Cranking Bohr-Mottelson Hamiltonian applied to superdeformed bands in A~190 region.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
J Hu
Publications and source records attributed to J Hu.
Evidence that sigma factors are components of chloroplast RNA polymerase.
Plastid genes are transcribed by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase(s), which have been incompletely characterized and have been examined in a limited number of species. Plastid genomes contain rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1, and rpoC2 coding for alpha, beta, beta', and beta" RNA polymerase subunits that are homologous to the alpha, beta, and beta' subunits that constitute the core moiety of RNA polymerase in bacteria. However, genes with homology to sigma subunits in bacteria have not been found in plastid genomes. An antibody directed against the principal sigma subunit of RNA polymerase from the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 was used to probe western blots of purified chloroplast RNA polymerase from maize, rice, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and Cyanidium caldarium. Chloroplast RNA polymerase from maize and rice contained an immunoreactive 64-kD protein. Chloroplast RNA polymerase from C. reinhardtii contained immunoreactive 100- and 82-kD proteins, and chloroplast RNA polymerase from C. caldarium contained an immunoreactive 32-kD protein. The elution profile of enzyme activity of both algal chloroplast RNA polymerases coeluted from DEAE with the respective immunoreactive proteins, indicating that they are components of the enzyme. These results provide immunological evidence for sigma-like factors in chloroplast RNA polymerase in higher plants and algae.
Animals↗
Suppression of albumin enhancer activity by H-ras and AP-1 in hepatocyte cell lines.
We demonstrated, using a transient transfection assay, that the albumin enhancer increased the expression of the albumin promoter in a highly differentiated, simian virus 40 (SV40)-immortalized hepatocyte cell line, CWSV1, but was not functional in two ras-transformed cell lines (NR3 and NR4) derived from CWSV1 by stable transfection with the T24ras oncogene. A transient cotransfection assay showed that T24ras and normal c-Ha-ras were each able to inhibit the activity of the albumin enhancer in an immortal hepatocyte cell line. DNase I footprinting and gel mobility shift assays demonstrated that the DNA binding activities specific to the albumin enhancer were not decreased in the ras-transformed cells. ras also did not diminish the expression of HNF1 alpha, C/EBP alpha, HNF3 alpha, HNF3 beta, or HNF3 gamma but did significantly increase AP-1 binding activity. Three AP-1 binding sites were identified within the albumin enhancer, and DNA binding activities specific to these AP-1 sites were induced in the ras-transformed hepatocytes. Subsequent functional assays showed that overexpression of c-jun and c-fos inhibited the activity of the albumin enhancer. Site-directed mutagenesis of the AP-1 binding sites in the albumin enhancer partially abrogated the suppressing effect of ras and c-jun/c-fos on the enhancer. These functional studies therefore supported the results of the structural studies with AP-1. We conclude that the activity of the albumin enhancer is subject to regulation by ras signaling pathways and that the effect of ras on the albumin enhancer activity may be mediated by AP-1.
Animals↗
Development and application of an enzyme immunoassay for karasurin A, an effective protein component of Trichosanthes kirilowii Max. var. japonicum Kitam.
A method was developed for specific estimation of the content of a non-enzymatic protein, karasurin A, in fractions taken during the extraction and purification processes from a natural source. Anti-karokon serum was elicited in rabbits immunized with fragments of karokon, a dried root tuber of Trichosanthes kirilowii Max. var. japonicum Kitam. Rabbit antibody specific for karasurin A was identified in anti-karokon serum by the Western blotting method. After separation by SDS-PAGE, protein bands of purified karasurin A and extracted proteins from a medicinal herb which is a karasurin A source were reacted with anti-karokon serum followed by treatment with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled Fab' of goat anti-rabbit IgG, and then bound HRP-labeled second antibody on protein bands was developed to brown by reaction with a substrate solution of the used enzyme. A novel selected antibody enzyme immunoassay (SAEIA) for karasurin A was developed using selective binding of anti-karasurin A antibody in anti-karokon serum to solid phase karasurin A and HRP-labeled Fab' of the second antibody as the tracer. Specific estimation of the content of karasurin A in several fractions taken during the isolation and purification processes of the protein were possible using the SAEIA method.
Animals↗
[Suppressive effects of adenosine on nonspecific and humoral immunities in mice].
Adenosine (Ade) 1.3, 13, 130 mg.kg-1 ip inhibited the ability of peripheral leukocytes and peritoneal macrophages in phagocytosing the Staphylococcus albus with [3H]TdR incorporation in mice, declined the hemolytic ability of plaque-forming cells and the production of antibody in mice immunized by sheep erythrocytes. Ade 13, 130 mg.kg-1 ip decreased the mouse serum muramidase (lysozyme) concentration. Dipyridamole (Dip) 10 mg.kg-1 ip attenuated the effects of Ade 130 mg.kg-1 on humoral immunity reaction, but the nonspecific immunity was not attenuated. These results showed that the uptake of Ade may play an important role in the effects of Ade on humoral immunity reaction. Aminophylline (Ami) 100 mg.kg-1 ip attenuated the effects of Ade 130 mg.kg-1 on hemolytic ability of plaque-forming cells and the ability of peripheral leukocytes in phagocytosing Staphylococcus albus. These results suggested that the effects of Ade on murine humoral and nonspecific immunity reaction were mediated by Ade A2 receptor (A2DR).
Adenosine↗
[Effect of some drugs on electroacupuncture analgesia and cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration of mice brain].
In this paper, the effects of some analgesic drugs such as corydalis yanhusuo, Angelica dahurica and Analginum on electroacupuncture analgesic function were studied. In the meantime, the concentrations of cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in mice hypothalamus (HT) and periaqueductual grey (PAG) were determined by use of the fluorescence dye Fura-2/AM and AR-CM cation measurement system. The results showed that Corydalis yanhusuo obviously strengthened the analgesic function produced by electroacupuncture. Besides, the [Ca2+]i in the two brain regions of mice in these analgesic experiments with electroacupuncture and Corydalis yanhusuo were all decreased (compared with saline control group, P < 0.01), In the same experimental condition, the [Ca2+]i in Angelica dahurica group and Analginum group has no significant difference compared with the control group, the analgesic mechanisms may be different from that of electroacupuncture and Corydalis yanhusuo.
Acupuncture Analgesia↗
[Biomechanical study on bone healing in experimental limb lengthening].
In this experiment, 32 goats were performed osteotomy limb lengthening by tibial upper metaphyseal. The strength, stiffness and energy absorption of the lengthened bone had been measured in different period after the lengthening ceased. The results demonstrated that during the lengthened bone healing process, the recovery of bone mechanical properties is compatible with its histological changes; and the healing process of lengthened bone can be roughly divided into three biomechanical stages: (1) Low strength and low stiffness stage; (2) Low strength and high stiffness stage; (3) High strength and high stiffness stage.
Animals↗
[Soft tissue changes after advancement genioplasty in Chinese adults].
Twenty-five Chinese patients who had undergone advancement genioplasty were evaluated for soft tissue changes of chin. The effects of bony genioplastic advancement on soft tissues of profile were studied by means of computerized cephalometric analysis. The change ratios between soft tissue and hard tissue, as well as regression equations were calculated. The result of this study led to the following conclusions: The soft tissue chin point and labiomental sulcus moved by 85% and 41% of horizontal advancement of the mandibular symphsis.
Adolescent↗
Abdominal distension--discussion.
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Acupuncture Therapy↗
The relation between latissimus dorsi skeletal muscle structure and contractile function after cardiomyoplasty.
Past reports suggest that structural changes within the latissimus dorsi muscle occur with chronic electrical stimulation during cardiomyoplasty. However, the specific changes in the structure of the latissimus dorsi muscle and the relation to muscle contractile function with cardiomyoplasty are unknown. Accordingly, this study examined regional changes in latissimus dorsi muscle structure and function after cardiomyoplasty. The left latissimus dorsi muscle was mobilized and wrapped around the heart in pigs with the use of standardized techniques and the latissimus dorsi muscle chronically paced at ambient heart rates (90 beats/min; 20 Hz, 5 V amplitude, n = 6). After 6 weeks, the paced latissimus dorsi muscle and the contralateral control muscle were removed and divided into proximal (0 to 3 cm), middle (3 to 6 cm), and distal (6 to 12 cm) regions. By computer-assisted morphometry, muscle cell myofibril volume, cross-sectional area, and collagen percent area were determined. In the paced latissimus dorsi muscle, myofibril volumes increased by more than 50% in the proximal and middle regions compared with those in the contralateral control muscle. However, myofibril volumes were significantly lower in the distal region of the paced latissimus dorsi muscle compared with those in control muscles (33% +/- 5% versus 20% +/- 3%, p < 0.05). In the paced latissimus dorsi muscle, cross-sectional area was significantly reduced from that of control muscles in all regions. A further reduction in cross-sectional area was noted in the distal region of the paced latissimus dorsi muscle compared with that in both the contralateral control muscle and the proximal and middle regions of the paced latissimus dorsi muscle. Collagen content significantly increased in the paced latissimus dorsi muscle compared with that in control muscle with a more fibrotic pattern observed in the distal region. Latissimus dorsi muscle strips (less than 2 mm2 cross-sectional area) were harvested, and peak and velocity of tension development were examined after field electrical stimulation at 0.2 to 1.2 Hz. At 0.2 Hz, the velocity of tension development was unchanged in the paced latissimus dorsi muscle compared with that in control muscle. However, peak tension development degraded by only 28% in the paced latissimus dorsi muscles but fell by 51% in control muscles with increased stimulation frequencies. In summary, the contractile function of the chronically stimulated latissimus dorsi muscle was associated with fatigue resistance and increased contractile protein content. However, more distal regions of the paced latissimus dorsi muscle demonstrated atrophy and fibrosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Animals↗
An arginine residue conserved in most G protein-coupled receptors is essential for the function of the m1 muscarinic receptor.
An exceptionally conserved sequence that is shared among most G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptors is an aspartate-arginine-tyrosine triplet that is located at the amino terminus of the putative second cytoplasmic domain, where the arginine residue is invariant. Using the m1 subtype of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors as an example, we induced a point mutation of the arginine residue at position 123 into asparagine. This mutation resulted in a precipitous decrease in the coupling of m1 receptors to activation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis, in spite of the expression of the wild-type and mutant receptors at similar concentrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells. There were no significant effects on antagonist or partial agonist binding. In marked contrast, whereas binding of the full agonist carbachol to wild-type receptors exhibited high and low affinity components, this agonist bound to a single low affinity state in asparagine-123 mutant cells. Furthermore, agonist-induced enhancement of the specific binding of guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S] thio)triphosphate was not observed in membranes of cells expressing the mutant receptor. A similar mutation in the m2 muscarinic receptor resulted in a significant but smaller decrease in its coupling to inhibition of cAMP formation. On the other hand, a point mutation of tyrosine-124 in the m1 receptor sequence produced less marked changes in agonist-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis and no effects on agonist or antagonist binding to the receptor. Taken together, our data demonstrate for the first time that this highly conserved arginine residue plays an important role in coupling of muscarinic receptors to signal transduction mechanisms.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Equation of state and phase diagram of solid 4He from single-crystal x-ray diffraction over a large P-T domain.
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Journal Article↗
Two-dimensional vortex lattice melting.
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Journal Article↗
An evaluation of the potential to use tumor-associated antigens as targets for antitumor T cell therapy using transgenic mice expressing a retroviral tumor antigen in normal lymphoid tissues.
A major obstacle to the development of T cell therapy for the treatment of human tumors has been the difficulty generating T cells specifically reactive with the tumor. Most of the characterized human tumor antigens have been classified as tumor associated, because of demonstrable expression at low levels in some normal cells, and thus have not been extensively studied as potential targets of a therapeutic immune response. However, the quantitative difference in expression of such antigens between the tumor and normal cells might permit the generation of antigen-specific T cells capable of selective antitumor and not autoimmune activity. To address this issue, transgenic (TG) mice were generated that expressed low levels of Friend murine leukemia virus (FMuLV) envelope protein in lymphoid cells under the control of an immunoglobulin promoter. This protein is expressed at high levels by a Friend virus-induced erythroleukemia of C57BL/6 (B6) origin, FBL, and has been shown to serve as an efficient tumor-specific rejection antigen in B6 mice. The env-TG mice were tolerant to envelope, as reflected by the failure to detect an envelope-specific response after in vivo priming and in vitro stimulation with preparations of FMuLV envelope. However, adoptively transferred envelope-specific T cells from immunized non-TG B6 mice mediated complete eradication of FBL tumor cells in TG mice, and did not induce detectable autoimmune damage to TG lymphoid tissues. The transferred immune cells were not permanently inactivated in the TG mice, since donor T cells responded to envelope after removal from the TG mice. The lack of autoimmune injury did not reflect inadequate expression of envelope by TG lymphocytes for recognition by T cells, since TG lymphocytes functioned effectively in vitro as stimulators for envelope-specific T cells. The results suggest that this and analogous strains of TG mice may prove useful for elucidating principles for the generation and therapeutic use of tumor-reactive T cells specific for tumor-associated antigens.
Animals↗
Replantation of a multiple digit and circular palm amputation: a case report.
A case of successful replantation of multiple digits and circular palm amputation caused by an industrial punch force is reported. The two-level amputation was reconstructed by first replanting the severed fingers to the palmar segment and then connecting the palm segment to the hand stump. An arterial crisis was treated with urokinase, and postoperative functional recovery is described.
Adult↗
Glycosphingolipids of rabbit, sheep, and pig thymus.
The thymus plays a major role in the immune system and many of the processes that occur in this tissue depend on cell-cell interactions. Glycoconjugates are known to mediate cell-cell interactions and thus to understand more fully the function of this class of compounds in thymus, structural characterization and quantification of the glycosphingolipids in thymus from sheep, rabbit, and pig were performed. Qualitative and quantitative differences were found for each species. Thymus from all three species contained neolacto (Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc) glycosphingolipids; however, significant differences in the types and quantities expressed by each animal were found. An evaluation of other classes of glycosphingolipids and their quantities demonstrate that pig thymus has a much different pattern of glycosphingolipid expression than sheep and rabbit thymus. The major glycosphingolipids in pig thymus are globo-series neutral glycosphingolipids (Gb3 and Gb4) and lactosyl-series gangliosides (GM3 and GD3). In contrast, sheep and rabbit thymus express significant levels of lacto and neolacto neutral glycosphingolipids, and also lacto and neolacto gangliosides, including three previously unidentified compounds. The major difference in glycosphingolipid expression in these two species was the presence of branched-chain gangliosides in sheep thymus.
Animals↗
High-resolution linkage map in the vicinity of the host resistance locus Bcg.
The mouse chromosome 1 locus Bcg determines natural resistance/susceptibility of inbred mouse strains to infection with antigenically unrelated intracellular parasites, including several Mycobacterium species, Salmonella typhimurium, and Leishmania donovani. In our effort to clone Bcg, we have constructed a high-resolution genetic linkage map in the vicinity of the gene. We have developed eight new highly polymorphic markers (simple sequence repeats) corresponding to cloned genes (Vil, Inha, Des), microdissected chromosome 1 anonymous probes (lambda Mm1C136, lambda Mm1C163, lambda Mm1C165), or novel DNA markers from the region obtained by chromosome walking (D1Mcg101 and D1Mcg105). We have followed the cosegregation of these markers with respect to Bcg in a novel panel of 1000 (C57L/J x C57BL/6J) x C57BL/6J segregating backcross mice. Additional segregation analyses were carried out in preexisting panels of intra- and interspecific backcross mice and recombinant inbred strains. Three of these markers were found to be very tightly linked to Bcg: lambda Mm1C165 did not show recombination with Bcg in 1424 meioses analyzed, while D1Mcg105 and lambda Mm1C136 were located 0.1 cM proximal and 0.2 cM distal to Bcg, respectively. This analysis enabled us to define further the proximal and distal boundaries of the Bcg interval: the proximal limit was defined by a single crossover occurring between D1Mcg105 and Bcg/lambda Mm1C165/Vil, and the distal limit by 1 cross-over between Bcg/lambda Mm1C165/Vil and lambda Mm1C136 in 1683 and 575 informative meioses, respectively, for a maximal interval of 0.3 cM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗