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Biomedical subjects

J Howard

Publications and source records attributed to J Howard.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Phase I and II trial of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide in patients with acute leukemia.

Patients with acute leukemia in relapse were given 5'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide at a dosage of 75 to 200 mg/sq m as a daily bolus infusion of 5 consecutive days. None of the 11 patients treated at 75 to 150 mg/sq m daily for 5 days achieved remission. Ten patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 21 with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia were given treatment at 200 mg/sq m daily for 5 days. Six of these patients achieved complete remission, three with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and three with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were seen in all patients and in the responders lasted a median of 39 and 41 days, respectively. Stomatitis was the most significant nonhematopoietic toxicity noted. occurring in 80% of the patients. Hyperbilirubinemia was seen in 25% of the patients treated. Since 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide will induce remission in heavily pretreated patients with acute leukemia, consideration should be given to exploring its use in combination with other active drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Follow-up of 2000 second-trimester amniocenteses.

The authors analyzed the outcome of 2000 consecutive second-trimester amniocenteses. Seventy-three percent were performed for maternal age of 34 years or more. The risk of spontaneous abortion before 28 weeks' gestation was 1.3% and for stillbirth or neonatal death, 1.4%. Total fetal loss was 2.7%, compared with 2.2% in a control population. Congenital malformations were found in 1.6% of the study group and in 1.9% of controls; no increase in skeletal problems was observed. Prematurity, defined as a birth weight of less than 2500 g, was noted in 3.6%, compared with 3.7% and 3.9% in 2 control populations. Respiratory difficulties persisting for more than 24 hours were observed in 0.8% of patients, compared with 0.7% of controls. Analyses of the outcome of amniocenteses performed at a single large center do not show an increase in perinatal complications or malformations.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1979

Prospects for humane care are hopeful.

Token deference to humanism will not get the job done/The goal of humanizing care must be given high priority and be made consistent with other hospital objectives.

Hospital Administration↗
PubMed1979

A biochemical and ultrastructural comparison of Triton X-100 models of normal and transformed cells.

We have compared the two-dimensional gel profiles of Triton models of normal rat kidney (NRK) cells and their Kirsten viral transformant, 442. Several protein differences were detected. The models of the transformed line lacked five acidic polypeptides and possessed a much higher intermediate filament to actin ratio. Scanning microscopy reveals significant ultrastructural differences in these models, with the NRK line exhibiting a much more filamentous structure. In addition, nuclease treatment of NRK models causes a dramatic change in their scanning image while the 442 models are unaffected. Nuclease treated models lack microfilaments and appear to contain only intermediate filaments, although actin is still a prominent protein constituent.

Actins↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of heavy particle with X-irradiation on the hamster lung.

Important new modalities for cancer therapy are being developed, and one of the most promising is heavy charged particle irradiation. We are currently assessing the effects of 375-MeV/nucleon neon irradiation in the plateau region of ionization compared to 230KVp X-rays on the whole thorax of hamsters. Single dose levels for neon irradiation ranged from 150-1000 rad. Dose levels for X-irradiation ranged from 225-1500 rad. The animals were followed for 1 year after irradiation, and the most useful results emerged, using morphometric methods. One year after irradiation, pulmonary parenchyma and nonparenchyma appear morphometrically unchanged. However, the volume density of pulmonary septums, septal cells, all tissue, connective tissue, and alveolar Type II cells was increased while the volume densities of alveoli, empty alveolar space, and capillary lumens were diminished. Most of these changes were dose dependent not clearly demonstrable until a year after irradiation. The relative biologic effect of neon compared to X-irradiation using this techniques is 1.6-1.8.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Fitness and employee productivity.

What should management consider when deciding whether to sponsor a company fitness program? This article gives pragmatic answers to the business community as well as outlining critical avenues for future research for both academics and corporations. Understanding the nature of the commitment is a prerequisite for success. Whether the program should be short term and serve as a catalyst for future individual efforts, or a long-term commitment, is a question which must be considered. Decisions of this type are partially dependent on what criteria are used to evaluate success. As measurements of employee productivity are very subjective or non-existent, absenteeism and turnover are potential yardsticks. Details of employee programs must also address the issue of participation as well as the frequency, intensity and duration. Future research must separate the effect of the fitness improvement from the benfits derived from just being in a program. The measurement of productivity and the long-term effect of fitness programs, especially short-term programs, are also areas for future work.

Attitude↗
PubMed1978

A heavy particle comparative study. Part I: depth-dose distributions.

The results of a comparative study of heavy particles of interest in radiotherapy, with peaks spread over a depth of 10 cm, are reported in four parts. The introduction to this study and the depth-dose distributions of the particles, (n, pi-, p, He, C, Ne, and Ar ions) are reported herein. The results indicate that protons give the best localization of dose. The degree of localization of dose with heavy ions is reduced with increasing charge on the ion. For ranges less than 15cm, heavier ions such as neon and argon still have favourable dose localization; however, for ranges in excess of 15 cm, heavy ions such as argon are unfavourable but superior to fast neutrons because penetration can be controlled by modulation of energy or range.

Argon↗
PubMed1978

A 45,XX,-5,-14,+t(5q;14q)mat cri du chat child.

A two-year-old girl has the following features of the cri du chat syndrome: microcephaly, hypertelorism, downward slanting of the palpebral fissures, psychomotor retardation and a cat-like cry. She is only of five patients having the cat cry syndrome with 45 chromosomes. Her karyotype is 45,XX, -5, -14, +t(5; 14)(5qter leads to 5p11: : 14q11 leads to 14qter) with the translocation inherited from her mother and maternal grandmother, each of whom is the carrier of a balanced translocation 46,XX,t(5;14)(p11q11). Normal plasma activity for hexosaminidase B suggests the locus for this enzyme is not located in the delected segment of 5 p.

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1978

cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and bleomycin in the treatment of esophageal carcinomas.

Forty-seven patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus were treated with a combination of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) (cis-DDP) and bleomycin by infusion. cis-DDP at a dose of 3 mg/kg with mannitol and prehydration was given on Day 1. On Day 3, bleomycin was started as a 10--15-unit/m2 loading dose followed by a 10--15-unit/m2 24-hour infusion for 4--7 days. Three groups of patients were treated: group 1 (no clinical evidence of metastatic disease) included 25 patients, all with no prior therapy; group 2 (measurable metastatic disease) included 13 patients, eight previously treated with surgery and/or radiation; group 3 (known nonmeasurable metastatic disease) included nine patients, all previously treated with surgery and/or radiation and/or chemotherapy. A second course of therapy was given on Day 28 to groups 2 and 3, and as soon after surgery as possible in group 1. Nineteen percent of patients had complete or partial responses with another 44% having minor regressions. Toxic effects were mainly renal effects, alopecia, nausea and vomiting, and stomatitis. There were two drug-related deaths. The combination of cis-DDP and bleomycin is useful in the treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Adult↗