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Biomedical subjects

J Hors

Publications and source records attributed to J Hors.

216 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Familial versus sporadic longevity and MHC markers.

We have studied the polymorphism of HLA-A, B, in 2 elderly populations (> or = 90 years) compared to a control series of 429 healthy unrelated individuals less advanced in age. The aged population issued from the CHRONOS cohort consisted of 336 centenarians without familial history of longevity, and 102 nonagenarians index cases randomly selected from families. Almost all individuals (310) were previously typed for HLA-DRB1. The increased allelic frequency of HLA DR11 was observed in familial nonagenarians (18.3%) compared to controls (10%) (p < .001) and to sporadic centenarians (11.8%). Concerning HLA Class I alleles, only rare alleles (A30, B70) remain significantly different from the controls after correction of the p value. No distortion of the Mendelian sharing of haplotypes was observed among sibling pairs of familial nonagenarians. A protective effect of the HLA-DR11 molecule itself, presenting adequately immunogenic-infectious peptides, is probable rather than genes in disequilibrium. Our study strongly supports the heterogeneity of longevity, the association of HLA-DR11 in its familial form in aged populations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HLA DQA1 and DQB1 study in Algerian type 1 diabetes families.

The distribution of HLA class II alleles associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Type 1) in the Algerian population is poorly known. We have typed 36 Algerian Type 1 diabetic probands and their families using DQA1 and DQB1 oligonucleotide probes. Fifty-nine parental haplotypes non transmitted to diabetic offspring served as controls. The frequencies of DQA1 and DQB1 alleles and haplotypes and their associations with Type 1 diabetes were, except minor differences, similar to those reported in French. Susceptibility DQA1 (Arg52+) and DQB1 (Asp57-) alleles were significantly increased among patients versus controls (90% vs 53%, RR = 8.4, p < 10(-6), and 94% vs 64%, RR = 9.4, p < 10(-5), respectively). 85% of Type 1 diabetics versus 34% of control haplotypes were either DR3DQw2 or DR4DQw8 susceptibility haplotypes (DQA1 Arg52+, DQB1 Asp57-) (RR = 10.8, p < 10(-7). 75% of the probands vs 14% of the controls (RR = 18, p < 10(-5)) and 73% of affected siblings versus 24% of unaffected siblings (RR = 8.4, p < 0.02) possessed a genotype composed of these two susceptibility haplotypes in the homozygous or heterozygous state. 42% of the probands were DR3DQw2/DR4DQw8, corresponding to Hardy-Weinberg expectations. The lack of excess of heterozygotes could be due to the consanguine families in this sample, as among the patients with consanguine parents the frequency of DR3, 4 heterozygotes was lower (27% vs 48% in non-consanguine patients, NS) and that of DR3 homozygotes increased (45% vs 12%, respectively, p < 0.03).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Algeria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Probability of remission in individual in early adult insulin dependent diabetic patients. Results from the Cyclosporine Diabetes French Study Group.

The aim of this study was to determine which candidates were suitable for immunotherapy among adult insulin dependent diabetic patients of recent onset. A statistical analysis was performed using the results of a multicentre randomized trial of cyclosporine versus placebo after nine months of treatment. When the baseline characteristics of the patients in remission were compared with those not in remission, there was no difference observed either in initial residual beta-cell function (glucagon stimulated C-peptide level), or in immunological markers (T4 and T8 lymphocytes counts, Interleukin 2). The parameters showing the most difference were, in addition to treatment group, the duration of diabetes symptoms and body mass index at inclusion, and the HLA-DR phenotype. This was confirmed using a logistic regression analysis, in which these variables were found to be significantly related to remission. The probability of remission in each individual patient was then calculated using these variables in the mathematical function provided by the logistic model. Ninety eight out of 110 patients were correctly classified using this method. In addition, it must be noted that only subjects adequately treated by cyclosporine were still in complete remission after a one year follow-up. Conversely, it appeared that immunosuppression in subjects having a predicted probability of remission lower than 0.35 using the mathematical function, and being non-DR3, non-DR4 has to be avoided. These results will be useful in optimizing the recruitment of patients in on-going or future trials of immunotherapy in early diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computerized system for the selection of the most HLA-compatible kidney recipient (France-Transplant).

The RITRAN program is applied to renal transplantation and operates within the framework of France Transplant. It makes it possible to choose the most compatible kidney recipient within the ABO blood group system and within the major histocompatibility system in man (HLA). The file presently comprises the data stored on tape concerning 1800 dialysis patients who are awaiting grafts. It is managed by UNIVAC 1108 computer. More than 25 medical-surgical transplant teams from France, Switzerland, Holland and Spain are connected with the computer. It was five years ago that the first interrogation system began operating in real time 20 hours out of 24, using a telex line, and it continues to provide complete satisfaction. The updating of the data is done by the RITREC system, also using a telex machine. An adaptation of the programs applied for choosing blood and platelet donors is in the process of being realized.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[HLA tracers and Cushing's syndrome (author's transl)].

HLA-A and B phenotypes were determined in 38 patients with Cushing's syndrome (29 Cushing's diseases, 9 others etiologies) and compared with those of 591 normal subjects. No significant differences was found in the HLA antigens distribution in the two groups. However the series is too small to definitely support the hypothesis of a lack of correlation with HLA. Indeed, the increased prevalence of B8 antigen in Cushing's disease (28%) as compared to that in the control group (17%), although not statistically significant, emphasizes the need for further typing of HLA-DR, particularly RDw3 which is known to be linked to D8 through desequilibrium and associated with several autoimmune diseases.

Cushing Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic approach of family obesity: study of HLA antigens in 10 families and 86 unrelated obese subjects.

HLA A and B typing was performed in 86 unrelated obese subjects and in 10 families including at least one parent and one obese sibling. The results in the series of unrelated subjects show no significant difference in antigen frequencies as compared to the control series. However in the 10 families studied, a group of 5 families is characterized by a high penetrance of obesity. In this group, inheritance of obesity seems to be transmitted through a dominant mode, and antigen B 18 appeared 4 times out of 5. The possible existence of a genetic form of obesity is considered in the discussion.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[HL-A system in psoriasis; study of 31 families (author's transl)].

31 families with at least two psoriatic members, including sometimes three generations (4 families) have been studied looking for HL-A markers. They include 80 affected (45 females, 35 males) and 75 healthy persons. BW 17 has been found present in 58 p. 100 of the unrelated patients, versus 7 p. 100 only in the normal population (p less than 10-9). Relative risk (R.R.) for the people bearing BW 17 is 38.34. Increase of B 13 is slight and non significant. BW 16, BW 37, BW 27 are within normal range. B 12 (R.R. :0.36) seems to have a protecting effect. B 8, B 14 are also decreased. Study of way of genetic transmission favours existence of a dominant gene of susceptibility frequently associated with BW 17 and particularly with haplotype A 1, BW 17. But other genetic or environmental factors may also play a role.

Adolescent↗