Previously the electroencephalogram (EEG) was modeled as consisting of faster, smaller waves superimposed on larger, slower waves. The intent of this study is to modify the program to sample neural activity over specific intervals of time following detection of a distinct wave pattern. The use of conditional sampling is illustrated by considering wave detection following epileptic interictal spikes in the rabbit hippocampus. To create an epileptic focus, small pellets of sodium penicillin suspended in agar were placed on the rabbit hippocampus. This produced regularly recurring, spontaneous, large amplitude discharges, or interictal spikes, at the site of application. Following detection of an interictal spike, the program delayed the onset of a sample period for either 1.0 s or 6.0 s. The neural activity was then sampled for 5.1 s, and fast and slow waves were detected over the sample period. The frequency distribution of waves in four of these 5.1 s intervals was calculated. Comparison of the frequency distributions following the 1.0 s and 6.0 s delays showed no discernible differences. The data illustrate that not all types of neural activity are markedly modified by interictal spikes and suggest that hippocampal cellular populations generate similar waves 1.0 s and 6.0 s after such a spike. Moreover, this experiment illustrates adaptation of the program to sample activity over a limited period of time following detection of a specific cortical waveform.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hyperreactive malarial splenomegaly and AIDS: proguanil prevents recurrent pneumonia.

An Ethiopian immigrated to Israel and gave a positive test result for human immunodeficiency virus. Soon after, he was thrice admitted to hospital in 3 months for severe pneumonia. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was diagnosed, as was hyperreactive malarial splenomegaly (HMS). Thereafter, during maintained proguanil treatment for HMS, the patient remained well for 16 months. Then, after another pneumonic illness, pneumococcal vaccine was administered. Proguanil was maintained for another 10 months and, despite declining CD4 cell counts, good health continued for a further 18 months.

Antimalarials↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Perspectives of nursing executives regarding ethical-economic issues.

The authors grapple with the very real issue of how to allocate scarce health care resources while trying to hold down costs, especially in the face of changing federal and managed care reimbursement realities. Nurse executives (NEs) were surveyed in an attempt to discover their perspectives on a number of related ethical-economic issues. The NEs' responses to the entire "ethical-economic" survey were contrasted with answers offered to the same tool earlier by staff RNs. Among the questions raised was the impact of cost controls on staffing patterns. Not surprisingly, the staff nurses reported perceiving that budget cuts had a greater negative impact on staff positions and the quality of patient care than the nurse executives reported. Both groups were in favor of taxpayers covering a greater part of the cost of medically indigent care. When asked if they would be willing to pay higher taxes themselves, slightly less than half of the nurse executives answered in the affirmative while only 17% of the staff nurses indicated a similar willingness.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Dead Sea bath salts for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Thirty patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis were randomly divided into two groups of fifteen patients each of similar age, sex, duration and severity of disease, and medical treatment. All patients were treated once a day with bath salts heated to 35 degrees C for twenty minutes. Group I received Dead Sea bath salts and Group II, the control group, received sodium chloride (NaCl). The study was double-blind and of two weeks' duration. All patients were evaluated by one rheumatologist both before treatment, and two weeks later at the end of the treatment period. Follow-up evaluations were made one and three months after conclusion of the treatments. The clinical parameters evaluated included duration of morning stiffness, fifteen meter walk time, hand-grip strength, activities of daily living, circumference of proximal interphalangeal joints, number of active joints, Ritchie index and the patient's own assessment of disease activity. The laboratory parameters evaluated included erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum levels of amyloid A, rheumatoid factor, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. A statistically significant improvement (p less than 0.01 or p less than 0.05) was observed in Group I only, in most of the clinical parameters assessed. Maximal therapeutic effect was obtained at the end of the treatment and lasted up to one month.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Antibodies as reagents for identification of intraamniotic infection with Ureaplasma urealyticum during pregnancy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Amniotic Fluid↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Perspectives of practicing nurses on ethical issues in health care economics.

Perspectives of nurses working in seven hospitals across the United States are described. Most nurses believed that all people should have equal access and quality of health care. However, most nurses were unwilling to pay more taxes or donate time to achieve these goals.

Adult↗