Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Hoyer

Publications and source records attributed to J Hoyer.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Nocardial infection in a renal transplant recipient--a case report.

Report is given about a 50 year old renal transplant recipient who developed signs of a severe pneumonia 37 days post transplantation. The diagnosis following chest X-ray and physical examination was multifocal nodular pneumonia of unknown origin in an immunosuppressed patient. Although a varying antibiotic chemotherapy was administered at high doses he died 4 weeks later without identification of the infective agent. Post-mortem and microbiological examinations revealed a systemic suppurative infection caused by Nocardia asteroides. Percutaneous or open lung biopsy within the first 10 days after onset of clinical symptoms has to be recommended to secure the diagnosis and treatment with sulphonamides.

Abscess↗
PubMed1984

A safe technique for renal transplantation in patients with severely infected bladders.

A new surgical technique has been devised for the prevention of wound infection in cadaveric renal transplant recipients with severely infected bladders; the ascending colon is mobilized through a transperitoneal approach. The peritoneum covering the iliac vessels are retracted after blunt dissection, thereby forming a pouch. After completion of the vascular anastomoses, the ureter is brought into the peritoneal cavity through a small hole made in the peritoneum. The ascending colon is refixed to the abdominal wall so that the graft is separated from the bladder. No local or systemic infection occurred in two patients with purulent infection of the bladder who were operated upon with this technique.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Functional evaluation of the transplanted lung after long-term preservation.

In dogs the immediate value of transplanted lungs was tested after preservation in Collins 3 solution and administration of aprotinin. 15 animals received a left or right homograft, which had been preserved for 24 h. In 3 cases preservation time was prolonged to 48 h, and in another 2 dogs both of the lungs were replaced by 24-hour preserved organs in a one-stage operation. The value of the transplants was tested by several physiological, morphological and clinical phenomena. (1) A positive O2 uptake of the transplant after a temporary occlusion of the opposite pulmonary artery documented its capacity for gaseous exchange. (2) Scintigraphic visualization of perfusion and ventilation in 3 dogs demonstrated satisfactory results. (3) A positive response to acetylcholine of the bronchial muscular system was observed in all transplants. (4) Normal light microscopy showed a lack of obvious morphological change. (5) Only slight alterations in electron microscopy were found when compared to those found before preservation. (6) The absence of acute bronchial edema excludes the possibility of irreversible altertions of the alveolocapillary wall. The results demonstrate that preservation of the lung is possible up to a period of 48 h.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1978

[Transplantation pneumonology].

The importance of the lung in graft surgery is essentially characterized by three points: infection in immunosuppression, transplantation lung and the transplant. The therapeutic reduction of endogenous defense increases the risk of infection considerably. Every hint of pulmonary infection in the patient with a transplant demands a thorough diagnostic investigation, even operative measures not being excluded in the course of clarification. The phenomenon of "transplantation lung" is probably caused by circulating antigen-antibody complexes. In lung transplantation, difficulties begin in obtaining a satisfactory organ, most donors with cerebral death cannot be considered. Immune-induced changes of the hemostasis system lead to microemboli and extravasation into the alveolar space. The risk of infection is greatest here, because the transplant is in constant communication with the outside world.

Graft Rejection↗
PubMed1977

The local anesthetic potency of norcocaine, a metabolite of cocaine.

The local anesthetic effects of cocaine and one of its main metabolites norcocaine, were investigated comparatively on isolated ganglion cells of the marine gastropod, Aplysia californica. During a 4-hour-period, different action potential parameters such as amplitude, duration, maximum rate of rise were observed, which demonstrated that norcocaine exhibits a higher local anesthetic potency than cocaine.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1976

Antipsychotic drugs and dopamine-mediated responses in Aplysia neurons.

The effect of antipsychotic drugs was tested on responses to micro-electrophoretically applied dopamine, acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in identified neurons of the marine gastropod Aplysia californica. Fluphenazine was able to depress the response to DA in concentration of 10 muM, with 100 muM DA-responses of many neurons were blocked completely. Thioridazine (10 and 100 muM) and haloperidol (50 muM) were also effective in depressing DA-responses, while the non-antipsychotic phenothiazines mepazine (10 and 100 muM) and promethazine (100 muM) had only a slight action on DA-receptors. ACh- and 5-HT-responses were slightly affected only by high concentrations after long lasting perfusion. The investigated drugs had no persistent or only an insignificant effect on resting membrane potential and amplitude of action potentials of the neurons. With haloperidol depolarizing afterpotentials leading to double discharges were observed in some neurons. In a few instances spontaneous EPSPs disappeared with the DA-response under the influence of anti-psychotic drugs. The results render a direct neurophysiological evidence for the blockade of DA-receptors by antipsychotic drugs in correspondence to their clinical efficacy and agree with data from clinical observations and obtained in neurochemical, behavioral and indirect neurophysiological experiments.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1976

[Effect of acetylsalicylic acid on immunologically induced morphologic changes after experimental lung transplantation (light and electron microscopic study)].

In 3 comparing series the behavior of platelets after experimental lung transplantation was examined in 33 dogs. After allogenic transplantations (21 animals) the ultrastructural findings were pathologic changes of the platelets, such as hyperaggregability with irreversible aggregation prevailing, as well as capillary wall alterations. X-rays showed considerable reduction of functioning parenchyma. Since these findings were absent in animals which underwent merely pulmonary re-implantation (4 animals) and can be considered a controll group, the authors conclude that these alterations are caused by mainly immunologic reactions. Acetylsalicylic acid given to animals with grafted lungs significantly inhibited is specific and certainly immuneinduced pathologic development. Absolutely necessary, therefore, appears the application of such aggregation inhibitor as additional treatment in lung transplantations.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Parenteral feeding in esophagus surgery].

A carefully balanced parenteral nutrition is shown to improve the therapeutic success in esophageal surgery. Concerning esophageal replacement a decrease of the complication rate such as bad granulation with fistulization as a consequence was observed. Advantage and disadvantage of parenteral nutrition vis-a-vis feeding by operative fistula are discussed particulary. Further on, the indications of parenteral nutrition in esophageal surgery are given. The supply of nitrogen and calories has to be noticeably increased as a catabolic metabolism is obligate. Special attention is given to selection, composition, and concentration of the concerning solutions.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1975

[The electrical activity of retinal ganglion cells according to central blood pressure (author's transl)].

Recording of single fiber activity of the N. opticus represents an objective electrophysiological method for investigation of the function of the retina. The relationship between retinal function and blood pressure was explored in cats and it was discovered that the autoregulation of the eye secures normal retinal functioning even in the presence of considerable variations in central blood pressure. With cats this ranges between 60 and 140 mm Hg average pressure in the A. carotis communis.

Animals↗