily mean the presence of a fatty tumor.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1988

The influence of middle ear pressure on the otolith system in cats.

The influence of varying middle ear pressure on the otolith system was investigated in anesthetized cats. Extra-axonal recordings of action potentials were performed in the vestibular nerve fibers and in the neurons in the lateral vestibular nucleus that responded to lateral or anteroposterior steady-state tilt. Positive or negative pressure was applied to the ipsilateral middle ear during the recordings. Seventy-three percent of the fibers and 63% of the neurons responded to changes in the middle ear pressure. These response rates were higher than those previously reported on the units innervating semicircular canals. Findings suggest that the otolith organs are more sensitive to changes in the middle ear pressure than are the semicircular canals. The units responding to lateral tilt were more sensitive to middle ear pressure than those that responded to anteroposterior tilt. Displacement of endolymph caused by pressure changes in the middle ear was considered to have affected the activities of hair cells in otolith organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Biological activities of deoxyspergualin in autoimmune disease mice.

An assessment of the prophylactic and ameliorative effects of deoxyspergualin (NKT-01), an immunosuppressive agent, was carried out in male MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr (MRL/1) mice which spontaneously develop lupus-like lesions. When NKT-01 was administered ip daily from the age of either 8 or 19 weeks, diseases such as massive lymphadenopathy, circulating anti-DNA antibody and lupus nephritis were markedly suppressed. The primary response to lipopolysaccharide was significantly reduced in MRL/1 mice administered NKT-01 but the response to sheep red blood cells was not affected. The ability of spleen cells to release interleukins 2 and 3 with or without mitogen was significantly enhanced in mice receiving NKT-01. These findings demonstrate that NKT-01 has therapeutic activity against the development of spontaneous disease in MRL/1 mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[A new animal model for intravesical chemotherapy of bladder cancer].

A new animal model for intravesical chemotherapy of bladder cancer was prepared by transplanting BC-47 cells into the bladder wall of syngenic ACI/N rat and later transurethral cauterization of the urothelium covering the developed solid tumor, and compared with two common models. One of the models was prepared by similarly transplanting the tumor cells without further treatment and another by transurethral instillation of the tumor cells into cauterized bladder. Tumor transplantation and denudation were both 100% successful in the new model and was superior to those in two common models. The new model was more sensitive to peplomycin than the common model prepared by transplanting the tumor cells into bladder wall without cauterization of the urothelium, while the sensitivity to adriamycin were practically the same as that of the common model. This difference may be due to presence of the urothelium, which seemed to inhibit a contact of intravesically administered peplomycin with tumor. It could be considered that the new model with denuded tumor has a high predictivity on the clinical effect for drug candidates.

Administration, Intravesical↗