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Biomedical subjects

J Huber

Publications and source records attributed to J Huber.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

The study of the relationship between lifestyle characteristic self-reported drinking patterns and trauma.

A total of 161 usable interviews were obtained with 297 consecutive admissions to a Level I trauma center for purposes of evaluating patient socioeconomic patterns related to trauma. The median age of the purposeful sample was 31. There were 67.1% males, 29.2% females, and 3.7% unidentified; 43.5% were MVAs, 8.1% motorcycles, 2.5% pedestrians, 10.6% falls, and 3.7% penetrating trauma. Of those patients found ETOH positive, 40.8% admitted to drinking and driving regularly, 12.5% admitted to being previously arrested for DUI, 45% admitted that alcohol caused their current trauma, 28.6% had been previously arrested for traffic violation. Three-fourths did not routinely wear seat belts. The average education level of trauma victims was 12.2 years; 94% are blue collar workers. In summary the average trauma victim was a young adult male who had completed high school, somewhat below average earnings, and had a strong history of regular alcohol use as part of his lifestyle.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1994

Bartsocas-Papas syndrome with internal anomalies: evidence for a more generalized epithelial defect or new syndrome?

We report on two Dutch sibs with external anomalies compatible with Bartsocas-Papas syndrome, who also had internal anomalies: bilateral renal agenesis in one, and esophageal atresia, hypoplastic diaphragma, unilateral renal agenesis, agenesis of the shaft of the penis, and anal atresia in the other patient. Several possible patterns for the pathogenesis of this combination of anomalies are discussed. We propose a generalized epithelial defect, affecting both epidermis and other lining epithelia, as the most probable cause in the present patients.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1994

Dual projections of the ventromedial lamina VI and the medial lamina VII neurones in the second sacral spinal cord segment to the thalamus and the cerebellum in the cat.

Neurons of origin of the crossed spinocerebellar and/or spinothalamic tracts giving off axon collaterals at supraspinal levels were antidromically identified and labeled with horseradish peroxidase in lower sacral spinal cord segments of cats. Their cell bodies were located mainly in the medial part of lamina VII and rarely in the ventromedial aspect of lamina VI. In the S2 segment 77 neurons with axons in the opposite dorsolateral funiculus were recorded; 36 of them were invaded from only the thoracic level, 21 from both the thoracic level and the restiform body, 3 from both the thoracic level and the thalamus, and 17 from both the thoracic level, the restiform body and the thalamus on the contralateral side. These termination areas suggest that the S2 neurons under study transmit peripheral signals of proprioceptive, exteroceptive and nociceptive sensations.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Tuboscopy--new developments for accurate tubal diagnosis].

A specially developed linear everting catheter (LEC) in combination with a microendoscope, enables for the first time the visualisation of the complete tubal mucosa from a vaginal approach. Preliminary results in using this technique are described. Physiological and pathological results of tubal mucosa can be presented, which will influence the diagnostic and therapeutic part of subsequent sterility treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Tuboscopy--an endoscopic approach to the intratubal lumen].

A linear everting catheter in combination with a 0.5-mm microendoscope enables the visualization of the tubal lumen. In 35 sterility patients, diagnostic tuboscopies were performed. Physiological and pathological results of tubal mucosa are described. Tuboscopy is a main tool in the diagnosis of the tubal factor. First steps are taken to use tuboscopy not only for diagnostic but also for therapeutic reasons. Yet, the role of this technique in cases of tubal pregnancies cannot be evaluated.

Endoscopes↗
PubMed1994

Destructive synovitis in contralateral Perthes' disease. A report of 2 cases.

2 boys had unilateral Perthes' disease at the age of 5 years. After 6 and 7 years, respectively, both patients developed contralateral femoral head necrosis with rapid destruction leading to ankylosis of the hip. Histology of the synovium showed nonspecific synovitis. Both patients fulfilled criteria for oligo-articular juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA). The association with Perthes' disease suggests a common etiology.

Ankylosis↗
PubMed1994

Antidromic field potentials recorded from cell groups of S2 spinal cord segment with axons in the opposite Th13 dorsolateral funiculus in the cat.

Location of cell groups within gray matter of S2 spinal cord segment, whose axons are running in the opposite Th13 dorsolateral funiculus, were studied by means of antidromic field potentials recorded in chloralose anaesthetized cats. The cell bodies are forming six separate groups occupying medial laminae II and III, medial laminae IV and V, medial lamina VII, medial lamina VIII, lateral laminae V and VI and lateral laminae VIII and IX. Properties of main components in antidromic field potentials recorded in each of areas have been described. The presumable termination sites of axons of investigated cellular groups are considered.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1993

Characterisation of high-affinity and low-affinity receptors for ciliary neurotrophic factor.

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) supports the survival of a wide variety of neuronal cells in culture. To characterise the receptor(s) mediating the biological responses of CNTF we measured the binding of radiolabelled CNTF to chick sympathetic neurons and human neuroblastoma cells. Two distinct CNTF-binding sites with high and low affinity for the ligand were identified by steady-state binding experiments. Furthermore, two low-affinity binding sites could be discriminated on the basis of the dissociation rates. Cross-linking experiments showed that CNTF interacts with two proteins, one of 80 kDa and one of 140 kDa. The identity of the 80-kDa protein was determined by transient transfection experiments with the rat CNTF-binding protein CNTFR alpha while the properties of the 140-kDa protein correspond to those of gp130. Antisense experiments confirmed that CNTFR alpha is necessary for high affinity binding of 125I-CNTF and therefore a necessary subunit of the high-affinity receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

GPA and CNTF produce similar effects in sympathetic neurones but differ in receptor binding.

The effects of growth promoting activity (GPA) on sympathetic neurone development were investigated in vitro and compared with the effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). GPA interfered with sympathetic neurone proliferation and induced the expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in neurones from 7-day-old (E7) chick embryos. The biological effects observed with saturating levels of GPA are indistinguishable from the effects of CNTF. The effects on VIP expression suggest that GPA may be involved in the specification of sympathetic neurone phenotypes. Whereas half maximal effects are achieved at lower concentrations of GPA than CNTF, GPA competes less efficiently than CNTF for the binding of 125I-labelled CNTF. This suggests similar, but not identical interactions of CNTF and GPA with receptors on chick sympathetic neurones.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Expression of the laminin-A chain is down-regulated by a non-canonical polyadenylation signal.

It is well accepted that 3' untranslated regions (UTR) are an essential part of mRNA. However, little is known in detail about the contribution of different regions of 3' UTR on synthesis, stability and translatability of their mRNA. In addition to the highly conserved hexanucleotide AAUAAA, some consensus sequences for 3'-end processing and polyadenylation have been characterized, but most of this work has been done with viral mRNA or beta-globin mRNA. We have studied the influence of the 3' UTR of the mRNA for the three chains A, B1, B2 of laminin on the expression of a reporter gene (galK). Laminin is a large glycoprotein of basement membranes and all three polypeptide chains are needed in equal amounts for a functional molecule. The three 3' UTR of the laminin mRNA differ widely with respect to length, number of polyadenylation signals and other consensus sequences. Nevertheless, all three 3' UTR reduce the expression of the reporter gene at least three-fold, when the corresponding cDNA sequences are inserted downstream of the reporter gene instead of the 3' UTR of simian virus 40 early genes. The 3' UTR of laminin-A mRNA contains the non-canonical polyadenylation signal AUUAAA which seems to be responsible for the limiting amounts of laminin-A mRNA and protein compared to those for laminin B1 and B2 [Speth and Oberbäumer (1993) Exp. Cell Res. 204, 302-310]. Mutation of the laminin-A polyadenylation signal to the canonical form AAUAAA increases expression by a factor of 2.5.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Endovaginal Doppler flow measurements of the ovarian artery in patients with a normal menstrual cycle and with polycystic ovary syndrome during in vitro fertilization.

Women with a normal menstrual cycle (n = 21, controls), polycystic ovary syndrome (n = 10) and hypogonadotropic amenorrhea (n = 3) were stimulated with clomiphen-citrate (4th day to 8th day of the cycle) and with human menopausal gonadotropin (8th day to 11th day). The vascular impedance of the ovary carrying the dominant follicles was monitored by endovaginal pulsed Doppler flow measurement. Simultaneously, serum levels of LH, E2 and 17-OHP were assayed. Contrary to controls, women with polycystic ovary syndrome or hypogonadotropic amenorrhea showed decreased hormone levels and no lowering of the vascular impedance. In controls, the lower pulsatility index is caused by neovascularization around the dominant follicle and by E2-induced vasodilatation in the ovarian artery.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1993

Ovulation inhibition with a combined oral contraceptive containing 1 mg micronized 17 beta-estradiol.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate ovarian function by ultrasonography and endocrine measurements. DESIGN: Prospective, open study. SETTING: Outpatient clinic of the First Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Vienna, Austria. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty healthy women with regular cycles and established ovulation by ultrasonography. INTERVENTION: Treatment with a combination of 1 mg micronized E2 with 150 micrograms desogestrel daily for 21 days, followed by 7 pill-free days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Transvaginal ultrasonography and estimation of E2 and P at least twice a week for two consecutive cycles, followed by one after treatment cycle. RESULTS: Ovulation inhibition was apparent in all cases and no functional ovarian cysts were observed during treatment. On a few occasions a persistent follicle was noted, but in the majority of cases there was total absence of follicular activity. The bleeding pattern showed a tendency toward prolonged and more heavy bleeding when compared with the before treatment situation. Return of ovulation was prompt in all women but one. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonographic observations, accompanied by P and E2 measurements, allow us to conclude that the combination of 1 mg E2 with 150 micrograms desogestrel provides complete ovulation inhibition. However, the bleeding pattern does not show an acceptable profile.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Umbilical blood flow relations in pregnancy complications. Part 2. Pathologic index constellations].

In a study comprising a total of 700 pregnant women, umbilical resistance was examined. Measurements were taken at both sides of the cord. A decline in resistance was registered from the fetal abdominal wall to the placental insertion of the vessels. According to a collective of 500 patients with a normal development and outcome of their pregnancies a physiological constellation of the resistance indices could be confirmed. It was taken as a basis for the definition of pathological cases. Different pathologies were related quite clearly to a special (unphysiological) constellation of the indices.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1993

Highly purified omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids for topical treatment of psoriasis. Results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre study.

We report the results of a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of topical therapy with omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3-PUFA) in 52 patients suffering from moderate plaque-type psoriasis. In each patient, two similar stable psoriatic plaques served as indicator lesions for the study. One indicator lesion was randomly assigned to treatment with topical preparations of highly purified omega-3-PUFA in one of two concentrations (1 or 10%), and the other was treated with placebo. Efficacy assessment was based on changes in local psoriasis severity index, area involved, erythema, desquamation, induration and pruritus. After 8 weeks of treatment, all indicator lesions had improved significantly, compared with baseline. However, no statistically or clinically relevant differences between the omega-3-PUFA-treated and the placebo-treated lesions were found. Therapy was well tolerated and, apart from one patient who developed perilesional eczema, no clinically relevant adverse events occurred. In conclusion, topical omega-3-PUFA were not effective in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind setting. Results of non-blind trials should be (re-)considered with caution.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1993

Analysis of the trk NGF receptor tyrosine kinase using recombinant fusion proteins.

Nerve growth factor (NGF) represents a family of structurally related trophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophin factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), NT-4, and NT-5. These neurotrophin factors interact with two classes of receptors, the trk receptor tyrosine kinase family, and the low affinity p75 neurotrophin receptor. To study potential ligand-receptor interactions, recombinant trk fusion proteins have been constructed, and pan-trk polyclonal antisera directed against the cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain have been generated. The recombinant proteins were assessed for in vitro kinase activity and for the ability of K-252a to inhibit phosphorylation. Antibodies made against the fusion protein recognize all trk family members, and are effective in immunoprecipitation of affinity-crosslinked receptors. Comparative crosslinking indicates that NGF can recognize all trk receptor members, illustrating the large number of potential ligand-receptor interactions between neurotrophins and their receptors.

Animals↗