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Biomedical subjects

J Hou

Publications and source records attributed to J Hou.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Both myeloma cells and bone marrow stromal cells are involved in the overproduction of interleukin 6 in multiple myeloma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of interleukin 6 (IL-6) overexpression in multiple myeloma(MM). METHODS: Human myeloma cells(KM3) and bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) were fixed by paraformaldehyde. KM3 cells and BMSCs (fixed and non-fixed) were co-cultured in 10%FCS-RPMI1640. IL-6 activity in the supernatant was determined by B9 cell proliferation test. RESULTS: Both non-fixed myeloma cells and BMSCs could automatically secret IL-6, while the fixed cells did not. Co-cultures of fixed one with non-fixed the other of either kind of the cells could significantly increase the IL-6 activity in the supernatants. The promoting effect on IL-6 production was greater in BMSCs from MM patients than that in BMSCs from normal controls. CONCLUSION: There exists dual mechanism of IL-6 overproduction in MM, i.e. both autocrine and paracrine of IL-6 are involved in the pathogenesis of MM.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed1998

[Chemoprevention of esophageal cancer].

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to test and pursue the achievement achieved in Heshun township of Linxian county, Henan province. Since 1992, we have been conducting block therapy for precancerous lesions of the esophagus in 9 townships of Ci county, Hebei province, a high risk area of esophageal cancer. METHODS: By means of a cytological survey, 3,990 and 5,346 cases of severe and mild dysplasia of esophageal epithelium were selected. These cases are divided randomly into the treated group and the control group. In the treated group, the Chinese herbal medicine Zeng Sheng Ping were given to the patients with severe dysplasia, and tablets of riboflavin Calcium were given to the patients with mild dysplasia. Placebo were given to the control group. After administration of drugs for 3 years, the esophageal cytological reexamination was repeated in July 1996. RESULTS: In the severe dysplasia treated group, RR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.33-0.75, inhibitory rate of canceration 49.9%; using the method of cytological five grade-six kinds as the mark of standard to calculate the general grade effects, and using the control group as the standard group, the treated group Ridit = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.56-0.60; in the mild dysplasia treated group, RR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.52-1.22, inhibitory rate 20.4%; Ridit = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.57-0.61. CONCLUSIONS: These herbal blocking results indicated that the effects of the Chinese herbal medicine Zeng Sheng Ping on esophageal precancerous lesions were worthy of being highly considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Immunohistochemical study on ANP in the atria of electrocution].

By the immunohistochemical staining for ANP with LSAB method and the analysis of areas and grays of ANP with computer image analysis, it was found that the ANP granulus in right atria of electrocution were obviously depleted, compared with that in the control groups. The results showed that depletion of ANP granules in right atria could be used as a reference for the forensic diagnosis of electrocution and might benefit for the clinical therapy to the patients suffering from electric injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Low frequency of precore stop mutation in patients with dual infection of hepatitis B and C viruses].

In order to study the mutation of hepatitis B virus(HBV) precore gene in patients with dual infections of HBV and HCV and its possible clinical significance, the precore stop codon mutation (stop 28) was analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) in patients with chronic liver disease, which were 25 cases with HBV DNA and HCV RNA positive(group A) and 31 cases with HBsAg and HBV DNA positive but anti-HCV and HCV RNA negative (group B). The results showed that the serum HBV DNA positive rate by 1st PCR in patients with dual infections(group A, 16%) was significantly lower than that in patients with HBV infection alone (group B, 65%), the stop 28 positive rate was also significantly lower (28%, versus 68%). The results suggest that the low frequency of precore stop codon mutant in patients with HBV and HCV dual infections was possibly due to low replication of HBV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Characterization of the receptor binding determinants of granulocyte colony stimulating factor.

We performed a series of experiments using alanine-scanning mutagenesis to locate side chains within human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) that are involved in human G-CSF receptor binding. We constructed a panel of 28 alanine mutants that examined all surface exposed residues on helices A and D, as well as all charged residues on the surface of G-CSF. The G-CSF mutants were expressed in a transiently transfected mammalian cell line and quantitated by a sensitive biosensor method. We measured the activity of mutant proteins using an in vitro proliferation assay and an ELISA binding competition assay. These studies show that there is a region of five charged residues on helices A and C employed by G-CSF in binding its receptor, with the most important residue in this binding patch being Glu 19. Both wild-type G-CSF and the E19A mutant were expressed in E. coli. The re-folded proteins were found to have proliferative activities similar to the analogous proteins from mammalian cells: furthermore, biophysical analysis indicated that the E19A mutation does not cause gross structural perturbations in G-CSF. Although G-CSF is likely to signal through receptor homo-dimerization, we found no compelling evidence for a second receptor binding region. We also found no evidence of self-antagonism at high G-CSF concentrations, suggesting that, in contrast to human growth hormone (hGH) and erythropoietin (EPO), G-CSF probably does not signal via a pure 2:1 receptor ligand complex. Thus, G-CSF, while having a similar tertiary structure to hGH and EPO, uses different areas of the four helix bundle for high-affinity interaction with its receptor.

Alanine↗
PubMed1997

Sulbactam/cefoperazone versus cefotaxime for the treatment of moderate-to-severe bacterial infections: results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial.

We conducted a randomized, open-label, controlled, multicenter study to compare sulbactam/cefoperazone with cefotaxime in terms of efficacy and safety for the treatment of hospitalized patients with moderate-to-severe bacterial infections. More than two-thirds of the pathogens recovered from these patients produced beta-lactamase. Two hundred-seven (88.1%) of the 235 patients enrolled completed the study and were included in the efficacy and safety evaluations. One hundred-three patients received sulbactam/cefoperazone (2-4 g/d) administered in evenly divided doses every 12 hours by a 30-minute intravenous drip; 104 patients received cefotaxime (6-12 g/d) administered in evenly divided doses every 6 or 8 hours by a 30-minute intravenous drip. The overall efficacy rates (i.e., cure or markedly improved) were 95% for the sulbactam/cefoperazone group and 90% for the cefotaxime group (P = .186), whereas the bacterial eradication rates were 85% for the sulbactam/cefoperazone group and 81% for the cefotaxime group (P = .467). Both drug regimens were well tolerated. Sulbactam/cefoperazone is effective and safe for the treatment of moderate-to-severe bacterial infections caused mainly by beta-lactamase-producing organisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Immunoregulatory effects of morphine on human lymphocytes.

It is now well established that parenteral drug abuse is a significant risk factor for contracting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and subsequently developing AIDS. Earlier studies have shown that morphine can modulate various immune responses and therefore support the premise that morphine is a cofactor in susceptibility to and progression of HIV infection. Dysregulation of interferon (IFN) production, nonspecific apoptosis of T cells, and the immune response to soluble HIV gene products have been associated with potential mechanisms of pathogenesis in HIV disease. The present study was undertaken to examine the immunomodulatory role of morphine on HIV protein-induced lymphocyte proliferative responses, Sendai and Newcastle disease virus-induced alpha IFN (IFN-alpha) and IFN-beta production by lymphocytes and fibroblast cells, respectively, and induction of apoptosis of normal lymphocytes in vitro. Our results demonstrate that HIV protein-induced human lymphocyte proliferative responses were significantly inhibited by morphine in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, morphine significantly inhibited both IFN-alpha and IFN-beta production by normal lymphocytes and fibroblasts but induced apoptosis of normal lymphocytes. Inhibition of IFN-alpha production by morphine could be reversed by the opiate receptor antagonist naloxone. This suggests that the immunomodulatory effects of morphine are mediated through the opioid receptor. These studies support a role of morphine as a cofactor in the pathogenesis of HIV infection and describe some of the possible pathologic mechanisms which underlie the immunoregulatory effects of morphine.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Primary study on the use of ovariectomized rabbits for establishment of osteoporosis model].

Purebred New Zealand female rabbits were used in this study for demonstrating the feasibility of establishing rabbit's primary osteoporosis model. Bilateral ovariectomies were performed. Five to eight months after operation, we observed the BMD, weight, hair colour and living condition of the model. After killing the rabbits, we made biomechanical detection and pathologic histomorphometry using the bones. The weight of bone ash, the content of calcium and phosphorus, and the weight of metra were determined. The results showed that BMD, bone bending stress, weight of bone ash, content of calcium and phosphorus in ash, and weight of metra all decreased (P < 0.05); the number of trabecula decreased and the bone cortex became thinner. All these parameters evidenced the primary founding of rabbit's osteoporosis model. This research provides a basis for studying the pathogenesis of primary osteoporosis and evaluating the efficacy of pharmacotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Hot-point mutations of viral C gene during hepatitis B virus infection].

To investigate the relationship of the HBV C gene mutations with the disease progress, the hotpoint mutations of pre- C stop28 and C region L97 were examined with restrictio-fragment-length-polymorphism (RFLP) technique in 91 hepatitis patients with diverse clinical features and HBe status. Both mutations were almost not seen in acute hepatitis B and chronic asymptomatic virus carriers; rarely in chronic persistent hepatitis and frequently in chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and active liver cirrhosis (ALC), accounting for 80% and 78% in CAH and ALC respectively. The pre-C mutant was mixed with wild strain in 11 of 31 patients who were HBeAg-positive CAH and ALC; on the other hand, the wild strain also coexisted with variant in anti-HBe-positive cases. So did the L97 in both HBeAg- and anti- HBe-positive cases. Possibly, both the mutant and the wild strain are usually in a relatively growth and decline status. So, the hot-point mutations of HBV C gene were closely related with the disease activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Brush-type chiral stationary phase for chiral resolution in high performance liquid chromatography].

A review is presented about brush-type chiral stationary phase in high performance liquid chromatography chiral resolution, dealing with design, synthesis and applications, of various brush-type chiral stationary phases (CSP). The advances of study of chiral recognition mechanism are introduced and the development trends of the brush-type chiral stationary phase in the future proposed. Eighty-four references are cited in this paper.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1997

[The development of a new type of SnO2/SnCl2 semiconductor as detector in gas chromatography].

A new type of SnO2/SnCl2 semiconductor as detector in gas chromatography has been developed. The sensing crystalloid with SnO2 as main block has an outstanding sensitivity to the reducing gases in a certain oxidative circumstance. The reducing gases can be reversibly adsorbed on the surface of crystal and make the resistance of the sensing element changed. Therefore, this type of sensing element may be used as detector in GC. We studied and prepared such sensing element with SnCl2 as catalyst to improve the sensitivity. An optimum procedurefor preparation has been received. We also discussed the possibilily as the gas-sensing element to replace the flame ionization detector in GC. The results showed that at the condition of 300 degrees C, the sensitivity, stability, detectability and linear range were satisfactory. This new type of detector can meet the needs of practical sample analysis.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical significance of determining serum soluble IL-6 receptor concentration in plasma cell dyscrasias].

It has been proven that interleukin 6 (IL-6) is the key growth factor for myeloma cells in vitro and in vivo. Binding of serum soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) with IL-6 can promote the biological effects of IL-6. To investigate the significance of serum sIL-6R in plasma cell dyscrasias (PCD), we determined serum sIL-6R concentrations in 62 patients with multiple myeloma (MM), 5 with macroglobulinemia, 1 with mu heavy chain disease and 15 healthy controls by using ligand immunoenzyme assay. The results showed that serum sIL-6R concentrations in macroglobulinemia and MM at stage II and stage III were significantly higher than these in MM at stage I and healthy controls (P < 0.01). Morever, serum sIL-6R concentrations in MM at stage III were higher than those in MM at stage II (P < 0.01). But there were no statistic difference in serum sIL-6R concentrations between normal controls and MM at stage I (P > 0.05). And there were also no difference in serum sIL-6R concentrations among various M-protein classes (P > 0.05). Our results indicated that serum sIL-6R concentration is a useful marker in reflecting disease severity in MM. Its clinical significance in other PCD needs further investigation.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Preventive effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on apoptosis in rat cerebellar neuronal cells induced by hydroxyl radicals.

The ability of oxidative stress to induce apoptosis, and the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) on this induction were studied in primary cultured rat cerebellar neuronal cells. Cells were exposed to hydroxyl radicals by treating them with 20-50 microM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 100 microM ferrous sulfate. Hydroxyl radical treatment fragmented the DNA in a manner typical of apoptosis cells, producing a ladder pattern of 200 base pair increments on 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. Pretreatment of cells with 100 micrograms/ml EGb reduced hydroxyl radical induced cells apoptosis (determined by flow cytometry) and DNA fragmentation. The results indicate that hydroxyl radicals induce apoptosis in rat cerebellar neuronal cells and this induction can be prevented by EGb.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

An integrated physical map covering 25 cM of human chromosome 8.

We have developed an integrated physical map for human chromosome 8q23-q24.1 based on STS content analysis of somatic cell hybrids and YAC contigs. Among the 63 STSs used are markers from multiple genetic maps and several previously unmapped polymorphisms, thus integrating genetic markers from different sources into comprehensive, ordered sets based on their positions in the physical map. These maps will facilitate the isolation of genes causing human inherited diseases that map to these chromosomal regions.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1996

The limiting mobility of DNA sequencing fragments for both cross-linked and noncross-linked polymers in capillary electrophoresis: DNA sequencing at 1200 V cm-1.

The mobility of DNA sequencing fragments was measured in Long-Ranger gels at an electric field ranging from 200 to 1200 V cm-1 and in noncross-linked polyacrylamide at electric fields ranging from 100 to 300 V cm-1. In both cases, N*, the fragment length that denotes the onset of biased reptation with orientation, is inversely proportional to electric field. The inverse dependence of N* is inconsistent with the original biased reptation model but is consistent with modern models of DNA migration. While separation speed increases dramatically with electric field, the number of bases determined in a separation decreases in proportion to field strength. We present a DNA sequencing run at an electric field of 1200 V cm-1. Roughly 200 bases of sequence are determined in 3.5 min.

Base Sequence↗