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Biomedical subjects

J Horiuchi

Publications and source records attributed to J Horiuchi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Listeria monocytogenes meningitis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient undergoing hemodialysis.

Listeria monocytogenes bacteremia without meningitis has been reported in patients who have undergone long-term hemodialysis and have transfusional iron overload. On the other hand, cases of Listeria bacteremia without meningitis have occurred sporadically among the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome population, mostly homosexuals. There have been no reports of Listeria meningitis occurring among persons who are antibody positive to human immunodeficiency virus or are intravenous drug abusers having chronic renal failure and undergoing hemodialysis. This patient represents the first case of Listeria bacteremia and meningitis to occur in an intravenous drug abuser who is human immunodeficient antibody positive, is receiving hemodialysis, and has transfusional iron overload.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1990

[An early clinical study of Z-100 in leukopenia caused by radiotherapy].

The clinical efficacy of Z-100 for the treatment of leukopenia caused by radiotherapy for malignant tumors was evaluated in an early clinical study using three doses, 2, 10 and 20 micrograms. According to the evaluation by investigators and time-course of WBC, the highest effective rate was achieved by 20 micrograms. Adverse reactions occurred in all groups, but there were no serious or clinically relevant reactions. These results suggested that Z-100 is clinically useful for the treatment of leukopenia caused by radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Radioimmunoassay for endothelin and immunoreactive endothelin in culture medium of bovine endothelial cells.

Using a synthetic 21-residue endothelin as antigen, we have produced an antiserum for endothelin and developed a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) for endothelin. The minimum detection limit of the RIA was 1 pg/tube. Immunoreactive (ir-) endothelin was extracted from the culture medium by Bondelute C8 column. The ir-endothelin in the culture medium of endothelial cells (EC) from bovine pulmonary artery and carotid artery was 1.48 ng/ml and 3.31 ng/ml, respectively. Reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled with the RIA revealed that ir-endothelin in the culture medium comprised one major component corresponding to synthetic endothelin. In addition, the cultured EC of bovine pulmonary artery were specifically stained by immunohistochemical technique. These results suggest that endothelin could be produced in the EC of the pulmonary and carotid arteries besides the aorta. The RIA presented in this study could be an useful tool to investigate the pathophysiologic significance of endothelin.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Central vasomotor control of the rabbit portal vein.

Contractile responses of the portal vein of the anesthetized rabbit were measured quantitatively by plethysmography during transmural electrical field stimulation (TES, 0.8 ms and 15 V) and during the cerebral ischemic pressor response at various volemic states. To evoke the cerebral ischemic response, the route of blood supply to the brain was surgically restricted to the right internal carotid artery, the artery was then compressed in a stepwise fashion by a micrometer device. The maximum contractile response of the portal vein segment that could be evoked by cerebral ischemia corresponded in magnitude to that produced by TES of 10-11 Hz. The contractile response began when the internal carotid blood flow was reduced to 4 ml/min from its normal value of 13.8 +/- 1.2 (mean +/- SE) ml/min and reached a maximum at 0 ml/min. The maximum contractile response was an increase of 26% from control value under normovolemic condition, 20% after hemorrhage and 31% after volume loading. It was estimated that the contractile response in normovolemia was 95% neurogenic, the rest was thought to be of humoral origin.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Opioid receptor modulation of neural transmission in the rabbit coeliac ganglion and ganglionic opioid receptor activation by bunitrolol.

1. We examined the preganglionic splanchnic nerve activity and postganglionic renal nerve activity before and after a local injection of naloxone (20 micrograms/kg) into the coeliac ganglion of anaesthetized rabbits. This was done during graded hypertension, induced by the administration of phenylephrine (0.5-10 micrograms/kg, i.v.) and with selective intraganglionic injection of methionine-enkephalin (ME) and bunitrolol, which is a beta-blocker. 2. During hypertension both pre- and postganglionic discharge decreased, but only postganglionic discharge was inhibited by naloxone treatment into the ganglion. 3. Local injection of ME (0.1-10 micrograms/kg) into the coeliac ganglion decreased postganglionic activity by 9.0 +/- 1.0 to 41.2 +/- 4.7% from control, and this decrease was inhibited by naloxone. 4. Administration of bunitrolol (1-300 micrograms/kg) decreased postganglionic discharge by 3.9 +/- 1.4 to 39.7 +/- 2.4% of the control and this decrease was also inhibited by naloxone. 5. These results suggest that opioid receptors in the coeliac ganglion play an inhibitory role in neural ganglionic transmission and that this inhibitory action reduces postganglionic sympathetic discharge.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1989

Discriminant analysis on the treatment results of interstitial radium tongue implants.

Discriminant analysis was carried out for 48 tongue cancer patients who were treated with radium single-plane implantation. The 48 patients were grouped into 32 successfully cured without complications, five successfully cured with complications, six successfully cured but requiring additional boost therapy and five with local recurrence. To evaluate the relation between the dose distribution and the local treatment results, the analysis was based on a volume-dose relationship. The functions introduced by this discriminant analysis were linear, and the parameters used were modal dose, average dose and shape factors of histograms. Each group of treatment results had a correction rate of greater than 80%, except for the successfully cured group with ulcers. The discriminant functions were useful as an index to obtain a final clinical treatment result at the early time of implantation, and these functions could be used as a criterion for the optimal treatment of tongue carcinoma. We were also able to recognize the limitation of the actual arrangement of sources in the single-plane implant.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1989

ARPP-21, a cyclic AMP-regulated phosphoprotein enriched in dopamine-innervated brain regions. II. Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence.

A cDNA clone for the mRNA of bovine ARPP-21 (cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr = 21,000 as determined by SDS-PAGE) was isolated from a modified Okayama-Berg plasmid library. Transformed Escherichia coli colonies were screened by in situ colony hybridization with 2 different oligonucleotide probes derived from the amino acid sequence of the bovine protein. Sequence analysis of the longest cDNA clone, pTKAI [2407 nucleotides plus a poly(A) tail], revealed a 267-nucleotide-long coding region in agreement with the bovine ARPP-21 amino acid sequence (Williams et al., 1989). Southern blot analysis of total bovine genomic DNA raised the possibility that there may be 2 genes coding for ARPP-21. Northern blot analysis of total cellular RNA from bovine caudate nucleus and other brain regions demonstrated the existence of 2 major mRNA species, 2.5 and 1.0 kb in length, probably derived from use of alternate polyadenylation sites. There was a differential expression of these 2 mRNAs within the brain. Both ARPP-21 mRNAs were most abundant in the caudate nucleus, where the concentration of the protein is highly enriched.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated with TAO low-dose rate intracavitary radiation].

Seventy-four patients with carcinoma of uterine cervix were treated radically with TAO low-dose rate afterloading system during 1972 to 1986. Relapse-free rates were 88.9% in stage I, 77.9% in stage II and 48.3% in stage III, and 5-year cause-specific survival rates were 88.9% in stage I, 77.2% in stage II, and 50.5% in stage III respectively. Late complication in recto-sigmoid region was noticed about 10%, but most of them in minor degree. The results remain satisfactory when compared with other published results.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Radioimmunoassay of plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels in patients with endocrine tumor].

For the purpose of determining the significance of CGRP for endocrine tumors, we attempted to establish CGRP radioimmunoassay (RIA) system and to measure plasma CGRP levels in patients with endocrine tumor. One ml of plasma (EDTA-2K + aprotinin 500.KIE/ml) was applied to Sep-Pak C 18 column, and was eluted by 90% MeOH plus 0.1% TFA. The eluted samples were used for RIA. RIA was performed by two day-one day system (delayed assay). B/F separation was made by two Ab-PEG method. Cross-reactivity of antisera was 0.0025% and below 0.0001% against PTH and calcitonin in human, respectively. The standard curve of CGRP showed a dose response curve. Results of dilution and reproduction tests were excellent. Normal range of serum CGRP was 6.7 +/- 3.0 pg/ml (M +/- SD) and the cut-off level was determined to be 12.7 pg/ml. Plasma CGRP showed 128,323 and 2,010 pg/ml in three preoperative patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma, indicating extremely high levels. On the other hand, plasma CGRP levels increased in 2/7, 2/4, 2/5, and 0/3 in patients with parathyroid adenoma, benign insulinoma, carcinoid and pheochromocytoma, respectively. Correlation between CGRP level and calcitonin levels was significant (r = 0.789) in only 16 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma. This study suggests that our CGRP RIA system was satisfactory for clinical use and measurement of CGRP may be potentially useful for clearing the pathophysiology of neuroendocrine tumors, although CGRP level was raised in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1988

Dose distribution of neutron beam and chromosome analysis.

Chromosome analysis using peripheral lymphocytes is a sensitive and reliable indicator of the biological effect of radiation at low radiation doses. In the present study, using this chromosome aberration analysis, we tried to investigate the radiation dose distribution within and around the radiation field of a 6 MeV neutron beam. The efficient induction of dicentrics and rings at the irradiation of neutrons compared to those of gamma or X rays especially in a lower dose range, results in a dominant linear component in the linear quadratic model in the dose response relation of a chromosome aberration formation. A marked increase of RBE (relative biological effectiveness) in a lower dose range of neutrons was demonstrated. The radiation doses of the neutron beam as a function of depth, estimated from the yields of dicentrics and rings in a water phantom revealed a fairly good agreement with doses that were physically obtained. The radiation portal margin of the neutron beam was demonstrated to be not as sharp due to a wide penumbra. This wide penumbra and high RBE value, especially at lower dose range of the neutron beam may contribute to the induction of secondary malignancies in the normal tissue surrounding the tumor mass.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1988

Radiation injury in a patient with unusually high sensitivity to radiation.

Radiation therapy is usually given with the assumption that interindividual variations in radiosensitivity are small, except for some patients with hereditary diseases associated with increased sensitivity. Recently, we observed radiation induced pericarditis in a breast carcinoma patient, in whom clinical signs, blood counts and chromosome analysis after in vitro irradiation of blood suggested a state of unusually high radiosensitivity. No evidence of constitutional chromosome abnormality was found in karyotypic analysis with the G-banding technique.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[Frequent occurrences of an enlarged submandibular gland following interstitial irradiation therapy in patients with cancer of the tongue].

A submandibular gland enlargement produces complications in the diagnosis of a nodal metastasis during the follow-up period in patients who have been given interstitial irradiation therapy for their oral cancers. Thus, a retrospective study has been made of the records of such affected patients, to accumulate knowledge regarding the frequency, the time of appearance, and the symptoms leading to the gland enlargement. Among 155 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, 73 cases were selected for this study by the following criteria: (1) the patients were free of metastatic adenopathy, (2) they had been interstitially irradiated, and, (3) they were followed-up without surgical treatment for more than 6 months after the radiotherapy. Gland enlargement was found to have developed in 70% of the studied patients, that is, in 49 of the 73 cases within 9 months after radiotherapy.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1988

[Analysis of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of 210 patients with nodular and favorable histologies--report of the Japanese Lymphoma Radiation Therapy Study Group].

Between 1972 and 1985, 210 patients with nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic (NPDL), nodular mixed lymphocytic and histiocytic (NM), nodular histiocytic (NH), or diffuse well differentiated lymphocytic (DWDL) lymphoma according to Rappaport classification were treated among the 7 hospitals belonging to JLRTG (Japanese Lymphoma Radiation Therapy Study Group). Age greater than 50 years adversely affected overall survival. But no obvious survival differences were seen by sex and the primary site. Patients with NH had a significantly poorer survival (P less than 0.01), while there were no differences among the other histologic groups. Aggressive combination chemotherapy is advisable for patients with stages II, II and IV NH. But radiotherapy along may be treatment choice for patients with stage I NH. Because among stage I, over all survival and relapse-free survival of patients with NH were similar to those with the other histologic types. Five-year and 10-year relapse-free survival of stage I patients with the other 3 histologic types by radiotherapy alone were 85% and 67%, respectively. Those of stage II patients were both 58%. These data suggest cure of more than 50% of stages I and II patients with favorable lymphoma by radiotherapy alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Results of radiation therapy of stage I-II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma localized in the head and neck--a report of the Japanese Lymphoma Radiation Therapy Study Group].

A retrospective analysis of 1514 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated between 1972 and 1985 was performed. Of these cases, 114 with histology of low-grade malignancy and 750 with intermediate malignancy were localized in the head and neck. All patients received definitive course of radiation therapy, including 390 cases with adjuvant chemotherapy. For cases with low-grade malignancy, all cases were locally controlled and five-year relapse free survival rates were 85% in stage I, and 75% in stage II. For cases with intermediate malignancy, local control rates were 97% in stage I, and 87% in stage II. Five-year survival rates were 67% in stage I and 50% in stage II. There were no benefit on survival rates from adjuvant use of chemotherapy with radiation therapy as compared to radiation therapy alone.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[Results of radiation therapy of stage II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the Waldeyer's ring: a report of the Japanese Lymphoma Radiation Therapy Study Group].

A retrospective analysis of 245 patients with stage II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the Waldeyer's ring treated between 1972 and 1985 was performed. Treatment consisted of radiation therapy alone in 96 patients and 149 patients were treated with chemotherapy combined. Five-year survival and relapse-free survival rates were 57% and 50%, respectively. For cases with DH, they were 64% and 55% respectively, and for DLPD 31% and 27%, respectively. Of the cases with relapse, 21% were seen in stomach or intestine. There were no difference on survival rates between radiation therapy alone and chemotherapy combined with radiation therapy.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1988

[Radiation therapy in the extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the maxillo-facial region].

An analysis was made on localized extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the maxillo-facial region treated with radiation. Histopathological evaluation was reviewed by Rappaport classification and Working Formulation (WF). High grade histology of WF was rather frequent (32%) compared to Waldeyer's (NHL) (7%). Prognosis of the disease was highly influenced by histopathologic grade in WF; five-year survival rate was 100% with low grade, 65.6% with intermediate grade and 33.3% with high grade. Marginal relapse was rare after radiation dose of 30-50 Gy, however, there was a high incidence of bone and/or soft tissue relapses. Bone marrow biopsy and bone scintigram were useful examinations in the staging procedure of extranodal NHL.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Results of radiation therapy in extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the head and neck--a study of the Japan Lymphoma Radiation Therapy Study Group].

Extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in the head and neck except Waldeyer's ring treated with radiation were analyzed. No definite difference was observed both in actuarial and relapse-free five-year survival rate between stage I and II. There was a high survival rate with orbital NHL in which most of the patients occupied with favorable histology. Prognosis of the disease was highly influenced by the histologic subtype; five-year survival was 91.4% in DWDL, 77.2% in the DM, 52.0% in DPDL and 51.7% in DH. Application of histologic classification with the Working Formulation was also recommended. There was a high incidence of extranodal relapses to bone and/or soft tissue from the lesions with nasal cavity, paranasal sinus and oral cavity.

Adolescent↗