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Biomedical subjects

J I Harty

Publications and source records attributed to J I Harty.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

In vitro chemosensitivity of J-82 human bladder cancer cells.

While chemotherapy offers a valuable adjunct to surgery in the management of intravesical bladder cancer, an accurate in vitro predictive test for chemosensitivity has yet to be developed. Drug sensitivity of the human bladder cancer cell line J-82 was assessed using monolayer, stem cell and [3H]thymidine incorporation assays. The 72-h monolayer assay provided a rapid reflection of in vitro drug sensitivity and when combined with the labeling index the results generally paralleled those obtained with the soft agar stem cell assay without the associated large commitment of time and labor. It is suggested that 72-h monolayer assay alone or in combination with [3H]thymidine labeling index may offer valuable insight into the chemotherapeutic response of bladder tumors.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1986

Verapamil enhanced in vitro chemosensitivity of a murine bladder carcinoma, FCB.

The in vitro enhancement of chemotherapeutic efficacy by verapamil, a calcium antagonist, was assessed using FCB, a transplantable murine transitional cell carcinoma. Exponentially growing FCB cells were partially resistant to treatment with both thiotepa (10(-4) M) and Adriamycin (10(-5) M), however, there was a significant reduction in cell growth when either agent was administered in combination with verapamil (10(-5) M); the effect was evident over a wide range of drug concentrations (10(-4) - 10(-9) M). There was also a pronounced inhibition of DNA precursor incorporation when verapamil was used in combination with either agent. Fluorometric analysis of Adriamycin uptake indicated that verapamil caused an increase in the intracellular concentration of the agent. The data presented are consistent with the postulate that verapamil enhances chemotherapeutic efficacy by altering cellular permeability to the cytotoxic agents. Our study indicates that the use of verapamil in combination with cytotoxic agents for intravesical chemotherapy of bladder tumors may prove to be beneficial in human patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Ultrastructural evaluation of murine bladder epithelium exposed to verapamil.

The effect of single or multiple instillations of high verapamil concentrations on the cytoarchitecture of the bladder epithelium was assessed by electron microscopy. Ruthenium red was used to evaluate the surface mucopolysaccharide coats and the integrity of junctional complexes between luminal cells. No significant cytoplasmic change in the luminal or nonluminal cells was found in any experimental animals, nor was there a breakdown of the junctional complexes between luminal cells. These data suggest that verapamil may be safely used intravesically as adjunct to standard chemotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Systemic influence of intravesical chemotherapy with verapamil.

The influence of the calcium blocker verapamil (VR) on systemic toxicity resulting from the intravesical instillation of Adriamycin (ADM) and thiotepa (THT) was assessed in mice. Eighty per cent of the animals receiving THT + VR developed a generalized alopecia. Data gathered at necroscopy failed to reveal any trauma to the major organs or the presence of a drug-induced myelosuppression. Combination of ADM and VR did not produce an enhancement of systemic toxicity, manifest as myelosuppression. The drug combination did not produce a cardiomyopathy as assessed by histologic examination. The use of VR in combination with antineoplastic agents posed no more of a threat to the animals than did the use of cytotoxin alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Verapamil enhancement of chemotherapeutic efficacy in human bladder cancer cells.

The calcium influx blocker verapamil has been used to overcome drug resistance in several tumor systems. The possible in vitro enhancement of drug efficacy was assessed in bladder cancer cell line T24. Combination of thiotepa and doxorubicin hydrochloride with verapamil significantly reduced the survival and growth of T24 cells after as little as 1 hour of drug exposure. An increase in doxorubicin hydrochloride-induced inhibition of [3H]thymidine uptake resulted when verapamil was administered. However, this trend was not demonstrated when combined with thiotepa. It appears that verapamil enhances thiotepa-induced cytotoxicity while it potentiates the antimitotic nature of doxorubicin hydrochloride. The data presented is consistent with the postulate that verapamil alters active efflux of drug from malignant cells and suggests that verapamil has a role in the clinical management of bladder cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of recurrence rates of calculi of the bladder in patients with indwelling catheters following vesicolithotomy, litholapaxy and electrohydraulic lithotripsy.

This retrospective review is the first to compare recurrence rates of calculi of the bladder following each of the three common methods. In 39 patients with bladder calculi and indwelling catheters, the recurrence rate of calculi of the bladder within two years was significantly greater following litholapaxy (44.1 per cent) or EHL (50.0 per cent) than vesicolithotomy (7.4 per cent). The average stone-free interval was shorter after litholapaxy (18.4 months) or EHL (13.8 months) than vesicolithotomy (70.8 months).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The use of ketoconazole to treat systemic blastomycosis presenting as acute epididymitis.

We report on a patient with systemic blastomycosis who presented with acute epididymitis that was followed by the appearance of typical skin and pulmonary lesions. An excellent clinical response was obtained with ketoconazole, a new oral antifungal agent. Only 2 cases of systemic blastomycosis that were treated with ketoconazole have been reported and neither patient had genitourinary involvement. The diagnosis and treatment of systemic blastomycosis with genitourinary involvement, and ketoconazole as the treatment of fungal infections are discussed.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1983

The management of testicular torsion in the acute pediatric scrotum.

From July 1976 through June 1981, 51 children with acute scrotal pain and swelling underwent surgical exploration. Testicular torsion (27 cases) and torsion of an appendage (18 cases) were the most common diagnoses. In the group with testicular torsion 5 testes were considered unsalvageable and these were removed. The remaining 22 testes, including those of questionable viability, were left in place. The early salvage rate of 81 per cent decreased to 50 per cent due to testicular atrophy found in the late followup period. The attempt to salvage all testes except those with obvious necrosis resulted in minimal morbidity. This approach is discussed in view of recent reports of long-term damage to the contralateral testis when an ischemic testis is not removed initially.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Abnormal urinalysis in appendicitis.

In a retrospective review of 100 consecutive patients (50 adults and 50 children) with acute appendicitis we correlated abnormal urinalysis (positive occult blood and more than 4 red or white blood cells per high power field) with the operative findings. Abnormal results on urinalysis were noted in 18 adults and 12 children. All urine specimens were collected by the clean-catch method. Abnormal findings were found more frequently in female patients. A majority of patients (53 per cent) with abnormal results on urinalysis had a ruptured or inflamed appendix in proximity to the urinary tract.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Transitional cell carcinoma of the anterior urethra.

We report a case of transitional cell carcinoma of the anterior male urethra. Unlike squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior urethra, which usually requires partial penectomy, transitional cell carcinoma of this location can be managed with conservative local resection and preservation of the penis. Possible explanations for the origin of this lesion are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Living donor nephrectomy: factors influencing morbidity.

Recent interest in transperitoneal live donor nephrectomy prompted us to review our experience with 104 live donor nephrectomies performed through a standard flank extraperitoneal approach. There were no deaths and 14.4 per cent of the patients had minor complications that were managed easily. Factors influencing morbidity in the voluntary donor are analyzed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Bilateral or unilateral ureteroneocystostomy for unilateral reflux.

Thirty-five cases of unilateral reflux treated by ipsilateral ureteroneocystostomy have been reviewed to determine the incidence of subsequent contralateral reflux. The low incidence (11 per cent) suggests that bilateral reimplant should not be performed routinely in patients undergoing surgery for unilateral reflux. Analysis of this group of patients failed to show any preoperative findings which would help to predict those in whom contralateral reflux is most likely to develop. Our study and the review of the literature suggest that those who demonstrate reflux in the contralateral ureter at any time prior to surgery are more likely to reflux subsequently; therefore, in this group of patients bilateral reimplantation is indicated.

Child↗