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Biomedical subjects

J Hostein

Publications and source records attributed to J Hostein.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Colonic inhibition of gastric secretion in man.

The effect of colonic infusion of various solutions on submaximal pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion was determined in healthy volunteers. Hypertonic (823 mOsm/kg) glucose, mannitol, and saline, and also isotonic glucose significantly induced a marked and sustained inhibition of gastric acid secretion of 74%, 66%, 79%, and 54%, respectively. A similar degree of inhibition was obtained for pepsin secretion with hypertonic glucose and mannitol. Isotonic triglycerides and isotonic saline solutions had no significant effect on gastric acid secretion. Hypertonic glucose, mannitol, and saline infusions significantly increased plasma concentrations of enteroglucagon, whereas other solutions had no effect. No correlation, however, was found between the percentage rise of enteroglucagon and the percentage inhibition of gastric secretion obtained from any of the three hypertonic solutions. The physiological significance of these findings remains to be established.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Assessment of the accuracy of segmental perfusion under an occluding balloon for measuring the intrajejunal secretion of albumin and immunoglobulin A.

The suitability was investigated of the segmental perfusion technique under an occluding balloon (which prevents the contamination of the test segment by upper digestive secretions and pancreatic proteolytic enzymes) for measuring immunoglobulin A (IgA) and serum albumin outputs into the jejunal lumen. The influence of the perfusion rate and of the transintestinal water movements in the 40 cm long test segment was studied in 11 healthy subjects. IgA and serum albumin outputs did not differ significantly when the same isotonic solution was perfused at rates of 5 or 10 ml/min, nor when water absorption was stimulated by the presence of glucose. A possible artefact linked to intestinal wall distension by the occluding balloon was evaluated in eight subjects with complete exocrine pancreas insufficiency. IgA and serum albumin outputs obtained under the occluding balloon were compared with those found with the triple non-occlusive method. Care was taken to achieve a similar flow rate and solute composition of the fluid entering the test segments with both techniques in each subject. Under these conditions, IgA and serum albumin outputs measured with both methods did not differ significantly. These findings validate the use of the segmental perfusion technique under an occluding balloon to measure IgA and serum albumin outputs into the human small intestine.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Increase in amylase clearance in relation to creatinin clearance during acute pancreatitis.

Renal amylase clearance in relation to creatinin clearance (Cam/Ccr) was determined for 20 patients suffering from acute pancreatitis (AP). For each of them, the diagnosis rested upon operative or laparoscopic observation of characteristic anatomical or histological lesions. The average clearance relationship in these patients reached 16 +/- SEM 3.8%. These results were significantly higher than those obtained from 132 patients who had been hospitalized for other medical or surgical diseases, as well as from 51 test patients (p less than 0.001). The authors stressed the diagnostic importance of this test, in particular in the presence of a normal amylasemia level.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Action of norepinephrine on the serum gastrin level.

The authors have studied the influence of endogenous norepinephrine released during exercise on the level of serum gastrin. After a period of absolute rest, 10 volunteers in good health underwent a prolonged graded exercise corresponding to 60, then 80% of the maximum theoretical heart-beat frequency. Only norepinephrine was significantly high during the course of the second phase of muscular activity. No significant change in serum gastrin was observed during the entire test.

Gastrins↗