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Biomedical subjects

J Howard

Publications and source records attributed to J Howard.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1970

Intracellular hydrolysis of short chain glycerides by rat small intestine in vitro and transfer of glycerol.

1. When triacetin, tripropionin and tributyrin are incubated with sacs of rat everted intestine, they enter the epithelial cells and are completely hydrolysed to free fatty acids and glycerol.2. The distribution between the mucosal and serosal fluids of the glycerol released is very different from that of the fatty acid. Although both hydrolytic products are accumulated in the serosal fluid, a much higher fraction of the fatty acid appears in this compartment.3. When glycerol is initially present in the mucosal fluid there is no evidence of its movement against a concentration gradient.4. The results confirm the existence of a transport mechanism for fatty acids released intracellularly but do not require the hypothesis of a special mechanism for glycerol transfer.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management of agitated head-injured patients: a survey of current techniques.

Traumatically brain-injured (TBI) patients compose a large portion of the population treated in rehabilitation programs. Because of the increase in the number and acuity of agitated clients on an inpatient unit at Michiana Rehabilitation Institute in South Bend, IN, the authors conducted a study to establish what techniques currently are used to manage this population. A questionnaire was sent to 60 rehabilitation facilities throughout the United States, with a 50% return rate. The use of an interdisciplinary team, primary nursing, and one-to-one monitoring were frequently reported staffing patterns. Orientation for one-to-one attendants and self-defense education were noted as beneficial. The use of behavior modification, physical restraints, environmental modifications, and medications were nearly equally reported. Further research to identify the need for and outcome of specific management techniques is recommended.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of infants born to cocaine-abusing women: biologic/maternal influences.

This study investigated the influence of gestational age, birthweight, caregiving, and maternal personality characteristics on the development of 51 six-month-old infants born to and being reared by cocaine-abusing mothers. Two self-report measures were administered to the pregnant women at intake: the ASI (quantifying drug use) and the MCMI (describing DSM-III Axis II personality characteristics and Axis I clinical syndromes). Infants' biologic vulnerability was assessed by gestational age and birthweight. Caregiving was assessed 6 months later in the home, using the HOME Inventory and maternal caregiving behavior rating scales. Infant development was assessed in the laboratory at 6 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Higher Bayley scores were associated with heavier birthweight and increased maternal sensitivity. Furthermore, mothers of infants with shorter gestations were found to be more sensitive caregivers, whereas mothers who reported more histrionic-gregarious, narcissistic, borderline-cycloid, and/or paranoid personality characteristics during pregnancy were less sensitive caregivers. Surprisingly, mothers who reported more depressive symptoms during pregnancy provided more sensitive care.

Adult↗