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Biomedical subjects

J Hunt

Publications and source records attributed to J Hunt.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Developmental changes in analogies used to describe parts of the body: implications for communicating with sick children.

Subjects at four age-levels (7 years, 11 years, 14 years, adults) were asked to complete sentences of the type 'my heart is like . . .'. Seven examples were given (heart, lungs, brain, body, germs, blood and stomach). There was a decline with age in the number of subjects using shape and colour as the basis for these analogies, and an increase with age in subjects using analogies that describe functions. The data are discussed in terms of their implications for explaining illness to sick children. It is argued that explanations involving functional analogies may be less readily understood than previously supposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of aerobic culturette, synovial membrane biopsy, and blood culture medium in detection of canine bacterial arthritis.

Canine joints were cultured 24 hours after inoculation with Staphylococcus intermedius using synovial membrane biopsy, synovial fluid on aerobic culturette and in blood culture medium, and synovial fluid incubated 24 hours in blood culture medium before being cultured. A mildly virulent strain consistently yielded positive cultures when incubated in blood culture medium 24 hours and negative cultures with the other techniques. A highly virulent strain also yielded positive cultures when incubated in blood culture medium 24 hours, which was significantly better than synovial membrane biopsy. When both strains were considered together there was no significant difference between the first three techniques; blood culture medium incubated 24 hours was significantly more reliable. These results suggest that the trauma of synovial membrane biopsy is not justified because synovial fluid culture is more reliable. Synovial fluid should be placed on an aerobic culturette and in blood culture medium, and the samples cultured immediately upon arrival at the laboratory to allow the most rapid results of culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing. The blood culture medium should be recultured after 24 hours of incubation to permit culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing of those samples (approximately 50%) that have no growth on initial culture.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quality of the patient's life versus the quest for a cure.

An holistic approach should be taken to cure with due consideration given to the quality of life. Little research has been undertaken into the long-term psychosocial adjustment of adults to cancer and its treatment, far less that of children. Patients may be able to overcome altered body image and maintain an improved quality of life when a cure is thought to be achievable. Others may perceive the quality of their life to be of greater importance than the quantity. Children readily recognize how to establish their best possible quality of life, whether or not they are able to recognize their diminished quantity of life and lack of curability.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nurses' reports on hospital care in five countries.

The current nursing shortage, high hospital nurse job dissatisfaction, and reports of uneven quality of hospital care are not uniquely American phenomena. This paper presents reports from 43,000 nurses from more than 700 hospitals in the United States, Canada, England, Scotland, and Germany in 1998-1999. Nurses in countries with distinctly different health care systems report similar shortcomings in their work environments and the quality of hospital care. While the competence of and relation between nurses and physicians appear satisfactory, core problems in work design and workforce management threaten the provision of care. Resolving these issues, which are amenable to managerial intervention, is essential to preserving patient safety and care of consistently high quality.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Nursing Research Initiative for Scotland.

The Nursing Research Initiative for Scotland (NRIS) was established at the end of 1994, one of seven research units core funded by the Chief Scientist Office (CSO) of the Scottish Office. It is a national unit, so although its central base is in Glasgow, it works with nurses, other direct care staff and academics throughout Scotland.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Top of the class.

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Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reduction of bioavailability of aluminium in neonatal parenteral nutrition solutions by prior complexation in the dosage form.

Aluminium (Al ) is abundant in our environment and is a contaminant of electrolyte solutions used in the manufacture of Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) solutions administered to neonates, who are unable to tolerate oral feeding. Previous studies by McHalsky et al. (1) have shown concern over the levels of aluminium in parenteral products, and there are special considerations needed with regard to neonatal TPN solutions, (2). It is felt that neurotoxicology and abnormalities of bone histology may be seen with aluminium deposition in the tissues. In the present study it was shown that the average aluminium contamination in TPN solutions was in the order of 205 micrograms/L. It is well documented that aluminium is chelated successfully in dialysis solutions by desferrioxamine (DFO), Allain et al. (3). Using an AA spectrophotometer equipped with a graphite furnace, the average amount of aluminium in compounded neonatal TPN solutions was determined. Equimolar amounts of DFO to aluminium were added to various neonatal TPN formulations, and the physical stability of each solution was determined using microscopic and electronic particle counting analysis. This study suggests that aluminium can be irreversibly chelated with DFO and stable TPN solutions can be prepared.

Aluminum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid synthesis from exogenous arachidonate by bronchial mucosa.

Arachidonate metabolism in bronchial mucosa was investigated. Bronchial biopsies from four asthmatics and three non-asthmatic controls were challenged with 300, 465, 650 and 960 mOsm/kg saline in the presence of [3H]arachidonate. Supernatants were analysed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The major arachidonate metabolite was identified as 15-monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), with significantly higher production in biopsies from asthmatics than controls. Statistical analysis of the full model explained 81% of the variation (F = 14.8; df = 6, 21; P less than 0.001). Hyperosmolarity and the presence of sarcoid had no significant effect on 15-HETE synthesis, reducing R2 by only 6%.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosing efficiency.

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Diagnosis-Related Groups↗
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Assuring quality.

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Humans↗